Skip to main content
Erschienen in:

18.03.2021 | COVID-19 | Psychological Issues (V Drapeau and V Ivezaj, Section Editors) Zur Zeit gratis

Weight Bias During the COVID-19 Pandemic

verfasst von: Rebecca L. Pearl, Erica M. Schulte

Erschienen in: Current Obesity Reports | Ausgabe 2/2021

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review explores potential sources of weight bias and stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic, including “quarantine-15” messages and discussion of obesity in media and public health campaigns. We examine evidence of the effects of weight bias on well-being during the pandemic and highlight unanswered questions to be addressed in future research.

Recent Findings

Studies that have investigated weight change during stay-at-home orders have yielded mixed findings and relied predominantly on self-reported retrospective recall, thus providing weak evidence of a widespread “quarantine-15” effect. No studies to date have evaluated the effects on weight stigma and health of obesity-focused COVID-19 media and public health messages. Individuals with a history of experiencing weight bias may be more vulnerable to binge eating and psychological distress during the pandemic.

Summary

Weight bias and stigma during the COVID-19 pandemic, and their effects on health and well-being, warrant greater investigation and consideration in public health efforts.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Fraser E. Long term respiratory complications of covid-19. BMJ. 2020;370:m3001.PubMed Fraser E. Long term respiratory complications of covid-19. BMJ. 2020;370:m3001.PubMed
3.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Collins SR, Gunja MZ, Aboulafia GN, Czyzewicz E, Kline CH, Rapoport R et al. An early look at the potential implication of the COVID-19 pandemic for health insurance coverage. 2020. Available from: https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2020/jun/implications-covid-19-pandemic-health-insurance-survey Collins SR, Gunja MZ, Aboulafia GN, Czyzewicz E, Kline CH, Rapoport R et al. An early look at the potential implication of the COVID-19 pandemic for health insurance coverage. 2020. Available from: https://​www.​commonwealthfund​.​org/​publications/​issue-briefs/​2020/​jun/​implications-covid-19-pandemic-health-insurance-survey
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Fontanesi L, Marchetti D, Mazza C, Di Giandomenico S, Roma P, Verrocchio MC. The effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on parents: a call to adopt urgent measures. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S79–81.PubMed Fontanesi L, Marchetti D, Mazza C, Di Giandomenico S, Roma P, Verrocchio MC. The effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on parents: a call to adopt urgent measures. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S79–81.PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat The plight of essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10237):1587. The plight of essential workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10237):1587.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Couch KA, Fairlie RW, Xu H. Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment. J Public Econ. 2020;192:104287.PubMedPubMedCentral Couch KA, Fairlie RW, Xu H. Early evidence of the impacts of COVID-19 on minority unemployment. J Public Econ. 2020;192:104287.PubMedPubMedCentral
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Hooper MW, Napoles AM, Perez-Stable EJ. COVID-19 and racial/ethnic disparities. Jama. 2020;323(24):2466–7. Hooper MW, Napoles AM, Perez-Stable EJ. COVID-19 and racial/ethnic disparities. Jama. 2020;323(24):2466–7.
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Rollston R, Galea S. COVID-19 and the social determinants of health. Am J Health Promot. 2020;34(6):687–9.PubMed Rollston R, Galea S. COVID-19 and the social determinants of health. Am J Health Promot. 2020;34(6):687–9.PubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhutani S, Cooper JA. COVID-19-related home confinement in adults: weight gain risks and opportunities. Obesity. 2020;28(9):1576–7.PubMed Bhutani S, Cooper JA. COVID-19-related home confinement in adults: weight gain risks and opportunities. Obesity. 2020;28(9):1576–7.PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Rundle AG, Park Y, Herbstman JB, Kinsey EW, Wang YC. COVID-19-related school closings and risk of weight gain among children. Obesity. 2020;28(6):1008–9.PubMed Rundle AG, Park Y, Herbstman JB, Kinsey EW, Wang YC. COVID-19-related school closings and risk of weight gain among children. Obesity. 2020;28(6):1008–9.PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL. Weight stigma and the “quarantine-15”. Obesity. 2020;28(7):1180–1.PubMed Pearl RL. Weight stigma and the “quarantine-15”. Obesity. 2020;28(7):1180–1.PubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat •The Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology. Obesity and COVID-19: Blame isn’t a strategy. