Correction to: BMC Health Services Research (2018) 18:575
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3368-3
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Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported the following errors in Table 1 and Table 2.
Table 1
Describing NHPIs’ Health Services Use based on Andersen’s Model
n = 2172 | Percentages or Meansa | 95% Confidence Intervals or Standard Errors |
|---|---|---|
Health care utilization: Outcomes | ||
ED/ER visits | ||
Non-Users | 81.6 | 79.1–83.9 |
Single-users (1 visit/year) | 11.4 | 9.6–13.5 |
Multiple-users (≥2 visits/year) | 7.0 | 5.9–8.4 |
Outpatient services | ||
Non-Users | 26.6 | 24.0–29.3 |
Occasional-users (1–3 visits/year) | 46.1 | 42.8–49.4 |
Moderate-users (4–9 visits/year) | 17.0 | 14.9–19.3 |
Frequent-users (≥10 visits/year) | 10.4 | 8.5–12.6 |
Predisposing factors | ||
Age (mean) | 40.8 | 39.9–41.7 |
Females | 50.2 | 46.2–54.2 |
Education level | ||
Less than high school | 10.2 | 8.0–13.0 |
High-school/GED | 39.6 | 36.1–43.3 |
High-school or more | 50.2 | 47.0–53.8 |
Married; living with a partner (yes) | 60.7 | 57.5–63.9 |
Unemployed | 33.1 | 28.5–38.0 |
Born in the US (yes) | 70.5 | 66.9–73.9 |
Enabling factors | ||
Poverty level | ||
< 100% FPL | 15.9 | 12.9–19.5 |
100–199% FPL | 24.1 | 21.4–27.1 |
200–399% FPL | 29.8 | 26.5–33.3 |
≥ 400% FPL | 30.2 | 28.3–32.2 |
Uninsured (yes) | 6.2 | 4.8–8.0 |
Usual source of routine/preventive care (yes) | 87.4 | 84.9–89.6 |
Use eHealth information (yes) | 19.3 | 17.0–21.9 |
Ability to afford health care (mean, standard error) | 0.3 | 0.02 |
Neighborhood social support (mean, standard error) | 12.4 | 3.1 |
Barriers to health care access (mean, standard error) | 0.1 | 0.02 |
Needs | ||
Evaluated needs (number of CDs) | ||
0 | 39.7 | 35.9–43.7 |
1 | 23.9 | 21.3–26.7 |
≥ 2 | 36.4 | 33.9–38.9 |
Perceived needs (Health Status) | ||
Poor-Fair | 13.7 | 12.3–15.1 |
Good | 28.3 | 25.1–31.7 |
Very good | 30.0 | 26.8–33.3 |
Excellent | 28.0 | 23.9–32.6 |
Table 2
Predicting use of ED services among NHPIs: Odds-Ratio and Confidence Interval (95% CI)a
Model 1: Predisposing, Enabling, and Evaluated Needs | Model 2: Predisposing, Enabling, and Perceived Needs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predisposing factors | Single vs. Non-Users | Multiple vs. Non-Users | Multiple vs. Single | Single vs. Non-Users | Multiple vs. Non-Users | Multiple vs. Single | |
Age | 1.007 (0.997–1.018) | 1.010 (0.993–1.027) | 1.002 (0.993–1.011) | 1.008 (0.997–1.020) | 1.015* (1.001–1.030) | 1.007 (0.998–1.015) | |
Females | 0.861 (0.627–1.181) | 0.823 (0.538–1.261) | 0.957 (0.801–1.143) | 0.914 (0.707–1.182) | 0.852 (0.526–1.383) | 0.933 (0.731–1.191) | |
High-school or less | 1.083 (0.564–2.081) | 1.109 (0.487–2.526) | 1.024 (0.851–1.232) | 1.088 (0.621–1.906) | 1.161 (0.451–2.988) | 1.067 (0.721–1.581) | |
High-school/GED | 1.208 (0.795–1.835) | 1.277 (0.815–2.000) | 1.057 (0.901–1.240) | 1.061 (0.721–1.563) | 1.111 (0.590–2.092) | 1.047 (0.815–1.345) | |
