01.12.2017 | Research article | Ausgabe 1/2017 Open Access

D-dimer is an essential accompaniment of circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer
- Zeitschrift:
- BMC Cancer > Ausgabe 1/2017
Background
Methods
Cell culture
Animal experiments
Patients
D-dimer assays
CTC counts
Statistical analysis
Result
Plasma D-dimer in vivo model
Levels of FIB and FDP in vivo model
Patient data
Variable
|
No of case
|
CTC-positive (%)
|
D-dimer
|
CEA
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender
|
||||
Male
|
34
|
10 (29.41%)
|
1.10 (0.58–2.35)
|
2.80 (1.58–19.53)
|
Female
|
7
|
3 (42.85%)
|
1.30 (0.50–3.30)
|
4.21 (1.63–19.46)
|
Age
|
||||
≤ 61
|
19
|
7 (36.84%)
|
1.30 (0.50–3.50)
|
2.79 (1.38–19.46)
|
>61
|
22
|
6 (27.27%)
|
1.05 (0.70–1.77)
|
3.15 (1.70–10.25)
|
Histological Grade
|
||||
G1–G2
|
14
|
4 (28.57%)
|
0.85 (0.48–1.62)
|
4.27 (2.92–25.30)
|
G3–G4
|
27
|
9 (33.33%)
|
1.30 (0.70–3.30)
|
2.25 (1.38–5.46)
|
TNM Stage
|
||||
IIIB
|
11
|
0
|
0.50 (0.30–1.10)
|
4.34 (2.16–19.46)
|
IV
|
30
|
13
|
1.50 (0.87–3.35)
|
2.43 (1.58–10.25)
|
Metastasis
|
||||
M0
|
20
|
3
|
0.95 (0.50–1.65)
|
2.60 (1.39–14.59)
|
M1
|
16
|
6
|
1.10 (0.62–2.12)
|
2.99 (1.78–39.44)
|
M2
|
5
|
4
|
7.10 (2.45–26.80)
|
4.70 (1.56–64.81)
|
Surgery
|
||||
R0
|
20
|
3
|
1.00 (0.35–1.65)
|
2.50 (1.39–4.76)
|
R1
|
15
|
7
|
1.60 (0.70–3.80)
|
2.96 (1.63–17.83)
|
Other
|
6
|
2
|
1.40 (0.80–9.35)
|
28.11 (2.40–157.25)
|
Variable
|
P (CTC)
|
P (D-dimer)
|
P (CEA)
|
---|---|---|---|
Gender
|
0.424
|
0.973
|
0.721
|
Age
|
0.589
|
0.799
|
0.119
|
Histological Grade
|
0.513
|
0.235
|
0.07
|
TNM Stage
|
0.012*
|
0.002**
|
0.487
|
Metastasis
|
0.014*
|
0.021*
|
0.315
|
The association between D-dimer and CTCs
Prognostic Variable
|
No. case (survival rate)
|
Median survival time (m)
|
95% CI
|
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|
D-dimer
|
||||
≥ 1.5 mg/l
|
13 (15.4%)
|
11
|
6.6–21
|
0.022*
|
<1.5 mg/l
|
16 (43.8%)
|
19
|
11.2–26.8
|
|
CTC
|
||||
≥ 2
|
10 (20.0%)
|
10
|
4.8–15.2
|
0.136
|
<2
|
19 (36.8%)
|
19
|
11.9–26.0
|
|
CEA
|
||||
≥ 3.4 μg/ml
|
11 (9.1%)
|
14
|
6.7–21.3
|
0.068
|
<3.4 μg/ml
|
18 (44.4%)
|
19
|
0.29–37.7
|
|
Metastais
|
||||
Negative
|
15 (26.7%)
|
13
|
9.2–16.8
|
0.602
|
Positive
|
14 (35.7%)
|
17
|
10.9–23.1
|