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;8(9):731. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30274-6. The recent Public Health England campaign against obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic is criticized for using guilt and shame to try to motivate weight loss. •The Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology. Obesity and COVID-19: Blame isn’t a strategy. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;8(9):731. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​S2213-8587(20)30274-6. The recent Public Health England campaign against obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic is criticized for using guilt and shame to try to motivate weight loss.
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl R, Brownell KD. Bias, discrimination, and obesity. Obes Res. 2001;9(12):788–805.PubMed Puhl R, Brownell KD. Bias, discrimination, and obesity. Obes Res. 2001;9(12):788–805.PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl RM, Brownell KD. Psychosocial origins of obesity stigma: toward changing a powerful and pervasive bias. Obes Rev. 2003;4:213–27.PubMed Puhl RM, Brownell KD. Psychosocial origins of obesity stigma: toward changing a powerful and pervasive bias. Obes Rev. 2003;4:213–27.PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Charlesworth TES, Banaji MR. Patterns of implicit and explicit attitudes: I. Long-term change and stability from 2007 to 2016. Psychol Sci. 2019;30(2):174–92 While other forms of implicit bias have reduced in the past decade, implicit weight bias has increased.PubMed •• Charlesworth TES, Banaji MR. Patterns of implicit and explicit attitudes: I. Long-term change and stability from 2007 to 2016. Psychol Sci. 2019;30(2):174–92 While other forms of implicit bias have reduced in the past decade, implicit weight bias has increased.PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl RM, Brownell KD. Confronting and coping with weight stigma: an investigation of overweight and obese adults. Obesity. 2006;14(10):1802–15.PubMed Puhl RM, Brownell KD. Confronting and coping with weight stigma: an investigation of overweight and obese adults. Obesity. 2006;14(10):1802–15.PubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL. Weight bias and stigma: public health implications and structural solutions. Soc Issues Policy Rev. 2018;12(1):146–82. Pearl RL. Weight bias and stigma: public health implications and structural solutions. Soc Issues Policy Rev. 2018;12(1):146–82.
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Durso LE, Latner JD. Understanding self-directed stigma: development of the Weight Bias Internalization Scale. Obesity. 2008;16:S80–S6.PubMed Durso LE, Latner JD. Understanding self-directed stigma: development of the Weight Bias Internalization Scale. Obesity. 2008;16:S80–S6.PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Lillis J, Luoma JB, Levin ME, Hayes SC. Measuring weight self-stigma: the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire. Obesity. 2010;18(5):971–6.PubMed Lillis J, Luoma JB, Levin ME, Hayes SC. Measuring weight self-stigma: the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire. Obesity. 2010;18(5):971–6.PubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL, Himmelstein MS, Puhl RM, Wadden TA, Wojtanowski AC, Foster GD. Weight bias internalization in a commercial weight management sample: prevalence and correlates. Obes Sci Pract. 2019;5(4):342–53.PubMedPubMedCentral Pearl RL, Himmelstein MS, Puhl RM, Wadden TA, Wojtanowski AC, Foster GD. Weight bias internalization in a commercial weight management sample: prevalence and correlates. Obes Sci Pract. 2019;5(4):342–53.PubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL, Puhl RM, Dovidio JF. Differential effects of weight bias experiences and internalization on exercise among women with overweight and obesity. J Health Psychol. 2015;20(12):1626–32.PubMed Pearl RL, Puhl RM, Dovidio JF. Differential effects of weight bias experiences and internalization on exercise among women with overweight and obesity. J Health Psychol. 2015;20(12):1626–32.PubMed
33.
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL, Puhl RM, Brownell KD. Positive media portrayals of obese persons: impact on attitudes and image preferences. Health Psychol. 2012;31(6):821–9.PubMed Pearl RL, Puhl RM, Brownell KD. Positive media portrayals of obese persons: impact on attitudes and image preferences. Health Psychol. 2012;31(6):821–9.PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Heuer CA, McClure KJ, Puhl RM. Obesity stigma in online news: a visual content analysis. J Health Commun. 2011;16(9):976–87.PubMed Heuer CA, McClure KJ, Puhl RM. Obesity stigma in online news: a visual content analysis. J Health Commun. 2011;16(9):976–87.PubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl RM, Peterson JL, DePierre JA, Luedicke J. Headless, hungry, and unhealthy: a video content analysis of obese persons portrayed in online news. J Health Commun. 