nach oben

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

Erschienen in:

29.11.2022 | COVID-19 | Neurology of Systemic Diseases (J. Biller, Section Editor)

Neurological Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccination

verfasst von: Aparajita Chatterjee, Ambar Chakravarty

Erschienen in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports | Ausgabe 1/2023

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

A variety of neurological complications have been reported following the widespread use of the COVID-19 vaccines which may lead to vaccine hesitancy and serve as a major barrier to the public health aim of achieving protective herd immunity by vaccination. In this article, we review the available evidence regarding these neurological adverse events reported, to provide clarity regarding the same so that unfounded fears maybe put to rest.

Recent Findings

There is a greater than expected occurrence of severe neurological adverse events such as cortical sinus venous thrombosis, Bell’s palsy, transverse myelitis, and Guillain–Barré syndromes along with other common effects such as headaches following different kinds of COVID-19 vaccination. Precipitation of new onset demyelinating brain lesions with or without detection of specific antibodies and worsening of pre-existing neurological disorders (like epilepsy, multiple sclerosis) are also a matter of great concern though no conclusive evidence implicating the vaccines is available as of now.

Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic is far from being over. Till such time that a truly effective anti-viral drug is discovered, or an appropriate therapeutic strategy is developed, COVID-appropriate behavior and highly effective mass vaccination remain the only weapons in our armamentarium to fight this deadly disease. As often occurs with most therapeutic means for the treatment and prevention of any disease, vaccination against COVID-19 has its hazards. These range from the most trivial ones like fever, local pain and myalgias to several potentially serious cardiac and neurological complications. The latter group includes conditions like cerebral venous thrombosis (curiously often with thrombocytopenia), transverse myelitis and acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy amongst others. Fortunately, the number of reported patients with any of these serious complications is far too low for the total number of people vaccinated. Hence, the current evidence suggests that the benefits of vaccination far outweigh the risk of these events in majority of the patients. As of now, available evidence also does not recommend withholding vaccination in patients with pre-existing neurological disorders like epilepsy and MS, though adenoviral vaccines should be avoided in those with history of thrombotic events.

World Health Organization. Global vaccine action plan 2011–2020. WHO. https://www.who.int/immunization/global_vaccine_action_plan/GVAP_doc_2011_2020/en/ (2013). Accessed Oct 2022.

World Health Organization. Child mortality and causes of death. WHO. https://www.who.int/gho/child_health/mortality/mortality_under_five_text/en/ (2020). Accessed Oct 2022.

Graham BS. Rapid COVID-19 vaccine development. Science. 2020;368(6494):945–6. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb8923.CrossRef

Forni G, Mantovani A. COVID-19 Commission of Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Rome COVID-19 vaccines: where we stand and challenges ahead. Cell Death Differ. 2021;28(2):626–39. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41418-020-00720-9.CrossRef

Pollard AJ, Bijker EM. A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21:83–100. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-020-00479-7.CrossRef

• Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, et al. Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:2603–15. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2034577. This article demonstrates the mechanism of action, safety and efficacy of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine against COVID19.CrossRef

• Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Rouphael NG, Roberts PC, Makhene M, Coler RN, et al. An mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2— preliminary report. N Engl J Med Overseas Ed. 2020;383:1920–31. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2022483. This article discusses the mechanism of action and rate of adverse events of the Moderna vaccine against COVID19.

• Sadoff J, Gray G, Vandebosch A, Cárdenas V, Shukarev G, Grinsztejn B, et al. Safety and efficacy of single-dose Ad26.COV2.S vaccine against Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:2187–201. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2101544. This article elaborates on the mechanism of action, efficacy and adverse events with the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine.CrossRef

• Logunov DY, Dolzhikova IV, Zubkova OV, Tukhvatullin AI, Shcheblyakov DV, Dzharullaeva AS, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1/2 studies from Russia. Lancet. 2020;396:887–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31866-3. Article discussing the principle of the Sputnik V vaccine along with phase III trial data regarding efficacy and tolerability.

10.

