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Erschienen in: Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 1/2022

14.10.2021 | Hypoxämie | Leitlinien und Empfehlungen

Sauerstoff in der Akuttherapie beim Erwachsenen

Kurzversion der S3-Leitlinie

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Jens Gottlieb, Philipp Capetian, Uwe Hamsen, Uwe Janssens, Christian Karagiannidis, Stefan Kluge, Marco König, Andreas Markewitz, Monika Nothacker, Sabrina Roiter, Susanne Unverzagt, Wolfgang Veit, Thomas Volk, Christian Witt, René Wildenauer, Heinrich Worth, Thomas Fühner

Erschienen in: Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin | Ausgabe 1/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Sauerstoff (O2) ist ein Arzneimittel mit spezifischen Eigenschaften, einem definierten Dosis-Wirkungs-Bereich und O2 hat unerwünschte Wirkungen. Im Jahr 2015 wurden 14 % einer Stichprobe von britischen Krankenhauspatienten mit Sauerstoff behandelt, davon hatten nur 42 % eine Verordnung. Gesundheitspersonal ist häufig unsicher über die Relevanz einer Hypoxämie und es besteht ein eingeschränktes Bewusstsein für die Risiken einer Hyperoxämie. In den letzten Jahren wurden zahlreiche randomisierte, kontrollierte Studien zur Sauerstofftherapie veröffentlicht.

Methoden

Im Rahmen des Leitlinienprogramms der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften e. V. (AWMF) wurde unter Beteiligung von 10 Fachgesellschaften diese S3-Leitlinie auf Basis einer Literaturrecherche bis zum 01.02.2021 entwickelt. Zur Literaturbewertung wurde das System des Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM; „The Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence“) verwendet. Die Bewertung der Evidenzqualität erfolgte anhand des Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) und die Leitlinienempfehlungen wurden formal konsentiert.

Ergebnisse

Die Leitlinie enthält 34 evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen zu Indikation, Verordnung, Überwachung und Abbruch der Sauerstofftherapie in der Akutversorgung. Die Indikation für Sauerstoff ist hauptsächlich die Hypoxämie. Hypoxämie und Hyperoxämie sollten aufgrund der Assoziation mit einer erhöhten Sterblichkeit vermieden werden. Die Leitlinie empfiehlt Zielbereiche der Sauerstoffsättigung für die Sauerstoff-Akuttherapie ohne Differenzierung zwischen verschiedenen Diagnosen. Zielbereiche sind abhängig vom Hyperkapnierisiko und Beatmungsstatus. Die Leitlinie bietet einen Überblick über verfügbare Sauerstoffzufuhrsysteme und enthält Empfehlungen für deren Auswahl basierend auf Patientensicherheit und -komfort.

Fazit

Dies ist die erste nationale Leitlinie zum Einsatz von Sauerstoff in der Akutmedizin. Sie richtet sich an medizinisches Fachpersonal, das Sauerstoff außerklinisch und stationär anwendet, und ist bis zum 30.06.2024 gültig.
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Metadaten
Titel
Sauerstoff in der Akuttherapie beim Erwachsenen
Kurzversion der S3-Leitlinie
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Jens Gottlieb
Philipp Capetian
Uwe Hamsen
Uwe Janssens
Christian Karagiannidis
Stefan Kluge
Marco König
Andreas Markewitz
Monika Nothacker
Sabrina Roiter
Susanne Unverzagt
Wolfgang Veit
Thomas Volk
Christian Witt
René Wildenauer
Heinrich Worth
Thomas Fühner
Publikationsdatum
14.10.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter
Hypoxämie
Pflege
Erschienen in
Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin / Ausgabe 1/2022
Print ISSN: 2193-6218
Elektronische ISSN: 2193-6226
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-021-00884-3

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