Background
Materials and methods
Patients
Clinical data collection
CT image acquisition and review
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline characteristics of COVID-19 patients
Clinical and CT imaging feature comparison between the symptomatic and asymptomatic infection groups
Features | Symptomatic (n=69) | Asymptomatic (n=10) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | 0.962a | ||
Male# | 38(55.1%) | 6(60.0%) | |
Female# | 31(44.9%) | 4(40.0%) | |
Age | 42.2±13.9 | 38.8±17.1 | 0.484b |
Course of disease | 2.51±2.63 | 2.40±2.37 | 0.903b |
Clinical type | 0.001c* | ||
Mild# | 6(8.7%) | 5(50.0%) | |
Moderate# | 56(81.2%) | 5(50.0%) | |
Severe# | 7(10.1%) | 0(0.0%) | |
Re-detectable of RNA after discharged | 1.00a | ||
Negative# | 63(91.3%) | 9(90.0%) | |
Positive# | 6(8.70%) | 1(10.0%) | |
Hospitalization days | 16.6±6.71 | 12.0±5.85 | 0.043b* |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion | 13.0±6.56 | 10.4±5.93 | 0.237b |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion category | 0.319c | ||
< 7 days# | 9(13.0%) | 1(10.0%) | |
7 days~ 14 days# | 35(50.7%) | 8(80.0%) | |
14 days~ 21 days# | 22(31.9%) | 0(0.0%) | |
> 21 days# | 3(4.4%) | 1(10.0%) | |
WBC count (×109/L) | 5.51±2.50 | 4.95±1.90 | 0.502b |
Lymphocyte count | 1.30±0.87 | 1.37±0.39 | 0.813b |
Lymphocyte rate (%) | 24.4±11.2 | 30.7±11.7 | 0.100b |
Neutrophil count(×109/L) | 3.70±2.27 | 3.15±1.89 | 0.469b |
Neutrophil rate (%) | 65.0±14.8 | 60.2±11.6 | 0.328b |
Features | Symptomatic (n=69) | Asymptomatic (n=10) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Overall condition of lesions | < 0.001c* | ||
Normal# | 6(8.7%) | 5(50.0%) | |
Single# | 4(5.8%) | 2(20.0%) | |
Multiple# | 59(85.5%) | 3(30.0%) | |
Total number of GGO inperipheral area | |||
Pure GGO | 5.36±7.28 | 0.90±2.18 | < 0.001b* |
Mixed GGO | 4.83±7.05 | 0.50±0.85 | < 0.001b* |
Total number of lesions | |||
Peripheral area | 11.6±13.8 | 1.40±2.22 | < 0.001b* |
Central area | 1.81±4.41 | 0.80±1.93 | 0.478b |
Total scores of involved lung zones | |||
Bilateral lung | 5.26±4.01 | 1.30±1.83 | < 0.001b* |
Right lung | 3.01±2.45 | 0.80±1.23 | < 0.001b* |
Left lung | 2.25±1.86 | 0.50±0.71 | < 0.001b* |
Number of lobes affected | |||
Right lung | 1.93±1.15 | 0.80±1.23 | 0.005b* |
Left lung | 1.39±0.79 | 0.50±0.71 | 0.001b* |
Total scores of bilateral lung category | 0.002a* | ||
< 3 scores# | 18(26.1%) | 8(80.0%) | |
≥3 scores# | 51(73.9%) | 2(20.0%) | |
Pure GGO category | 0.021a* | ||
Negative# | 14(20.3%) | 6(60.0%) | |
Positive# | 55(79.7%) | 4(40.0%) | |
Pure GGO in peripheral area category | 0.003a* | ||
Negative# | 14(20.3%) | 7(70.0%) | |
Positive# | 55(79.7%) | 3(30.0%) | |
Mixed GGO category | 0.003a* | ||
Negative# | 14(20.3%) | 7(70.0%) | |
Positive# | 55(79.7%) | 3(30.0%) | |
Mixed GGO in peripheral area category | 0.008a* | ||
Negative# | 16(23.2%) | 7(70.0%) | |
Positive# | 53(76.8%) | 3(30.0%) |
Clinical feature comparison between the CT-negative and CT-positive patient groups