• Voysey M, Clemens SAC, Madhi SA, Weckx LY, Folegatti PM, Aley PK, et al. Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomized controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK. Lancet. 2021;397:99–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1. Article elucidating the phase II/III clinical trial data regarding vaccine efficacy and adverse event profile in the Oxford/ ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine.CrossRef

11.

• Heath PT, Galiza EP, Baxter DN, Boffito M, Browne D, Burns F, et al. Safety and efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 Covid-19 vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(13):1172–83. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2107659. Data from Phase III trial of Novavax including protection offered and adverse event profile.CrossRef

12.

• Ella R, Reddy S, Blackwelder W, Potdar V, Yadav P, Sarangi V, et al. Efficacy, safety, and lot-to-lot immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV152): interim results of a randomised, double-blind, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2021;398(10317):2173–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02000-6. This article elucidates the mechanism of action, and reports the efficacy and safety data of phase III trial with Covaxin.CrossRef

13.

• Saeed BQ, Al-Shahrabi R, Alhaj SS, Alkokhardi ZM, Adrees AO. Side effects and perceptions following Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;111:219–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.08.013. This article reviews the adverse events reported with the Sinopharm vaccine use in the UAE.CrossRef

14.

• Wu Z, Hu Y, Xu M, Chen Z, Yang W, Jiang Z, et al. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in healthy adults aged 60 years and older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(6):803–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30987-7. Article discussing potency and side effect profile of CoronaVac vaccine.CrossRef

15.

•• Kaur RJ, Dutta S, Bhardwaj P, Charan J, Dhingra S, Mitra P, et al. Adverse events reported from COVID-19 vaccine trials: a systematic review. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2021;36(4):427–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-021-00968-z. This article provides a comprehensive review of the safety profile of the various licensed COVID19 vaccines.CrossRef

16.

Ganesan S, Al Ketbi LMB, Al Kaabi N, Al Mansoori M, Al Maskari NN, Al Shamsi MS, et al. Vaccine side effects following COVID-19 vaccination among the residents of the UAE-an observational study. Front Public Health. 2022;10:876336. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.876336.CrossRef

17.

• Pillay J, Gaudet L, Wingert A, Bialy L, Mackie AS, Paterson DI, et al. Incidence, risk factors, natural history, and hypothesised mechanisms of myocarditis and pericarditis following covid-19 vaccination: living evidence syntheses and review. BMJ. 2022;378:e069445. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-069445. Article reviews available data regarding development of myocarditis and pericarditis post-COVID vaccination and possible mechanism.CrossRef

18.

•• Garg RK, Paliwal VK. Spectrum of neurological complications following COVID-19 vaccination. Neurol Sci. 2022;43(1):3–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05662-9. An exhaustive review of reported neurological adverse events with various COVID19 vaccines.CrossRef

19.

•• García-Grimshaw M, Ceballos-Liceaga SE, Hernández-Vanegas LE, Núñez I, Hernández-Valdivia N, Carrillo-García DA, et al. Neurologic adverse events among 704,003 first-dose recipients of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in Mexico: a nationwide descriptive study. Clin Immunol. 2021;229:108786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2021.108786. The article reports on the incidence of neurological adverse events post-vaccination with the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in a Mexican cohort.

20.

Kim SH, Wi YM, Yun SY, Ryu JS, Shin JM, Lee EH, et al. Adverse events in healthcare workers after the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination: a single center experience. J Korean Med Sci. 2021;36(14):e107. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e107.CrossRef

21.

Lee YW, Lim SY, Lee JH, Lim JS, Kim M, Kwon S, et al. Adverse reactions of the second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in healthcare workers in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2021;36(21):e153. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e153.CrossRef

22.

Göbel CH, Heinze A, Karstedt S, Morscheck M, Tashiro L, Cirkel A, et al. Headache attributed to vaccination against COVID-19 (coronavirus SARS-CoV-2) with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine: a multicenter observational cohort study. Pain Ther. 2021;10(2):1309–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40122-021-00296-3.CrossRef

23.