2013;18(6):686–702.PubMed Puhl RM, Peterson JL, DePierre JA, Luedicke J. Headless, hungry, and unhealthy: a video content analysis of obese persons portrayed in online news. J Health Commun. 2013;18(6):686–702.PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoo JH, Kim J. Obesity in the news media: a content analysis of obesity videos on YouTube. Health Commun. 2011;27(1):86–97.PubMed Yoo JH, Kim J. Obesity in the news media: a content analysis of obesity videos on YouTube. Health Commun. 2011;27(1):86–97.PubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Boepple L, Ata RN, Rum R, Thompson JK. Strong is the new skinny: a content analysis of fitspiration websites. Body Image. 2016;17:132–5.PubMed Boepple L, Ata RN, Rum R, Thompson JK. Strong is the new skinny: a content analysis of fitspiration websites. Body Image. 2016;17:132–5.PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Chou WS, Prestin A, Kunath S. Obesity in social media: a mixed methods analysis. Transl Behav Med. 2014;4(3):314–23.PubMedPubMedCentral Chou WS, Prestin A, Kunath S. Obesity in social media: a mixed methods analysis. Transl Behav Med. 2014;4(3):314–23.PubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Lydecker JA, Cotter EW, Palmberg AA, Simpson C, Kwitowski M, White K, et al. Does this Tweet make me look fat? A content analysis of weight stigma on Twitter. Eat Weight Disord. 2016;21:229–35.PubMed Lydecker JA, Cotter EW, Palmberg AA, Simpson C, Kwitowski M, White K, et al. Does this Tweet make me look fat? A content analysis of weight stigma on Twitter. Eat Weight Disord. 2016;21:229–35.PubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Wick MR, Harriger JA. A content analysis of thinspiration images and text posts on Tumblr. Body Image. 2018;24:13–6.PubMed Wick MR, Harriger JA. A content analysis of thinspiration images and text posts on Tumblr. Body Image. 2018;24:13–6.PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL, Lebowitz MS. Beyond personal responsibility: effects of causal attributions for obesity on weight-related beliefs, stigma, and policy support. Psychol Health. 2014;29(10):1176–91.PubMed Pearl RL, Lebowitz MS. Beyond personal responsibility: effects of causal attributions for obesity on weight-related beliefs, stigma, and policy support. Psychol Health. 2014;29(10):1176–91.PubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl R, Luedicke J, Peterson JL. Public reactions to obesity-related health campaigns: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Prev Med. 2013;45(1):36–48.PubMed Puhl R, Luedicke J, Peterson JL. Public reactions to obesity-related health campaigns: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Prev Med. 2013;45(1):36–48.PubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl R, Peterson JL, Luedicke J. Fighting obesity or obese persons? Public perceptions of obesity-related health messages. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013;37(6):774–82. Puhl R, Peterson JL, Luedicke J. Fighting obesity or obese persons? Public perceptions of obesity-related health messages. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013;37(6):774–82.
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Frederick DA, Saguy AC, Sandhu G, Mann T. Effects of competing news media frames of weight on antifat stigma, beliefs about weight and support for obesity-related public policies. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40:543–9. Frederick DA, Saguy AC, Sandhu G, Mann T. Effects of competing news media frames of weight on antifat stigma, beliefs about weight and support for obesity-related public policies. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40:543–9.
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Saguy AC, Frederick D, Gruys K. Reporting risk, producing prejudice: how news reporting on obesity shapes attitudes health risk, policy, and prejudice. Soc Sci Med. 2014;111:125–33.PubMed Saguy AC, Frederick D, Gruys K. Reporting risk, producing prejudice: how news reporting on obesity shapes attitudes health risk, policy, and prejudice. Soc Sci Med. 2014;111:125–33.PubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Rubino F, Puhl RM, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, Ryan DH, Mechanick JI, et al. Joint international consensus statement for ending stigma of obesity. Nat Med. 2020;26:485–97 A joint consensus statement from a modified Delphi process found strong evidence for the prevalence and harms of weight stigma and called for the elimination of weight stigma across health care, media, public health, research, and policy.PubMedPubMedCentral •• Rubino F, Puhl RM, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, Ryan DH, Mechanick JI, et al. Joint international consensus statement for ending stigma of obesity. Nat Med. 2020;26:485–97 A joint consensus statement from a modified Delphi process found strong evidence for the prevalence and harms of weight stigma and called for the elimination of weight stigma across health care, media, public health, research, and policy.PubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Papadopoulos S, Brennan L. Correlates of weight stigma in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic literature review. Obesity. 