Skip to main content
Registrieren
Springer Medizin
SUCHE
MENÜ 1 2 3 4
nach oben
Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 7/2022

08.04.2022 | Allergies and the Environment (T Moran, Section Editor)

Emerging Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Immune-Mediated Asthma Pathogenesis

verfasst von: J. A. Tuazon, B. Kilburg-Basnyat, L. M. Oldfield, R. Wiscovitch-Russo, K. Dunigan-Russell, A. V. Fedulov, K. J. Oestreich, K. M. Gowdy

Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Ausgabe 7/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Increases in ambient levels of air pollutants have been linked to lung inflammation and remodeling, processes that lead to the development and exacerbation of allergic asthma. Conventional research has focused on the role of CD4+ T helper 2 (TH2) cells in the pathogenesis of air pollution-induced asthma. However, much work in the past decade has uncovered an array of air pollution-induced non-TH2 immune mechanisms that contribute to allergic airway inflammation and disease.

Recent Findings

In this article, we review current research demonstrating the connection between common air pollutants and their downstream effects on non-TH2 immune responses emerging as key players in asthma, including PRRs, ILCs, and non-TH2 T cell subsets. We also discuss the proposed mechanisms by which air pollution increases immune-mediated asthma risk, including pre-existing genetic risk, epigenetic alterations in immune cells, and perturbation of the composition and function of the lung and gut microbiomes.