• García-Azorín D, Do TP, Gantenbein AR, Hansen JM, Souza MNP, Obermann M, et al. Delayed headache after COVID-19 vaccination: a red flag for vaccine induced cerebral venous thrombosis. J Headache Pain. 2021;22(1):108. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-021-01324-5. This article provides strong evidence in favor of ruling out cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in patients with delayed onset headaches after adenoviral vaccines.CrossRef

24.

World Health Organization. COVID-19 vaccines: safety surveillance manual. World Health Organization. 2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/338400. Accessed Oct 2022.

25.

•• Iba T, Levy JH, Warkentin TE. Recognizing vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Crit Care Med. 2022;50(1):e80–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000005211. This article provides an extensive review of vaccine-induced thrombocytopenia following COVID19 vaccination.CrossRef

26.

•• Greinacher A, Thiele T, Warkentin TE, Weisser K, Kyrle PA, Eichinger S. Thrombotic thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2104840. The authors of this study demonstrated their patients to test positive on a screening platelet factor 4 (PF4)-heparin immunoassay although none of them had received heparin in the past. Patients also tested positive on a platelet-activation assay in the presence of PF4 independent of heparin. Platelet activation was inhibited by high levels of heparin and immunoglobulin . It was postulated that “the vaccine resulted in a rare thrombotic thrombocytopenia mediated by platelet-activating antibodies against PF4, which clinically mimics autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)”.CrossRef

27.

•• Scully M, Singh D, Lown R, Poles A, Solomon T, Levi M, et al. Pathologic antibodies to platelet factor 4 after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(23):2202–11. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2105385. Case series of patients who developed thrombosis with thrombocytopenia and positive antibodies to platelet factor 4 after inoculation with AstraZeneca vaccine, providing insights into mechanism and outcomes.CrossRef

28.

Bersinger S, Lagarde K, Marlu R, Pernod G, Payen JF. Using nonheparin anticoagulant to treat a near-fatal case with multiple venous thrombotic lesions during ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination-related vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Crit Care Med. 2021;49(9):e870–3. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000005105.CrossRef

29.

Graf T, Thiele T, Klingebiel R, Greinacher A, Schäbitz WR, Greeve I. Immediate high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins followed by direct thrombin-inhibitor treatment is crucial for survival in Sars-Covid-19-adenoviral vector vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia VITT with cerebral sinus nvenous and portal vein thrombosis. J Neurol. 2021:20211–3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-021-10599-2

30.

George G, Friedman KD, Curtis BR, Lind SE. Successful treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenia with cerebral sinus venous thrombosis following Ad26.COV2.S vaccination. Am J Hematol. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajh.26237.

31.

Tiede A, Sachs UJ, Czwalinna A, Werwitzke S, Bikker R, Krauss JK, et al. Prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia after COVID-19 vaccination. Blood. 2021;138(4):350–3. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2021011958.CrossRef

32.

Schulz JB, Berlit P, Diener HC, Gerloff C, Greinacher A, Klein C, et al. COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Germany. Ann Neurol. 2021;90(4):627–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.26172.CrossRef

33.

Gattringer T, Gressenberger P, Gary T, Wölfler A, Kneihsl M, Raggam RB. Successful management of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia-related cerebral sinus venous thrombosis after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination. Stroke Vasc Neurol.svn-2021–001142. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2021-001142

34.

Clark RT, Johnson L, Billotti J, Foulds G, Ketels T, Heard K, et al. Early Outcomes of Bivalirudin Therapy for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination. Ann Emerg Med. 2021;78(4):511–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.04.035.CrossRef

35.

•• Pottegård A, Lund LC, Karlstad Ø, Dahl J, Andersen M, Hallas J, et al. Arterial events, venous thromboembolism, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding after vaccination with Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1-S in Denmark and Norway: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2021;373:n1114. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1114. Study reporting arterial and hemostatic events after AstraZeneca vaccination in Denmark and Norway.CrossRef

36.