2015;23:1743–60.PubMed Papadopoulos S, Brennan L. Correlates of weight stigma in adults with overweight and obesity: a systematic literature review. Obesity. 2015;23:1743–60.PubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Tomiyama AJ. Weight stigma is stressful: a review of evidence for the cyclic obesity/weight-based stigma model. Appetite. 2014;82:8–15.PubMed Tomiyama AJ. Weight stigma is stressful: a review of evidence for the cyclic obesity/weight-based stigma model. Appetite. 2014;82:8–15.PubMed
52.
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL, Puhl RM, Himmelstein MS, Pinto AM, Foster GD. Weight stigma and weight-related health: associations of self-report measures among adults in weight management. Ann Behav Med. 2020;54(11):904–14.PubMedPubMedCentral Pearl RL, Puhl RM, Himmelstein MS, Pinto AM, Foster GD. Weight stigma and weight-related health: associations of self-report measures among adults in weight management. Ann Behav Med. 2020;54(11):904–14.PubMedPubMedCentral
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Jackson SE, Beeken RJ, Wardle J. Perceived weight discrimination and changes in weight, waist circumference, and weight status. Obesity. 2014;22:2485–8.PubMed Jackson SE, Beeken RJ, Wardle J. Perceived weight discrimination and changes in weight, waist circumference, and weight status. Obesity. 2014;22:2485–8.PubMed
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Pearl RL, Wadden TA, Chao AM, Walsh O, Alamuddin N, Berkowitz RI, et al. Weight bias internalization and long-term weight loss in patients with obesity. Ann Behav Med. 2019;53(8):782–7.PubMed Pearl RL, Wadden TA, Chao AM, Walsh O, Alamuddin N, Berkowitz RI, et al. Weight bias internalization and long-term weight loss in patients with obesity. Ann Behav Med. 2019;53(8):782–7.PubMed
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Puhl RM, Quinn DM, Weisz BM, Suh YJ. The role of stigma in weight loss maintenance among U.S. adults. Ann Behav Med. 2017;51:754–63.PubMed Puhl RM, Quinn DM, Weisz BM, Suh YJ. The role of stigma in weight loss maintenance among U.S. adults. Ann Behav Med. 2017;51:754–63.PubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Wott CB, Carels RA. Overt weight stigma, psychological distress and weight loss treatment outcomes. J Health Psychol. 2010;15(4):608–14.PubMed Wott CB, Carels RA. Overt weight stigma, psychological distress and weight loss treatment outcomes. J Health Psychol. 2010;15(4):608–14.PubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Lillis J, Thomas JG, Olson K, Wing RR. Weight self-stigma and weight loss during behavioural weight loss intervention. Obes Sci Pract. 2019;5(1):21–7.PubMedPubMedCentral Lillis J, Thomas JG, Olson K, Wing RR. Weight self-stigma and weight loss during behavioural weight loss intervention. Obes Sci Pract. 2019;5(1):21–7.PubMedPubMedCentral
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Olson KL, Lillis J, Thomas JG, Wing RR. Prospective evaluation of internalized weight bias and weight change among successful weight-loss maintainers. Obesity. 2018;26(12):1888–92.PubMed Olson KL, Lillis J, Thomas JG, Wing RR. Prospective evaluation of internalized weight bias and weight change among successful weight-loss maintainers. Obesity. 2018;26(12):1888–92.PubMed
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Phelan SM, Burgess DJ, Yeazel MW, Hellerstedt WL, Griffin JM, Ryn M. Impact of weight bias and stigma on quality of care and outcomes for patients with obesity. Obes Rev. 2015;16:319–26.PubMedPubMedCentral Phelan SM, Burgess DJ, Yeazel MW, Hellerstedt WL, Griffin JM, Ryn M. Impact of weight bias and stigma on quality of care and outcomes for patients with obesity. Obes Rev. 2015;16:319–26.PubMedPubMedCentral
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Bombak AE, McPhail D, Ward P. Reproducing stigma: interpreting “overweight” and “obese” women’s experiences of weight-based discrimination in reproductive healthcare. Soc Sci Med. 2016;166:94–101.PubMed Bombak AE, McPhail D, Ward P. Reproducing stigma: interpreting “overweight” and “obese” women’s experiences of weight-based discrimination in reproductive healthcare. Soc Sci Med. 2016;166:94–101.PubMed
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Lui M, Jones CA, Westby MD. Effect of non-surgical, non-pharmacological weight loss interventions in patients who are obese prior to hip and knee arthroplasty surgery: a rapid review. Syst Rev. 2015;4:121.PubMedPubMedCentral Lui M, Jones CA, Westby MD. Effect of non-surgical, non-pharmacological weight loss interventions in patients who are obese prior to hip and knee arthroplasty surgery: a rapid review. Syst Rev. 2015;4:121.PubMedPubMedCentral
