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01.12.2021 | COVID-19 | Nutrition and Obesity (S McClave and E Omer, Section Editors) Zur Zeit gratis

When Pandemics Collide: the Interplay of Obesity and COVID-19

verfasst von: Manpreet S. Mundi, Jayshil J. Patel, Osman Mohamed Elfadil, Jalpan Patel, Ishani Patel, Sanjeev Nanda, Ryan T. Hurt

Erschienen in: Current Gastroenterology Reports | Ausgabe 12/2021

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to those with advanced age and co-morbidities such as heart disease or cancer, obese individuals have also had very high rates of hospitalization, critical illness, need for ventilator support, as well as mortality. A number of factors associated with obesity have led to devastating consequences as these two pandemics have interacted.

Recent Findings

Obese individuals through a combination of structural and cellular level changes have greater risk of ischemic heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and respiratory disease, which are themselves risk-factors for acquiring COVID-19 disease. These structural changes also result in increased intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic pressure as well as a restrictive lung physiology that leads to reduction in total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and increase in airway hyper-reactivity. Adipose tissue is also impacted in obese individuals leading to local as well as systemic inflammation, which can contribute to increased release of free fatty acids and systemic insulin resistance. Additionally, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and dipeptidyl peptidase 4, which act as receptors for SARS-CoV-2 are also significantly increased in obese individuals.

Summary

The present manuscript reviews these structural, immune, and molecular changes associated with obesity that make obese individuals more vulnerable to acquiring severe COVID-19 and more challenging to manage associated complications.

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Titel: When Pandemics Collide: the Interplay of Obesity and COVID-19
verfasst von: Manpreet S. Mundi
Jayshil J. Patel
Osman Mohamed Elfadil
Jalpan Patel
Ishani Patel
Sanjeev Nanda
Ryan T. Hurt
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2021
Verlag: Springer US
Schlagwort: COVID-19
Erschienen in: Current Gastroenterology Reports / Ausgabe 12/2021
Print ISSN: 1522-8037
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-312X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-021-00822-5

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When Pandemics Collide: the Interplay of Obesity and COVID-19

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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