Krzywicka K, Heldner MR, Sánchez van Kammen M, van Haaps T, Hiltunen S, Silvis SM, et al. Post-SARS-CoV-2-vaccination cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: an analysis of cases notified to the European Medicines Agency. Eur J Neurol. 2021;28(11):3656–62. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.15029.CrossRef

37.

McKeigue PM, Burgul R, Bishop J, Robertson C, McMenamin J, O’Leary M, et al. Association of cerebral venous thrombosis with recent COVID-19 vaccination: case-crossover study using ascertainment through neuroimaging in Scotland. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):1275. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06960-5.CrossRef

38.

Perry RJ, Tamborska A, Singh B, Craven B, Marigold R, Arthur-Farraj P, et al. Cerebral venous thrombosis after vaccination against COVID-19 in the UK: a multicentre cohort study. Lancet. 2021;398(10306):1147–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01608-1.CrossRef

39.

• Chakravarty A. Between the devil and the deep blue sea? Case 3.14. In: Jaypee CA, editor. Neurology & Internal Medicine – A Case Based Study. New Delhi, London: Brothers Publications; 2021, p. 195–99. Report of a case of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a lady following Covisheild COVID 19 vaccination . The patient had an underlying Protein S deficiency and hence had been put on oral anticoagulation for indefinite period.

40.

•• Covid-19 rapid guideline: Vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) [Internet]. National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine; [cited 2022Nov6]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34406720/. Accessed Nov 2022. NICE guidelines for the diagnosis and management of VITT.

41.

42.

• Kakovan M, Ghorbani Shirkouhi S, Zarei M, Andalib S. Stroke Associated with COVID-19 Vaccines. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2022;31(6):106440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106440. This article analyses data regarding strokes associated with COVID vaccination.CrossRef

43.

Blauenfeldt RA, Kristensen SR, Ernstsen SL, Kristensen CCH, Simonsen CZ, Hvas AM. Thrombocytopenia with acute ischemic stroke and bleeding in a patient newly vaccinated with an adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine. J Thromb Haemost. 2021;19(7):1771–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.15347.CrossRef

44.

De Michele M, Iacobucci M, Chistolini A, Nicolini E, Pulcinelli F, Cerbelli B, et al. Malignant cerebral infarction after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 vaccination: a catastrophic variant of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):4663. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25010-x.CrossRef

45.

Al-Mayhani T, Saber S, Stubbs MJ, Losseff NA, Perry RJ, Simister RJ, et al. Ischaemic stroke as a presenting feature of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2021;92(11):1247–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-326984.CrossRef

46.

• Suwanwela NC, Kijpaisalratana N, Tepmongkol S, et al. Prolonged migraine aura resembling ischemic stroke following CoronaVac vaccination: an extended case series. J Headache Pain. 2022;23(1):13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-022-01385-0. Case series of a novel transient neurological phenomenon resembling prolonged migraine aura post administration of CoronaVac.CrossRef

47.

Bjørnstad-Tuveng TH, Rudjord A, Anker P. Fatal cerebral haemorrhage after COVID-19 vaccine. Fatal hjerneblødning etter covid-19-vaksine. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2021;141. https://doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.21.0312

48.

de Melo Silva ML, Lopes DP. Large hemorrhagic stroke after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination: a case report. Acta Neurol Scand. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.13505.CrossRef

49.

Finsterer J, Korn M. Aphasia seven days after second dose of an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Brain Hemorrhages. 2021;2:165–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hest.2021.06.001.CrossRef

50.

Robichaud J, Côté C, Côté F. Systemic capillary leak syndrome after ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccination. CMAJ. 2021;193(34):E1341–4. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.211212.CrossRef

51.

Rosso M, Anziska Y, Levine SR. Acute transient encephalopathy after Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. Case Rep Neurol. 2022;14(2):231–6. https://doi.org/10.1159/000523769.PMID:35702446;PMCID:PMC9149540.CrossRef

52.

• Liu BD, Ugolini C, Jha P. Two cases of post-Moderna COVID-19 vaccine encephalopathy associated with nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16172. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.16172. Case reports of new onset encephalopathy with non-convulsive status epilepticus following administration of the Moderna vaccine.CrossRef

53.

