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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 12/2003

01.12.2003 | Übersicht

Das trigeminovaskuläre System des Menschen

Zerebraler Blutfluss, funktionelle Bildgebung und primäre Kopfschmerzen

verfasst von: Dr. A. May

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 12/2003

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Zusammenfassung

Primäre Kopfschmerzsyndrome wie Cluster-Kopfschmerz und Migräne werden nach wie vor vaskuläre Kopfschmerzen genannt, obwohl die klinische Evidenz beider Syndrome darauf hinweist, dass sie primär zentral, d. h. vom Gehirn selber gesteuert werden. Das gemeinsame anatomische und physiologische Substrat ist die neurale Innervation der kraniellen Gefäße. Funktionelle Bildgebung mittels PET zeigte erstmalig eine Aktivierung des Hirnstammes in der Migräne und des Hypothalamus im Cluster-Kopfschmerz. Es ist anzunehmen, dass diese zentralen Areale in den Schmerzprozess eher in Form eines Auslösers oder Triggers eingreifen, als eine schlichte Schmerzreaktion auf einen trigeminal nozizeptiven Impuls zu sein. Der folgende Übersichtsartikel wird die Entwicklung unseres Verständnisses der Physiologie des trigeminovaskulären Systems aufzeigen, welche unsere Erwägungen über die neuralen Einflüsse vieler primärer Kopfschmerzen und auch die Überlegungen der Physiologie der neuronalen Innervation der kranialen Zirkulation beeinflusst. Aufgrund der bekannten Physiologie und Pathophysiologie des beteiligten Systems wird vorgeschlagen, dass diese Syndrome zutreffender als neurovaskuläre Kopfschmerzen verstanden werden sollten, um die Interaktion zwischen den Nerven und den Gefäßen, welche das zugrunde liegende Charakteristika dieser Syndrome ist, zu unterstreichen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Das trigeminovaskuläre System des Menschen
Zerebraler Blutfluss, funktionelle Bildgebung und primäre Kopfschmerzen
verfasst von
Dr. A. May
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2003
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 12/2003
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-003-1578-2

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