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Tewksbury C, Williams NN, Dumon KR, Sarwer DB. Preoperative medical weight management in bariatric surgery: a review and reconsideration. Obes Surg. 2017;27:208–14.PubMedPubMedCentral Tewksbury C, Williams NN, Dumon KR, Sarwer DB. Preoperative medical weight management in bariatric surgery: a review and reconsideration. Obes Surg. 2017;27:208–14.PubMedPubMedCentral
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Pillutla V, Maslen H, Savulescu J. Rationing elective surgery for smokers and obese patients: responsibility or prognosis? BMC Med Ethics. 2018;19:28.PubMedPubMedCentral Pillutla V, Maslen H, Savulescu J. Rationing elective surgery for smokers and obese patients: responsibility or prognosis? BMC Med Ethics. 2018;19:28.PubMedPubMedCentral
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Chopra S, Ranjan P, Singh V, Kumar S, Arora M, Hasan MS, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours: a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(6):2021–30.PubMedPubMedCentral Chopra S, Ranjan P, Singh V, Kumar S, Arora M, Hasan MS, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on lifestyle-related behaviours: a cross-sectional audit of responses from nine hundred and ninety-five participants from India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(6):2021–30.PubMedPubMedCentral
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Zachary Z, Brianna F, Brianna L, Garrett P, Jade W, Alyssa D, et al. Self-quarantine and weight gain related risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2020;14(3):210–6.PubMedPubMedCentral Zachary Z, Brianna F, Brianna L, Garrett P, Jade W, Alyssa D, et al. Self-quarantine and weight gain related risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2020;14(3):210–6.PubMedPubMedCentral
69.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Lamarche B, Brassard D, Lapointe A, Laramée C, Kearney M, Côté M, et al. Changes in diet quality and food security among adults during the COVID-19–related early lockdown: results from NutriQuébec. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021:nqaa363. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa363In a prospective study of adults in the NutriQuebec cohort study, dietary quality improved after the COVID-19 lockdown, particularly among individuals who were younger, had lower education, or had obesity. •• Lamarche B, Brassard D, Lapointe A, Laramée C, Kearney M, Côté M, et al. Changes in diet quality and food security among adults during the COVID-19–related early lockdown: results from NutriQuébec. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021:nqaa363. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1093/​ajcn/​nqaa363In a prospective study of adults in the NutriQuebec cohort study, dietary quality improved after the COVID-19 lockdown, particularly among individuals who were younger, had lower education, or had obesity.
70.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Keel PK, Gomez MM, Harris L, Kennedy GA, Ribeiro J, Joiner TE. Gaining “The Quarantine 15:” perceived versus observed weight changes in college students in the wake of COVID-19. Int J Eat. 2020;53(11):1801–8 In a prospective study of weight change related to the COVID-19 lockdown among undergraduate students, weight and BMI did not significantly change over time, but students perceived weight gain and reported increases in weight-related distress. •• Keel PK, Gomez MM, Harris L, Kennedy GA, Ribeiro J, Joiner TE. Gaining “The Quarantine 15:” perceived versus observed weight changes in college students in the wake of COVID-19. Int J Eat. 2020;53(11):1801–8 In a prospective study of weight change related to the COVID-19 lockdown among undergraduate students, weight and BMI did not significantly change over time, but students perceived weight gain and reported increases in weight-related distress.
71.
Zurück zum Zitat • Pellegrini M, Ponzo V, Rosato R, Scumaci E, Goitre I, Benso A, et al. Changes in weight and nutritional habits in adults with obesity during the “lockdown” period caused by the COVID-19 virus emergency. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):2016. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12072016This study of 150 Italian adults with obesity enrolled in a weight loss treatment program observed an average reported weight gain from March to April 2020 of 1.5 kilograms, with a range from -7 to +10 kilograms.CrossRefPubMedCentral • Pellegrini M, Ponzo V, Rosato R, Scumaci E, Goitre I, Benso A, et al. Changes in weight and nutritional habits in adults with obesity during the “lockdown” period caused by the COVID-19 virus emergency. Nutrients. 2020;12(7):2016. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​nu12072016This study of 150 Italian adults with obesity enrolled in a weight loss treatment program observed an average reported weight gain from March to April 2020 of 1.5 kilograms, with a range from -7 to +10 kilograms.CrossRefPubMedCentral
