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Acta Neurologica Belgica

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24.11.2021 | COVID-19 | Review article Zur Zeit gratis

Mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients: predisposing factors, prevention and management

verfasst von: Pavan Kumar Rudrabhatla, Aravind Reghukumar, Sanjeev V. Thomas

Erschienen in: Acta Neurologica Belgica | Ausgabe 2/2022

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Abstract

India is considered the diabetes capital of the world and has the highest burden of mucormycosis. Bacterial, viral and fungal co-infections are increasingly being reported in severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infected patients. India is one of the worst affected countries during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This combination of diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 and mucormycosis has led to the drastic upsurge of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) in India. Immunosuppression, iron disequilibrium, endothelial injury, ketoacidosis and hypoxia are some of the other COVID-19-related risk factors for CAM. There has been an increase in the proportion of mucormycosis affecting paranasal sinuses and central nervous system (CNS) in CAM compared to pre-COVID-19 literature due to the SARSCoV-2-related pathophysiological mechanisms, complications and treatment strategies. CAM is a medical and surgical emergency, and it can present with non-specific symptoms and signs initially resulting in diagnostic delay. High index of suspicion and regular screening for features of CAM are of paramount importance to prevent lethal consequences. Rapid action with a tripod approach consisting of withdrawal of immunomodulators, early antifungal therapy and extensive surgical debridement is considered the best possible treatment model. We review the published data to give a detailed account of the predisposing factors and their mechanisms, diagnostic work-up, treatment modalities and prevention strategies of CAM with special emphasis on CNS mucormycosis.

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Titel: Mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients: predisposing factors, prevention and management
verfasst von: Pavan Kumar Rudrabhatla
Aravind Reghukumar
Sanjeev V. Thomas
Publikationsdatum: 24.11.2021
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Schlagwörter: COVID-19
Mykologie
Pneumonie
Antimikrobielle und antivirale Chemotherapie
Internistische Arzneimitteltherapie
Diagnostik in der Infektiologie
Infektionen in der HNO-Heilkunde
Infektionen in der Intensivmedizin
Infektionserkrankungen in der Hausarztpraxis
Erschienen in: Acta Neurologica Belgica / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 0300-9009
Elektronische ISSN: 2240-2993
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-021-01840-w

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