Features | CT- negative (n=11) | CT-positive (n=68) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | 0.807a | ||
Male# | 6(54.5%) | 38(55.9%) | |
Female# | 5(45.5%) | 30(44.1%) | |
Age | 29.8±11.9 | 43.7±13.8 | 0.002b* |
Course of disease | 2.09±2.26 | 2.56±2.64 | 0.580b |
Clinical types | < 0.001c* | ||
Mild# | 11(100%) | 0(0.0%) | |
Moderate# | 0(0.0%) | 61(89.7%) | |
Severe# | 0(0.0%) | 7(10.3%) | |
Symptoms | 0.002a* | ||
Symptomatic# | 6(54.5%) | 63(92.6%) | |
Asymptomatic# | 5(45.5%) | 5(7.4%) | |
Re-detectable of RNA after discharged | 1.00a | ||
Negative# | 10(90.9%) | 62(91.2%) | |
Positive# | 1(9.1%) | 6(8.8%) | |
Hospitalization days | 12.6±6.01 | 16.6±6.74 | 0.065b |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion | 9.73±5.80 | 13.2±6.53 | 0.105b |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion category | 0.056c | ||
< 7 days# | 3(27.3%) | 7(10.3%) | |
7 days to 14 days# | 7(63.6%) | 36(52.9%) | |
14 days to 21 days# | 0(0.0%) | 22(32.4%) | |
> 21 days# | 1(9.1%) | 3(4.4%) | |
WBC count (×109/L) | 6.22±2.24 | 5.31±2.45 | 0.249b |
Lymphocyte count | 2.23±1.48 | 1.16±0.55 | 0.038b* |
Lymphocyte rate (%) | 33.5±13.2 | 23.8±10.5 | 0.008b* |
Neutrophil count(×109/L) | 3.59±1.82 | 3.64±2.30 | 0.955b |
Neutrophil rate (%) | 57.1±13.9 | 65.6±14.3 | 0.070b |
Clinical and CT imaging feature comparison between the NRP and RP patient groups
Features | NRP patients (n=72) | RP patients(n=7) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | |||
Male# | 40(55. 6%) | 4(57.1%) | 0.751a |
Female# | 32(44.4%) | 3(42.9%) | |
Age | 41.9±13.8 | 41.0±19.8 | 0.880b |
Course of disease | 2.50±2.58 | 2.43±2.82 | 0.950b |
Clinical types | 0.604c | ||
Mild# | 10(13.9%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Moderate# | 55(76.4%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Severe# | 7(9.70%) | 0(0.0%) | |
Symptoms | 1.00a | ||
Symptomatic# | 63(87.5%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Asymptomatic# | 9(12.5%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Hospitalization days | 15.8±6.86 | 18.3±5.35 | 0.357b |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion | 12.4±6.58 | 15.3±5.38 | 0.270b |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion category | 0.096c | ||
< 7 days# | 10(13.9%) | 0(0.0%) | |
7 days to 14 days# | 40(55.6%) | 3(42.8%) | |
14 days to 21 days# | 19(26.4%) | 3(42.9%) | |
> 21 days# | 3(4.1%) | 1(14.3%) | |
WBC count (× 109/L) | 5.28±2.30 | 7.07±3.29 | 0.062b |
Lymphocyte count | 1.32±0.86 | 1.22±0.38 | 0.763b |
Lymphocyte rate (%) | 25.6±11.4 | 21.0±10.4 | 0.313b |
Neutrophil count(×109/L) | 3.48±2.01 | 5.14±3.23 | 0.228b |
Neutrophil rate (%) | 64.4±14.3 | 63.9±17.6 | 0.931b |
Features | NRP patients(n=72) | RP patients(n=7) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Overall condition of lesions | 0.682c | ||
Normal# | 10(13.9%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Single# | 5(6.9%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Multiple# | 57(79.2%) | 5(71.4%) | |
