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2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

11. Antiinfektiva während der Schwangerschaft und im Wochenbett

verfasst von : Stephanie Padberg, Christof Schaefer, PD Dr. med.

Erschienen in: Infektionserkrankungen der Schwangeren und des Neugeborenen

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Bakterielle Infektionen können nicht nur die Mutter gefährden, sondern auch den Verlauf der Schwangerschaft komplizieren. Falls bei einer Schwangeren eine medikamentöse antiinfektive Behandlung erforderlich ist, richtet sich diese primär nach der Empfindlichkeit der zu erwartenden Keime. Nach heutigem Kenntnisstand hat sich keines der länger eingeführten Antiinfektiva als ernsthaft entwicklungstoxisch für den Embryo oder Feten gezeigt. Zwar wurden von einzelnen Autoren Signale erörtert, die z. B. auf eine leicht erhöhte Rate von Herzseptumdefekten und Pylorusstenosen nach Behandlung der Mutter mit Erythromycin im 1. Trimenon hindeuteten, doch konnte ein solcher Verdacht bisher nicht erhärtet werden. Wie bei anderen Erkrankungen auch sollten nicht nur während einer Gravidität, sondern auch wegen einer häufig ungeplant entstehenden Schwangerschaft generell im gebärfähigen Alter ausreichend erprobte Arzneimittel bevorzugt werden. Neue Medikamente sind den älteren oft keineswegs überlegen und ihre Verträglichkeit für das Ungeborene ist nicht zu beurteilen. Antibiotika der ersten Wahl sind in allen Phasen der Schwangerschaft Penicilline und Cephalosporine. Als Alternative, z. B. bei Allergie, stehen Makrolide zur Verfügung. Im Fall von vital bedrohlichen Infektionen, insbesondere mit Problemkeimen, kann eine Therapie mit schlechter erprobten oder für die Schwangerschaft suspekten Antibiotika erforderlich werden. Dabei überwiegt der therapeutische Nutzen in den meisten Fällen das potenzielle Risiko für das ungeborene Kind.
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Metadaten
Titel
Antiinfektiva während der Schwangerschaft und im Wochenbett
verfasst von
Stephanie Padberg
Christof Schaefer, PD Dr. med.
Copyright-Jahr
2013
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78325-1_11

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