Al-Mashdali AF, Ata YM, Sadik N. Post-COVID-19 vaccine acute hyperactive encephalopathy with dramatic response to methylprednisolone: a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021;69:102803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102803.CrossRef

54.

•• Permezel F, Borojevic B, Lau S, de Boer HH. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) following recent Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2022;18(1):74–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-021-00440-7. This article summarizes the clinical features and autopsy findings of the first fatal case of ADEM following Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine.CrossRef

55.

OzgenKenangil G, Ari BC, Guler C, Demir MK. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like presentation after an inactivated coronavirus vaccine [published correction appears in Acta Neurol Belg. Acta Neurol Belg. 2021;121(4):1089–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-021-01699-x.CrossRef

56.

Cao L, Ren L. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination: a case report. Acta Neurol Belg. 2022;122(3):793–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-021-01608-2.CrossRef

57.

•• Zuhorn F, Graf T, Klingebiel R, Schäbitz WR, Rogalewski A. Postvaccinal Encephalitis after ChAdOx1 nCov-19. Ann Neurol. 2021;90(3):506–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.26182. Case series of 23 patients with post-vaccinal encephalitis fulfilling the criteria for autoimmune encephalitis after vaccination with the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine.CrossRef

58.

Kobayashi Y, Karasawa S, Ohashi N, Yamamoto K. A case of encephalitis following COVID-19 vaccine. J Infect Chemother. 2022;28(7):975–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2022.02.009.CrossRef

59.

Bensaidane MR, Picher-Martel V, Émond F, De Serres G, Dupré N, Beauchemin P. Case report: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy following COVID-19 vaccine. Front Neurol. 2022;13:872734. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.872734.CrossRef

60.

Malhotra SH, Gupta P, Prabhu V, Garg RK, Dandu H, Agarwal V. COVID-19 vaccination-associated myelitis. QJM. 2021;hcab069. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcab069

61.

Tan WY, Yusof Khan AHK, MohdYaakob MN, Abdul Rashid AM, Loh WC, Baharin J, et al. Longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis following ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 vaccine: a case report. BMC Neurol. 2021;21(1):395. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-021-02427-x.CrossRef

62.

Pagenkopf C, Südmeyer M. A case of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis following vaccination against Covid-19. J Neuroimmunol. 2021;358:577606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577606.CrossRef

63.

Chagla Z. In adults, the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine had 70% efficacy against COVID-19 >14 d after the 2nd dose. Ann Intern Med. 2021;174(3):JC29. https://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJ202103160-029.CrossRef

64.

Knoll MD, Wonodi C. Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Lancet. 2021;397(10269):72–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32623-4.CrossRef

65.

Román GC, Gracia F, Torres A, Palacios A, Gracia K, Harris D. Acute transverse myelitis (ATM): clinical review of 43 patients with COVID-19-associated ATM and 3 post-vaccination ATM serious adverse events with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222). Front Immunol. 2021;26(12):653786. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.653786.PMID:33981305;PMCID:PMC8107358.CrossRef

66.

• Quintanilla-Bordás C, Gascón-Gimenez F, Alcalá C, Payá M, Mallada J, Silla R, et al. Case report: Exacerbation of relapses following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in multiple sclerosis: a case series. Front Neurol. 2022;13:897275. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.897275. Case series of patients with yet-unrecognized multiple sclerosis whose relapses flared with mRNA vaccines and possible mechanisms and immune markers.CrossRef

67.

•• Epstein S, Xia Z, Lee AJ, Dahl M, Edwards K, Levit E, et al. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in neuroinflammatory disease: early safety/tolerability data. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022;57:103433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2021.103433. A large cross-sectional study demonstrating the safety of vaccination in patients with neuroimmunological disorders.CrossRef

68.

Dinoto A, Gastaldi M, Iorio R, Marini S, Damato V, Farina A, et al. Safety profile of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with antibody-mediated CNS disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022;63:103827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2022.103827.CrossRef

69.