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Carroll N, Sadowski A, Laila A, Hruska V, Nixon M, Ma DWL, et al. The impact of COVID-19 on health behavior, stress, financial and food security among middle to high income Canadian families with young children. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2352.PubMedCentral Carroll N, Sadowski A, Laila A, Hruska V, Nixon M, Ma DWL, et al. The impact of COVID-19 on health behavior, stress, financial and food security among middle to high income Canadian families with young children. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2352.PubMedCentral
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Robinson E, Gillespie S, Jones A. Weight-related lifestyle behaviours and the COVID-19 crisis: an online survey study of UK adults during social lockdown. Obes Sci Pract. 2020. Adv Online Publ. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/osp4.442. Robinson E, Gillespie S, Jones A. Weight-related lifestyle behaviours and the COVID-19 crisis: an online survey study of UK adults during social lockdown. Obes Sci Pract. 2020. Adv Online Publ. 2020. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​osp4.​442.
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Pietrobelli A, Pecoraro L, Ferruzzi A, Heo M, Faith M, Zoller T, et al. Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle behaviors in children with obesity living in Verona, Italy: a longitudinal study. Obesity. 2020;28(8):1382–5.PubMed Pietrobelli A, Pecoraro L, Ferruzzi A, Heo M, Faith M, Zoller T, et al. Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle behaviors in children with obesity living in Verona, Italy: a longitudinal study. Obesity. 2020;28(8):1382–5.PubMed
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Sanchis-Gomar F, Lippi G, Lavie CJ. Why is COVID-19 especially impacting the African American population? Ann Med. 2020;52(7):331–3.PubMedPubMedCentral Sanchis-Gomar F, Lippi G, Lavie CJ. Why is COVID-19 especially impacting the African American population? Ann Med. 2020;52(7):331–3.PubMedPubMedCentral
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Cai Q, Chen F, Wang T, Luo F, Liu X, Wu Q, et al. Obesity and COVID-19 severity in a designated hospital in Shenzhen. China. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):1392–8.PubMed Cai Q, Chen F, Wang T, Luo F, Liu X, Wu Q, et al. Obesity and COVID-19 severity in a designated hospital in Shenzhen. China. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):1392–8.PubMed
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Peng YD, Meng K, Guan HQ, Leng L, Zhu RR, Wang BY, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients infected by 2019-nCoV. Chinese J Cardiol. 2020;48(6):450–5. Peng YD, Meng K, Guan HQ, Leng L, Zhu RR, Wang BY, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of 112 cardiovascular disease patients infected by 2019-nCoV. Chinese J Cardiol. 2020;48(6):450–5.
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Lighter J, Phillips M, Hochman S, Sterling S, Johnson D, Francois F, et al. Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(15):896–7.PubMed Lighter J, Phillips M, Hochman S, Sterling S, Johnson D, Francois F, et al. Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(15):896–7.PubMed
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Gao F, Zheng KI, Wang XB, Sun QF, Pan KH, Wang TY, et al. Obesity is a risk factor for greater COVID-19 severity. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):e72–4.PubMed Gao F, Zheng KI, Wang XB, Sun QF, Pan KH, Wang TY, et al. Obesity is a risk factor for greater COVID-19 severity. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):e72–4.PubMed
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Dietz W, Santos-Burgoa C. Obesity and its implications for COVID-19 mortality. Obesity. 2020;28(6):1005–6.PubMed Dietz W, Santos-Burgoa C. Obesity and its implications for COVID-19 mortality. Obesity. 2020;28(6):1005–6.PubMed
87.
Zurück zum Zitat UK policy targeting obesity during a pandemic - the right approach? Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020;16(11):609. 10.1038/s41574-020-00420-x. UK policy targeting obesity during a pandemic - the right approach? Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020;16(11):609. 10.1038/s41574-020-00420-x.
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Mensinger JL, Tylka TL, Calamari ME. Mechanisms underlying weight status and healthcare avoidance in women: a study of weight stigma, body-related shame and guilt, and healthcare stress. Body Image. 2018;25:139–47.PubMed Mensinger JL, Tylka TL, Calamari ME. Mechanisms underlying weight status and healthcare avoidance in women: a study of weight stigma, body-related shame and guilt, and healthcare stress. Body Image. 2018;25:139–47.PubMed
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Schvey NA, Puhl RM, Brownell KD. The impact of weight stigma on caloric consumption. Obesity. 2011;19(10):1957–62.PubMed Schvey NA, Puhl RM, Brownell KD. The impact of weight stigma on caloric consumption. Obesity. 2011;19(10):1957–62.PubMed
