Early detection by breast cancer screening, followed by appropriate treatments, has demonstrated a reduction in breast cancer–associated mortality [
1]. For breast cancer screening, mammography has been intensely studied. The transition to digital mammography showed better diagnostic accuracy for younger women, premenopausal or perimenopausal women, and women with dense breasts [
2]. However, mammography suffers from tissue superposition that can result in false-positive recalls and false negatives. Digital breast tomosynthesis was developed to reduce tissue superposition [
3]. It has demonstrated a reduction in recall rate and an improvement in cancer detection rate [
4]. However, both mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis require breast compression. Also, both modalities only allow visualizing the breast in an orientation parallel to the detector and hence require multiple views. Dedicated breast CT is being actively investigated as a potential solution to overcome these limitations. It provides complete 3D images of the uncompressed breast from a single scan, allowing the ability to view the breast in any orientation. It also eliminates the tissue superposition problem. Currently, breast CT is used for diagnostic imaging and opportunistic screening. In an effort to translate this modality for breast cancer screening, there are ongoing efforts to improve the visualization of microcalcification clusters and reduce the radiation dose by using high-resolution, low-noise detectors and advanced image reconstruction algorithms. …