Total number of GGO inperipheral area | |||
Pure GGO | 4.49±6.92 | 8.00±7.53 | 0.207b |
Mixed GGO | 4.46±6.86 | 2.43±5.59 | 0.451b |
Total number of lesions | |||
Peripheral area | 10.1±13.1 | 12.0±16.4 | 0.724b |
Central area | 1.44±2.90 | 4.14±11.0 | 0.103b |
Total scores of involved lung zones | |||
Bilateral lung | 4.93±4.04 | 3.00±3.65 | 0.227b |
Right lung | 2.81±2.45 | 2.00±2.31 | 0.407b |
Left lung | 2.12±1.86 | 1.00±1.41 | 0.125b |
Number of lobes affected | |||
Right lung | 1.82±1.24 | 1.43±0.98 | 0.353b |
Left lung | 1.33±0.82 | 0.71±0.76 | 0.059b |
Total scores of bilateral lung category | 0.064a | ||
< 3 scores# | 21(29.2%) | 5(71.4%) | |
≥3 scores# | 51(70.8%) | 2(28.6%) | |
Pure GGO category | 0.804a | ||
Negative# | 19(26.4%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Positive# | 53(73.6%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Pure GGO in peripheral area category | 0.746a | ||
Negative# | 20(27.8%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Positive# | 52(72.2%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Mixed GGO category | 0.018a* | ||
Negative# | 16(22.2%) | 5(71.4%) | |
Positive# | 56(77. 8%) | 2(28.6%) | |
Mixed GGO in peripheral area category | 0.032a* | ||
Negative# | 18(25.0%) | 5(71.4%) | |
Positive# | 54(75.0%) | 2(28.6%) |
Baseline characteristics of RP patients at first hospitalization and readmission
Features | First hospitalization (n=7) | Re-admission (n=7) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Signs | |||
Fever# | 2(28.6%) | 0(0.0%) | 1.00d |
Cough# | 3(42.9%) | 3(42.9%) | 1.00a |
Fatigue# | 2(28.8%) | 1(14.3%) | 1.00a |
Runny nose# | 1(14.3%) | 0(0.0%) | 1.00d |
Clinical types | 1.00a | ||
Mild# | 1(14.3%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Moderate# | 6(85.7%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Hospitalization days | 18.3±5.35 | 6.57±1.62 | < 0.001b* |
Days of last RNA negative-conversion | 15.3±5.38 | 3.57±1.90 | < 0.001b* |
WBC count (×109/L) | 7.07±3.29 | 6.42±1.51 | 0.642b |
Lymphocyte count | 1.22±0.38 | 1.56±0.39 | 0.124b |
Lymphocyte rate (%) | 21.0±10.4 | 25.3±6.78 | 0.378b |
Neutrophil count(×109/L) | 5.14±3.23 | 3.97±1.20 | 0.385b |
Neutrophil rate (%) | 63.9±17.6 | 62.0±6.51 | 0.791b |
Chest CT | 1.00a | ||
Normal# | 1(14.3%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Abnormal# | 6(85.7%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Total scores of bilateral lung | 3.00±3.65 | 1.14±0.69 | 0.211b |
Pure GGO category | 1.00a | ||
Negative# | 1(14.3%) | 1(14.3%) | |
Positive# | 6(85.7%) | 6(85.7%) | |
Pure GGO in peripheral area category | 1.00a | ||
Negative# | 1(14.3%) | 2(28.6%) | |
Positive# | 6(85.7%) | 5(71.4%) | |
Mixed GGO category | 0.192d | ||
Negative# | 4(57.1%) | 7(100%) | |
Positive# | 3(42.9%) | 0(0.0%) | |
Mixed GGO in peripheral area category | 0.192d | ||
Negative# | 4(57.1%) | 7(100%) | |
Positive# | 3(42.9%) | 0(0.0%) |