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Erschienen in: Journal of Nephrology 2/2022

26.11.2021 | COVID-19 | Review Zur Zeit gratis

The innate immune system in human kidney inflammaging

verfasst von: Vincenzo Sepe, Carmelo Libetta, Marilena Gregorini, Teresa Rampino

Erschienen in: Journal of Nephrology | Ausgabe 2/2022

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Abstract

Elderly individuals with chronic disorders tend to develop inflammaging, a condition associated with elevated levels of blood inflammatory markers, and increased susceptibility to chronic disease progression. Native and adaptive immunity are both involved in immune system senescence, kidney fibrosis and aging. The innate immune system is characterized by a limited number of receptors, constantly challenged by self and non-self stimuli. Circulating and kidney resident myeloid and lymphoid cells are all equipped with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Recent reports on PRRs show kidney overexpression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in inflammaging autoimmune renal diseases, vasculitis, acute kidney injury and kidney transplant rejection. TLR upregulation leads to proinflammatory cytokine induction, fibrosis, and chronic kidney disease progression. TLR2 blockade in a murine model of renal ischemia reperfusion injury prevented the escape of natural killer cells and neutrophils by inflammaging kidney injury. Tumor necrosis factor-α blockade in endothelial cells with senescence-associated secretory phenotype significantly reduced interleukin-6 release. These findings should encourage experimental and translational clinical trials aimed at modulating renal inflammaging by native immunity blockade.
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Metadaten
Titel
The innate immune system in human kidney inflammaging
verfasst von
Vincenzo Sepe
Carmelo Libetta
Marilena Gregorini
Teresa Rampino
Publikationsdatum
26.11.2021
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Schlagwort
COVID-19
Erschienen in
Journal of Nephrology / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1121-8428
Elektronische ISSN: 1724-6059
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-021-01153-4

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