Alfishawy M, Bitar Z, Elgazzar A, Elzoueiry M. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination. Am J Emerg Med. 2021;49:408–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.02.011.CrossRef

70.

Nagamine T. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with COVID-19 vaccination. CJEM. 2022;24(3):349–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43678-021-00254-0.CrossRef

71.

Ghosh R, Dubey S, Roy D, Mandal A, Naga D, Benito-León J. Focal onset non-motor seizure following COVID-19 vaccination: a mere coincidence? Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021;15(3):1023–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.003.CrossRef

72.

Makhlouf AT, Van Alphen MU, Manzano GS, Freudenreich O. A seizure after COVID-19 vaccination in a patient on clozapine. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2021;41(6):689–90. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000001488.CrossRef

73.

• Werner J, Brandi G, Jelcic I, Galovic M. New-onset refractory status epilepticus due to autoimmune encephalitis after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2: first case report. Front Neurol. 2022;13:946644. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.946644. Case report of new-onset refractory status epilepticus with seronegative autoimmune encephalitis after Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine.CrossRef

74.

•• Martinez-Fernandez I, Sanchez-Larsen A, Gonzalez-Villar E, Martínez-Martín Á, von Quednow E, Del Valle-Pérez JA, et al. Observational retrospective analysis of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and seizures: VACCI-COVID registry. Epilepsy Behav. 2022;134:108808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.10880. Retrospective study demonstrating the overall safety of COVID vaccines in patients with epilepsy.CrossRef

75.

• Özdemir HN, Dere B, Gökçay F, Gökçay A. Are COVID-19 vaccines safe for people with epilepsy? A cross-sectional study Neurol Sci. 2022;43(6):3489–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-05956-6. Cross-sectional study showing that COVID vaccines are well tolerated in patients with epilepsy.CrossRef

76.

von Wrede R, Pukropski J, Moskau-Hartmann S, Surges R, Baumgartner T. COVID-19 vaccination in patients with epilepsy: First experiences in a German tertiary epilepsy center. Epilepsy Behav. 2021;122:108160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108160.CrossRef

77.

Massoud F, Ahmad SF, Hassan AM, Alexander KJ, Al-Hashel J, Arabi M. Safety and tolerability of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines among people with epilepsy (PwE): a cross-sectional study. Seizure. 2021;92:2–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2021.08.001.CrossRef

78.

Li N, Chu C, Lin W. A survey of hesitancy and response to the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with epilepsy in northeast China. Front Neurol. 2021;2:778618. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2021.778618.CrossRef

79.

• Clayton LM, Balestrini S, Cross JH, Wilson G, Eldred C, Evans H, et al. The impact of SARS-COV-2 vaccination in Dravet syndrome: a UK survey. Epilepsy Behav. 2021;124:108258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108258. This article provides data supporting the safety of COVID vaccination in patients with Dravet Syndrome.CrossRef

80.

Lu Q, Wang YY, Wang QH, Tang LN, Yang XY, Dun S, et al. Safety of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in tuberous sclerosis complex patients with epilepsy treated with rapamycin. Seizure. 2022;99:71–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2022.05.010.CrossRef

81.

Shemer A, Pras E, Hecht I. Peripheral facial nerve palsy following BNT162b2 (COVID-19) vaccination. Isr Med Assoc J. 2021;23(3):143–4 (PMID: 33734623).

82.

Burrows A, Bartholomew T, Rudd J, Walker D. Sequential contralateral facial nerve palsies following COVID-19 vaccination first and second doses. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(7):e243829. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-243829.CrossRef

83.

Obermann M, Krasniqi M, Ewers N, Fayad J, Haeberle U. Bell’s palsy following COVID-19 vaccination with high CSF antibody response. Neurol Sci. 2021;42(11):4397–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05496-5.CrossRef

84.

Shemer A, Pras E, Einan-Lifshitz A, Dubinsky-Pertzov B, Hecht I. Association of COVID-19 vaccination and facial nerve palsy: a case-control study. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021;147(8):739–43. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2021.1259.CrossRef

85.

