Background
Methods
Patients selection
Angiography assessment
Parameter definitions
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline characteristics
Isolated CAE n = 77 | Inter-group comparison | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Patient characteristics | |||
Age (years) | 57.8 ± 9.6 | ||
Male | 58 (75%) | ||
Current smoker | 21 (27%) | ||
Diabetes mellitus | 22 (29%) | ||
Hypertension | 46 (60%) | ||
Hypercholesterolemia | 29 (38%) | ||
Markis class: | |||
I | 16 (21%) | ||
II | 23 (30%) | ||
III | 21 (27%) | ||
IV | 17 (22%) | ||
Vessel-specific characteristics | |||
Ectasia vessel: | |||
LAD | 33 (43%) | LAD vs. LCX | 0.109a |
LCX | 44 (57%) | LCX vs. RCA | 0.401a |
RCA | 51 (66%) | RCA vs. LAD | 0.007a |
Mean value of maximal diameter(mm): | |||
LAD (n = 33) | 4.53 ± 1.36 | LAD vs. LCX | 0.245b |
LCX (n = 44) | 4.83 ± 1.79 | LCX vs. RCA | 0.120b |
RCA (n = 51) | 5.30 ± 1.87 | RCA vs. LAD | 0.004b |
Mean CTFC: | |||
LAD (n = 33) | 28.2 ± 10.0 | LAD vs. LCX | 0.008b |
LCX (n = 44) | 32.9 ± 11.3 | LCX vs. RCA | 0.165b |
RCA (n = 51) | 36.1 ± 16.5 | RCA vs. LAD | 0.001b |
Differences in CTFCs and topographical parameters by coronary distribution
Differences in CTFCs and topographical parameters by the Markis classification
Markis IV (n = 17) | Markis III (n = 21) | Markis II (n = 23) | Markis I (n = 16) | P-valuea |
Rs
b
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CTFCindex | 28.28 ± 4.83 | 36.8 ± 10.13 | 40.04 ± 11.62 | 56.35 ± 20.95 | < 0.001 | 0.603 |
Dindex (mm) | 5.65 ± 0.85 | 6.16 ± 0.82 | 6.75 ± 1.01 | 7.15 ± 1.77 | < 0.001 | 0.471 |
ERindex | 1.61 ± 0.16 | 1.78 ± 0.22 | 1.94 ± 0.28 | 2.07 ± 0.48 | < 0.001 | 0.573 |
LDindex (mm) | 28.29 ± 7.33 | 58.57 ± 11.49 | 59.35 ± 14.17 | 63.63 ± 12.78 | < 0.001 | 0.623 |
LDtotal (mm) | 28.06 ± 7.34 | 58.57 ± 11.49 | 83.26 ± 14.45 | 131.94 ± 34.52 | < 0.001 | 0.901 |
EEAindex (mm2) | 149.84 ± 36.68 | 361.81 ± 93.37 | 524.93 ± 126.62 | 893.99 ± 421.2 | < 0.001 | 0.653 |
EEAtotal (mm2) | 149.84 ± 36.68 | 361.81 ± 93.37 | 397.97 ± 123.92 | 456.36 ± 190.76 | < 0.001 | 0.889 |
Linear and nonlinear correlations of CTFCs and topographical parameters
Model | Dependent Variable | Independent Variables | Equation | Ra2 | AIC | RSD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Linear model | ||||||
1 |
CTFC
index
| Dindex | CTFCindex = −9.042 + 7.619* Dindex | 0.353 | 392.9 | 12.6 |
2 |
CTFC
index
| ERindex | CTFCindex = −16.246 + 30.404* ERindex | 0.410 | 385.7 | 12.0 |
3 |
CTFC
index
| LDindex | CTFCindex = 16.360 + 0.444* Lindex | 0.242 | 405.0 | 13.6 |
4 |
CTFC
index
| EEAindex | CTFC = 17.407 + 0.065EEAindex | 0.444 | 381.1 | 11.6 |
Multiple linear model | ||||||
1 |
CTFC
index
| ERindex LDindex | CTFC = −18.970 + 24.842ERindex + 0.245LDindex | 0.466 | 379.0 | 11.3 |
2 |
CTFC
index
| Dindex LDindex | CTFC = −14.396 + 0.285LDindex + 6.091Dindex | 0.436 | 393.3 | 11.7 |
3 |
CTFC
index
| Dindex ERindex LDindex EEAindex | CTFC = 17.248-3.935Dindex + 19.005ERindex-0.354LDindex + 0.092EEAindex | 0.481 | 378.7 | 11.0 |
Nonlinear model | ||||||
1 |
CTFC
index
|
EEA
index
| CTFC = 34.305-0.035EEA
index
+ 1.22−4EEA
index
^2 | 0.526 | 367.8 | 10.7 |
2 |
CTFC
index
|
EEA
index
| CTFC = 18.208 + 0.122EEA
index
-2.94−4EEA
index
^2+ 3.13−7EEA^3 | 0.546 | 363.5 | 10.4 |