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Brownell KD, Kersh R, Ludwig DS, Post RC, Puhl RM, Schwartz MB, et al. Personal responsibility and obesity: a constructive approach to a controversial issue. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010;29(3):379–87. Brownell KD, Kersh R, Ludwig DS, Post RC, Puhl RM, Schwartz MB, et al. Personal responsibility and obesity: a constructive approach to a controversial issue. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010;29(3):379–87.
93.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Le Brocq S, Clare K, Bryant M, Roberts K, Tahrani AA. writing group form Obesity UK et al. Obesity and COVID-19: a call for action from people living with obesity. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;8(8):652–4 People living with obesity express fears about contracting COVID-19 and being able to receive proper medical care. They also recognize weight stigma in media coverage of the pandemic.PubMedPubMedCentral •• Le Brocq S, Clare K, Bryant M, Roberts K, Tahrani AA. writing group form Obesity UK et al. Obesity and COVID-19: a call for action from people living with obesity. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;8(8):652–4 People living with obesity express fears about contracting COVID-19 and being able to receive proper medical care. They also recognize weight stigma in media coverage of the pandemic.PubMedPubMedCentral
94.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Puhl RM, Lessard LM, Larson N, Eisenberg ME, Neumark-Sztainer D. Weight stigma as a predictor of distress and maladaptive eating behaviors during COVID-19: longitudinal findings from the EAT Study. Ann Behav Med. 2020;54(10):738–46 Past experience of weight teasing was prospectively associated with more binge eating during the COVID-19 pandemic, above and beyond pre-pandemic binge eating. Heightened vulnerability to psychological distress during the pandemic among individuals who had experienced weight teasing remained consistent with pre-pandemic reports.PubMedPubMedCentral •• Puhl RM, Lessard LM, Larson N, Eisenberg ME, Neumark-Sztainer D. Weight stigma as a predictor of distress and maladaptive eating behaviors during COVID-19: longitudinal findings from the EAT Study. Ann Behav Med. 2020;54(10):738–46 Past experience of weight teasing was prospectively associated with more binge eating during the COVID-19 pandemic, above and beyond pre-pandemic binge eating. Heightened vulnerability to psychological distress during the pandemic among individuals who had experienced weight teasing remained consistent with pre-pandemic reports.PubMedPubMedCentral
95.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Sutin AR, Robinson E, Daly M, Gerend MA, Stephan Y, Luchetti M, et al. BMI, weight discrimination, and psychological, behavioral, and interpersonal responses to the coronavirus pandemic. Obesity. 2020;28:1590–4 Pre-pandemic experiences of weight discrimination were associated with greater concerns about COVID-19, greater engagement in preventive behaviors, less trust in institutions, and declines in feelings of social connectedness.PubMed •• Sutin AR, Robinson E, Daly M, Gerend MA, Stephan Y, Luchetti M, et al. BMI, weight discrimination, and psychological, behavioral, and interpersonal responses to the coronavirus pandemic. Obesity. 2020;28:1590–4 Pre-pandemic experiences of weight discrimination were associated with greater concerns about COVID-19, greater engagement in preventive behaviors, less trust in institutions, and declines in feelings of social connectedness.PubMed
96.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Sutin AR, Stephan Y, Luchetti M, Aschwanden D, Strickhouser JE, Lee JH, et al. Body mass index, weight discrimination, and the trajectory of distress and well-being across the coronavirus pandemic. Obesity. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23048Individuals with a history of experiencing weight discrimination reported small but significantly greater reductions in some aspects of psychosocial well-being relative to individuals who did not report experiencing weight discrimination. •• Sutin AR, Stephan Y, Luchetti M, Aschwanden D, Strickhouser JE, Lee JH, et al. Body mass index, weight discrimination, and the trajectory of distress and well-being across the coronavirus pandemic. Obesity. 2020. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​oby.​23048Individuals with a history of experiencing weight discrimination reported small but significantly greater reductions in some aspects of psychosocial well-being relative to individuals who did not report experiencing weight discrimination.
Metadaten
Titel
Weight Bias During the COVID-19 Pandemic
verfasst von
Rebecca L. Pearl
Erica M. Schulte
Publikationsdatum
18.03.2021
Verlag
Springer US
Schlagwort
COVID-19
Erschienen in
Current Obesity Reports / Ausgabe 2/2021
Elektronische ISSN: 2162-4968
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-021-00432-2