•• Ozonoff A, Nanishi E, Levy O. Bell’s palsy and SARSCoV-2 vaccines. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(4):450–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00076-1. This article reviews data regarding Bell’s Palsy post-COVID vaccination demonstrating the increased risk of the same.CrossRef

86.

Lechien JR, Diallo AO, Dachy B, Le Bon SD, Maniaci A, Vaira LA, Saussez S (2021) COVID-19: Post-vaccine smell and taste disorders: report of 6 cases. Ear Nose Throat J Sep 1:1455613211033125. https://doi.org/10.1177/01455613211033125. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34467793.

87.

Keir G, Maria NI, Kirsch CFE. Unique imaging findings of neurologic phantosmia following Pfizer-BioNtech COVID-19 vaccination: a case report. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2021;30(3):133–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/RMR.0000000000000287.CrossRef

88.

Reyes-Capo DP, Stevens SM, Cavuoto KM. Acute abducens nerve palsy following COVID-19 vaccination. J AAPOS. 2021;25(5):302–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.05.003.CrossRef

89.

Sen M, Honavar SG. After the storm: ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 vaccines. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021;69(12):3398–420. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijo.IJO_2824_21.CrossRef

90.

Chuang TY, Burda K, Teklemariam E, Athar K. Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting after COVID-19 vaccination. Cureus. 2021;13(7):e16791. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.16791.CrossRef

91.

Bialasiewicz AA, Farah-Diab MS, Mebarki HT. Central retinal vein occlusion occurring immediately after 2nd dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Int Ophthalmol. 2021;41:3889–92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01971-2.CrossRef

92.

•• Alvarez LM, NingNeo Y, Davagnanam I, Ashenhurst M, Acheson J, Abdel-Hay A, et al. Post vaccination optic neuritis: Observations from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. SSRN Electron J. 2021. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3889990. Review article studying risk of optic neuritis post-vaccination, concluding that no definite increase in rates of optic neuritis after inoculation.CrossRef

93.

Formeister EJ, Wu MJ, Chari DA, Meek R 3rd, Rauch SD, Remenschneider AK, et al. Assessment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss after COVID-19 vaccination. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022;148(4):307–15. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2021.4414.CrossRef

94.

Waheed S, Bayas A, Hindi F, Rizvi Z, Espinosa PS. Neurological Complications of COVID-19: Guillain-Barre syndrome following Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine. Cureus. 2021;13(2):e13426. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.13426.CrossRef

95.

• Márquez Loza AM, Holroyd KB, Johnson SA, Pilgrim DM, Amato AA. Guillain-Barré syndrome in the placebo and active arms of a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial: temporal associations do not imply causality. Neurology. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011881. Study of risk of GBS post-COVID vaccination demonstrating the absence of sufficient evidence to implicate vaccines as the cause.

96.

Kohli S, Varshney M, Mangla S, Jaiswal B, Chhabra PH. Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccine: should we assume a causal link? International Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Case Reports. 2021;20–4. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijmpcr/2021/v14i130124.

97.

Bonifacio GB, Patel D, Cook S, Purcaru E, Couzins M, Domjan J, et al. Bilateral facial weakness with paraesthesia variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome following Vaxzevria COVID-19 vaccine. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2021;93(3):341–2. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-327027.CrossRef

98.

McKean N, Chircop C. Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(7):e244125. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-244125.CrossRef

99.

Waheed W, Carey ME, Tandan SR, Tandan R. Post COVID-19 vaccine small fiber neuropathy. Muscle Nerve. 2021;64(1):E1–2. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.27251.CrossRef

100.

Mahajan S, Zhang F, Mahajan A, Zimnowodzki S. Parsonage Turner syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination. Muscle Nerve. 2021;64(1):E3–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.27255.CrossRef

101.

McMahon DE, Amerson E, Rosenbach M, Lipoff JB, Moustafa D, Tyagi A, et al. Cutaneous reactions reported after Moderna and Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination: A registry-based study of 414 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;85(1):46–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.092.CrossRef

102.

