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Erschienen in: Immunologic Research 6/2021

21.08.2021 | COVID-19 | Original Article Zur Zeit gratis

Assessment of humoral and cellular immunity induced by the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthcare workers, elderly people, and immunosuppressed patients with autoimmune disease

verfasst von: Giacomo Malipiero, Anna Moratto, Maria Infantino, Pierlanfranco D’Agaro, Elisa Piscianz, Mariangela Manfredi, Valentina Grossi, Enrico Benvenuti, Matteo Bulgaresi, Maurizio Benucci, Danilo Villalta

Erschienen in: Immunologic Research | Ausgabe 6/2021

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Abstract

The development of vaccines to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection has mainly relied on the induction of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, but there is growing evidence that T cell immune response can contribute to protection as well. In this study, an anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody assay and an INFγ-release assay (IGRA) were used to detect humoral and cellular responses to the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine in three separate cohorts of COVID-19-naïve patients: 108 healthcare workers (HCWs), 15 elderly people, and 5 autoimmune patients treated with immunosuppressive agents. After the second dose of vaccine, the mean values of anti-RBD antibodies (Abs) and INFγ were 123.33 U/mL (range 27.55–464) and 1513 mIU/mL (range 145–2500) in HCWs and 210.7 U/mL (range 3–500) and 1167 mIU/mL (range 83–2500) in elderly people. No correlations between age and immune status were observed. On the contrary, a weak but significant positive correlation was found between INFγ and anti-RBD Abs values (rho = 0.354, p = 0.003). As to the autoimmune cohort, anti-RBD Abs were not detected in the two patients with absent peripheral CD19+B cells, despite high INFγ levels being observed in all 5 patients after vaccination. Even though the clinical relevance of T cell response has not yet been established as a correlate of vaccine-induced protection, IGRA testing has showed optimal sensitivity and specificity to define vaccine responders, even in patients lacking a cognate antibody response to the vaccine.
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Metadaten
Titel
Assessment of humoral and cellular immunity induced by the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthcare workers, elderly people, and immunosuppressed patients with autoimmune disease
verfasst von
Giacomo Malipiero
Anna Moratto
Maria Infantino
Pierlanfranco D’Agaro
Elisa Piscianz
Mariangela Manfredi
Valentina Grossi
Enrico Benvenuti
Matteo Bulgaresi
Maurizio Benucci
Danilo Villalta
Publikationsdatum
21.08.2021
Verlag
Springer US
Schlagwort
COVID-19
Erschienen in
Immunologic Research / Ausgabe 6/2021
Print ISSN: 0257-277X
Elektronische ISSN: 1559-0755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-021-09226-z

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