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Erschienen in: Herz 2/2021

17.02.2021 | Apoplex | CME

Diagnose und Therapie des akuten ischämischen Insults

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. H. C. Diener, Prof. Dr. R. Wachter

Erschienen in: Herz | Ausgabe 2/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Beim Schlaganfall wird zwischen der transitorischen ischämischen Attacke (TIA), dem manifesten ischämischen Infarkt und zerebralen Blutungen unterschieden. Die zerebrale Ischämie kann bedingt sein durch Makroangiopathie, zerebrale Mikroangiopathie, embolische Ursachen oder seltene Ursachen bzw. Schlaganfälle ungeklärter Ätiologie. Die Akutdiagnostik umfasst den neurologischen Befund, Computer- (CT) und/oder Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) mit Angiographie, Elektrokardiogramm (EKG) und Labordiagnostik. Die Basistherapie von Patienten mit TIA oder akutem ischämischen Infarkt erfolgt auf der Stroke Unit und umfasst die Überwachung der Atem- und der Herzfunktion, die Behandlung einer potenziellen Herzinsuffizienz, die Erfassung von Schluckstörungen, eine Thromboembolieprophylaxe, die Kontrolle von Blutdruck und erhöhten Blutzuckerwerten sowie die Senkung einer erhöhten Körpertemperatur. Bei Patienten mit kardioembolischen Infarkten wird in Abhängigkeit von der Schwere des Schlaganfalls und der Größe in der Bildgebung eine orale Antikoagulation begonnen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Diagnose und Therapie des akuten ischämischen Insults
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. H. C. Diener
Prof. Dr. R. Wachter
Publikationsdatum
17.02.2021

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