• Nassar M, Chung H, Dhayaparan Y, Nyein A, Acevedo BJ, Chicos C, Zheng D, Barras M, Mohamed M, Alfishawy M, Nso N, Rizzo V, Kimball E. COVID-19 vaccine induced rhabdomyolysis: Case report with literature review. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021;15(4):102170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2021.06.007. Case report of possible vaccine-induced rhabdomyolysis with good outcome following prompt treatment.

103.

Kimura M, Niwa JI, Doyu M. Recurring weakness in rhabdomyolysis following Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccination. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(6):935. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060935.CrossRef

104.

•• Sansone G, Bonifati DM. Vaccines and myasthenia gravis: a comprehensive review and retrospective study of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a large cohort of myasthenic patients. J Neurol. 2022;269:3965–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-022-11140-9. This review article examines the available data regarding safety of COVID vaccines in myasthenia patients.

105.

Cosentino C, Torres L, Vélez M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2022;37(1):233. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28851.CrossRef

106.

Erro R, Buonomo AR, Barone P, Pellecchia MT. Severe dyskinesia after administration of SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccine in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2021;36(10):2219. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28772.CrossRef

107.

•• Imbalzano G, Ledda C, Artusi CA, Romagnolo A, Montanaro E, Rizzone MG, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, Parkinson’s disease, and other movement disorders: case series and short literature review. Neurol Sci. 2022;43:5165–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06182-w. Case report and review of other cases of Parkinsonism showing transient worsening of motor symptoms following COVID vaccination.CrossRef

108.

• Naharci MI, Tasci I. Delirium in a patient with Alzheimer’s dementia following COVID-19 vaccination. Psychogeriatrics. 2021;21(5):846–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12747. Case report of precipitation of delirium in a patient with Alzheimer’s disease after CoronaVac Vaccine.CrossRef

109.

Ng JH, Chaudhuri KR, Tan EK. Functional neurological disorders and COVID-19 vaccination. Ann Neurol. 2021;90(2):328. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.26160.CrossRef

110.

Takahashi O, Sakakibara R, Sawai S, Ogata T. Functional neurological disorders after COVID-19 vaccination: Case series and literature review. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2022;25. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.13453.

111.

Kim DD, Kung CS, Perez DL. Helping the public understand adverse events associated with covid-19 vaccinations. JAMA Neurol. 2021;78(7):789. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.1042.CrossRef

112.

•• Butler M, Coebergh J, Safavi F, Carson A, Hallett M, Michael B, et al. 2021 Functional neurological disorder after SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: two case reports and discussion of potential public health implications. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050116. Reports of patients developing functional neurological disorder following COVID-vaccination and implications.

113.

Ercoli T, Lutzoni L, Orofino G, Muroni A, Defazio G. Functional neurological disorder after COVID-19 vaccination. Neurol Sci. 2021;42:1–2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05504-8.CrossRef

114.

Goss AL, Samudralwar RD, Das RR, Nath A. ANA investigates: neurological complications of COVID-19 vaccines. Ann Neurol. 2021;89(5):856–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.26065.CrossRef

Titel: Neurological Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccination
verfasst von: Aparajita Chatterjee
Ambar Chakravarty
Publikationsdatum: 29.11.2022
Verlag: Springer US
Schlagwort: COVID-19
Erschienen in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports / Ausgabe 1/2023
Print ISSN: 1528-4042
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6293
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-022-01247-x

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

^{Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag}

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

23.04.2024 | Demenz | Nachrichten

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Neurological Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccination

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

Demenzkranke durch Antipsychotika vielfach gefährdet

Parkinson-Therapie im Wandel – aktuelle Leitlinie im Fokus

Auf diese Krankheiten bei Geflüchteten sollten Sie vorbereitet sein

Hustenstiller lindert Agitation bei Alzheimer

Update Neurologie

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

Demenzkranke durch Antipsychotika vielfach gefährdet

Parkinson-Therapie im Wandel – aktuelle Leitlinie im Fokus

Auf diese Krankheiten bei Geflüchteten sollten Sie vorbereitet sein

Hustenstiller lindert Agitation bei Alzheimer

Update Neurologie