Kompaktes Leitlinien-Wissen Innere Medizin (Link öffnet in neuem Fenster)

Mit medbee Pocketcards schnell und sicher entscheiden.
Leitlinien-Wissen kostenlos und immer griffbereit auf ihrem Desktop, Handy oder Tablet.

Neu im Fachgebiet Innere Medizin

Lp(a) zur Risikoeinschätzung bei Thoraxschmerzen

Der Lp(a)-Wert kann dazu beitragen, bei stabilen Patienten mit neu aufgetretenen Thoraxschmerzen und ohne KHK-Diagnose die Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Vorliegen von Koronarstenosen abzuschätzen.

Finerenon bei eGFR-Verlust nicht gleich absetzen!

Der Mineralokortikoid-Rezeptor-Antagonist Finerenon verbessert die Prognose bei Herzinsuffizienz mit leicht reduzierter oder erhaltener Ejektionsfraktion. Ein Rückgang der eGFR zu Beginn der Therapie scheint diese Wirkung nicht wesentlich zu mindern.

Polypen bei nahen Verwandten – erhöhtes Darmkrebsrisiko

Werden bei erstgradigen Verwandten gutartige Darmpolypen identifiziert, ist das Risiko, selbst an einem Kolorektalkarzinom zu erkranken, deutlich erhöht – vor allem das für eine früh beginnende Erkrankung. Hier könnte sich eine frühe Koloskopie besonders lohnen.

Verbände und Cremes gegen Dekubitus: „Wir wissen nicht, was sie bringen!“

Die Datenlage zur Wirksamkeit von Verbänden oder topischen Mitteln zur Prävention von Druckgeschwüren sei schlecht, so die Verfasser einer aktuellen Cochrane-Studie. Letztlich bleibe es unsicher, ob solche Maßnahmen den Betroffenen nutzen oder schaden.

EKG Essentials: EKG befunden mit System (Link öffnet in neuem Fenster)

In diesem CME-Kurs können Sie Ihr Wissen zur EKG-Befundung anhand von zwölf Video-Tutorials auffrischen und 10 CME-Punkte sammeln.
Praxisnah, relevant und mit vielen Tipps & Tricks vom Profi.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.