Married/living with partner | 0.721 (0.423–1.228) | 0.655 (0.333–1.288) | 0.908 (0.648–1.273) | 0.757 (0.441–1.298) | 0.609 (0.279–1.329) | 0.806 (0.566–1.148) | |
Unemployed | 1.002 (0.652–1.540) | 1.003 (0.575–1.748) | 1.001 (0.882–1.135) | 0.951 (0.694–1.304) | 0.915 (0.518–1.616) | 0.962 (0.742–1.246) | |
Born in the US | 1.302 (0.841–2.014) | 1.407 (0.810–2.445) | 1.081 (0.823–1.420) | 1.184 (0.793–1.767) | 1.349 (0.703–2.590) | 1.140 (0.841–1.544) | |
Enabling factors | |||||||
< 100% FPL | 1.387 (0.705–2.731) | 1.528 (0.563–4.148) | 1.101 (0.716–1.695) | 1.158 (0.620–2.164) | 1.297 (0.391–4.304) | 1.120 (0.621–2.022) | |
100–199% FPL | 1.433 (0.875–2.348) | 1.593* (1.023–2.482) | 1.112 (0.829–1.492) | 1.128 (0.738–1.726) | 1.239 (0.633–2.427) | 1.098 (0.838–1.440) | |
200–399% FPL | 1.003 (0.656–1.533) | 1.004 (0.580–1.738) | 1.001 (0.883–1.134) | 0.925 (0.645–1.328) | 0.871 (0.460–1.650) | 0.942 (0.708–1.254) | |
Uninsured | 0.920 (0.263–3.224) | 0.898 (0.166–4.850) | 0.976 (0.631–1.509) | 0.936 (0.369–2.379) | 0.890 (0.159–4.982) | 0.950 (0.431–2.097) | |
Usual source of care | 1.102 (0.425–2.859) | 1.134 (0.315–4.085) | 1.029 (0.734–1.443) | 1.086 (0.464–2.538) | 1.157 (0.251–5.329) | 1.066 (0.538–2.110) | |
Use eHealth information | 1.520 (0.917–2.519) | 1.719* (1.080–2.736) | 1.131 (0.792–1.616) | 1.436 (0.912–2.262) | 1.901* (1.137–3.180) | 1.117 (0.873–1.430) | |
Ability to afford health care | 1.236 (0.990–1.543) | 1.316 (0.823–2.105) | 1.064 (0.809–1.400) | 1.154 (0.980–1.359) | 1.290 (0.893–1.864) | 1.12 (0.873–1.437) | |
Neighborhood social support | 0.951 (0.884–1.023) | 0.937* (0.881–0.997) | 0.985 (0.948–1.025) | 0.971 (0.914–1.031) | 0.948 (0.877–1.026) | 0.977 (0.949–1.006) | |
Barriers to health care access | 1.138 (0.809–1.601) | 1.183 (0.797–1.756) | 1.039 (0.916–1.179) | 1.151 (0.837–1.582) | 1.283 (0.804–2.048) | 1.115 (0.916–1.357) | |
Evaluated needs (CDs) | Perceived needs (health status) | ||||||
1 | 1.191 (0.763–1.860) | 1.254 (0.715–2.199) | 1.053 (0.862–1.286) | Good | 0.484* (0.282–0.830) | 0.275** (0.107–0.708) | 0.570 (0.241–1.347) |
≥ 2 | 1.881 (0.971–3.645) | 2.267** (1.399–3.672) | 1.205 (0.714–2.034) | Very good | 0.369** (0.202–0.674) | 0.170*** (0.074–0.391) | 0.462 (0.161–1.324) |
Excellent | 0.451** (0.254–0.801) | 0.243** (0.090–0.659) | 0.540 (0.212–1.374) | ||||
Table 1 - The numbers in the first row labeled ‘Non-Users’ should read “81.6” and “79.1–83.9” instead of “816” and “791–839”.
Table 2 - In the row labeled “High school/GED” under the “ Model 2: Predisposing, Enabling, and Perceived Needs ” heading, two of the three cells contain inaccurate results as mentioned below:
Incorrect values:
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Single vs. Non-Users:
-
1.088
-
(0.621–1.906)
Multiple vs. Single:
-
1.067
-
(0.721–1.581)
Correct values:
Single vs. Non-Users:
-
1.061
-
(0.721–1.563)
Multiple vs. Single:
-
1.047
-
(0.815–1.345)
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