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Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie 11/2021

06.10.2021 | Akutes respiratorisches Distress-Syndrom | Journal Club

Fokus Beatmung, Sauerstofftherapie und Weaning

Intensivmedizinische Studien aus 2020/2021

verfasst von: Dr. med. Mascha O. Fiedler, C. J. Reuß, M. Bernhard, C. Beynon, A. Hecker, C. Jungk, C. Nusshag, D. Michalski, T. Brenner, M. A. Weigand, M. Dietrich

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 11/2021

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Die Beatmungsmedizin und extrakorporale Lungenersatzverfahren von kritisch erkrankten Patienten rückten aufgrund der COVID-19-Pandemie seit März 2020 auf Intensivstationen weltweit in den Vordergrund. Viele Patienten erlitten nach einer Infektion mit dem SARS-CoV‑2 eine Hypoxie, die zu unterschiedlichen Schweregraden der Erkrankung führte. Daten aus Wuhan, China [1], und der Lombardei, Italien [2], zeigten, dass eine Minderheit (7 % bzw. \(\sim\)16 %) der Patienten im weiteren Verlauf eine Einweisung auf die Intensivstation benötigte, fast durchgängig wegen akutem hypoxämischen respiratorischen Versagen. Während anfängliche Berichte darauf hindeuteten, dass die Sterblichkeit auf der Intensivstation recht hoch war [1], berichteten nachfolgende Kohorten über wesentlich niedrigere Sterblichkeitsraten [36], die mit den Sterblichkeitsraten vor COVID-19 bei mittelschwerem bis schwerem ARDS übereinstimmen [7]. Die häufigste schwere Manifestation von COVID-19 auf der Intensivstation ist das akute Atemnotsyndrom („acute respiratory distress syndrome“, ARDS), klinisch definiert durch akut einsetzende Hypoxämie, Nachweis von bilateralen, milchglasartigen Trübungen im Thorax-CT, die nicht eindeutig durch Herzversagen verursacht wurden, und eine Hypoxämie, die bei einem positiven endexspiratorischen Druck (PEEP) von mindestens 5 cm H2O anhält [8]. …
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Metadaten
Titel
Fokus Beatmung, Sauerstofftherapie und Weaning
Intensivmedizinische Studien aus 2020/2021
verfasst von
Dr. med. Mascha O. Fiedler
C. J. Reuß
M. Bernhard
C. Beynon
A. Hecker
C. Jungk
C. Nusshag
D. Michalski
T. Brenner
M. A. Weigand
M. Dietrich
Publikationsdatum
06.10.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 11/2021
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-021-00979-8

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