Summary

Together, these studies reveal the multifaceted impacts of various air pollutants on innate and adaptive immune functions via genetic, epigenetic, and microbiome-based mechanisms that facilitate the induction and worsening of asthma.
Literatur
1.
2.
3.
Glencross DA, Ho TR, Camiña N, Hawrylowicz CM, Pfeffer PE. Air pollution and its effects on the immune system. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020;151:56–8. PubMedCrossRef
4.
Holtzman MJ. Asthma as a chronic disease of the innate and adaptive immune systems responding to viruses and allergens. J Clin Invest. 2012;122:2741–8. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
5.
6.
Shen Y, Huang S, Kang J, Lin J, Lai K, Sun Y, et al. Management of airway mucus hypersecretion in chronic airway inflammatory disease: Chinese expert consensus (english edition). Int J COPD. 2018;13:399–407.
7.
• Liu Y, Pan J, Zhang H, Shi C, Li G, Peng Z, et al. Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and asthma mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;200:24–32. ( COMMENT: Case crossover study of 4454 individuals who died from asthma in Hubei province, China, showing short-term exposure to PM 2.5 , NO 2 , and O 3  was positively associated with asthma mortality.) PubMedCrossRef
8.
Vallero D. Fundamentals of air pollution, fifth edition. Fundam. Air Pollution, Fifth Ed. 2014.
9.
U.S. EPA. Integrated science assessment for particulate matter (Final Report). Washington, D.C.; 2016.
10.
11.
Tiotiu AI, Novakova P, Nedeva D, Chong-Neto HJ, Novakova S, Steiropoulos P, et al. Impact of air pollution on asthma outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:6212. PubMedCentralCrossRef
12.
13.
Novak N, Bieber T. Allergic and nonallergic forms of atopic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;112:252–62. PubMedCrossRef
14.
Walker JA, McKenzie ANJ. TH2 cell development and function. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018;18:121–33. PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zhu J. T helper cell differentiation, heterogeneity, and plasticity. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2018;10:a030338.
16.
Holgate ST, Polosa R. Treatment strategies for allergy and asthma. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008;8:218–30. PubMedCrossRef
17.
18.
19.
Froidure A, Shen C, Pilette C. Dendritic cells revisited in human allergic rhinitis and asthma. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;71:137–48. CrossRef
20.
• Li N, Lewandowski RP, Sidhu D, Holz C, Jackson-Humbles D, Eiguren-Fernandez A, et al. Combined adjuvant effects of ambient vapor-phase organic components and particulate matter potently promote allergic sensitization and Th2-skewing cytokine and chemokine milieux in mice: the importance of mechanistic multi-pollutant research. Toxicol Lett [Internet]. 2021;356:21–32. Available from: https://​www.​sciencedirect.​com/​science/​article/​pii/​S037842742100900​0 ( COMMENT: Letter showing the T H 2-skewing effects of concurrent air pollution exposures; findings are likely relevant for other non-T H 2 immune responses.)
21.
Michaeloudes C, Abubakar-Waziri H, Lakhdar R, Raby K, Dixey P, Adcock IM, et al. Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in asthma. Mol Aspects Med. 2021;101026.
22.
Sun N, Niu Y, Zhang R, Huang Y, Wang J, Qiu W, et al. Ozone inhalation induces exacerbation of eosinophilic airway inflammation and Th2-skew immune response in a rat model of AR. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;137:111261.
23.
24.
25.
Wei Q, Liao J, Jiang M, Liu J, Liang X, Nong G. Relationship between Th17-mediated immunity and airway inflammation in childhood neutrophilic asthma. Allergy, Asthma Clin Immunol. 2021;17:4. CrossRef
26.
27.
Iman M, Rezaei R, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S, Shariati P, Kheradmand F, Salimian J. Th17/Treg immunoregulation and implications in treatment of sulfur mustard gas-induced lung diseases. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2017;13:1173–88. PubMedCrossRef
28.
Hu Y, Chen Z, Zeng J, Zheng S, Sun L, Zhu L, et al. Th17/Treg imbalance is associated with reduced indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase activity in childhood allergic asthma. Allergy, Asthma Clin Immunol. 2020;16:61. CrossRef
29.
Zhou J, Xu J, Geng F, Peng L, Ye X, Yang D, et al. Childhood co-exposure of cold stress and PM2.5 aggravates the susceptibility and severity of asthma in adulthood of mice. Environ Toxicol. 2021;36:177–84.
30.
Brandt EB, Kovacic MB, Lee GB, Gibson AM, Acciani TH, Le Cras TD, et al. Diesel exhaust particle induction of IL-17A contributes to severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;132:1194–204. PubMedCrossRef
31.
Yao Y, Chen CL, Yu D, Liu Z. Roles of follicular helper and regulatory T cells in allergic diseases and allergen immunotherapy. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;76:456–70. CrossRef
32.
33.
34.
• Gowthaman U, Chen JS, Zhang B, Flynn WF, Lu Y, Song W, et al. Identification of a T follicular helper cell subset that drives anaphylactic IgE. Science (80- ). 2019;365:eaaw6433. ( COMMENT: Suggests T FH populations may be more heavily involved in asthma pathogenesis and exacerbation than previously appreciated.)
35.
Wade-Vallance AK, Allen CD. Intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of IgE B cell responses. Curr Opin Immunol. 2021;72:221–9. PubMedCrossRef
36.
Cui YJ, Chen GH, Wang JL, Ma L, Guo XL, Liao JX, et al. Alterations of CD4+CXCR5+Tfh cells and its transcription regulatory factors in children with asthma. Chinese J Contemp Pediatr. 2014;16:1215–9.
37.
Gong F, Zhu HY, Zhu J, Dong QJ, Huang X, Jiang DJ. Circulating CXCR5 + CD4 + T cells participate in the IgE accumulation in allergic asthma. Immunol Lett. 2018;197:9–14. PubMedCrossRef
38.
Yao Y, Chen CL, Wang N, Wang ZC, Ma J, Zhu RF, et al. Correlation of allergen-specific T follicular helper cell counts with specific IgE levels and efficacy of allergen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;142:321–4. PubMedCrossRef
39.
Yao Y, Wang ZC, Yu D, Liu Z. Role of allergen-specific T-follicular helper cells in immunotherapy. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;18:495–501. PubMedCrossRef
40.
Clement RL, Daccache J, Mohammed MT, Diallo A, Blazar BR, Kuchroo VK, et al. Follicular regulatory T cells control humoral and allergic immunity by restraining early B cell responses. Nat Immunol. 2019;20:1360–71. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
41.
Gong F, Qian C, Zhu H, Zhu J, Pan Y, Dong Q, et al. Circulating follicular T-helper cell subset distribution in patients with asthma. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2016;37:154–61. PubMedCrossRef
42.
Ma QY, Huang DY, Zhang HJ, Wang S, Chen XF. Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) induced macrophage-dependent inflammation, characterized by increased Th1/Th17 cytokine secretion and cytotoxicity. Int Immunopharmacol. 2017;50:139–45.
43.
44.
Aron JL, Akbari O. Regulatory T cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cell-dependent asthma. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;72:1148–55. CrossRef
45.
Roncarlo MG, Gregori S. Is FOXP3 a bona fide marker for human regulatory T cells? Eur J Immunol. 2008;38:925–7. CrossRef
46.
47.
Levings MK, Sangregorio R, Roncarolo MG. Human CD25+CD4+ T regulatory cells suppress naive and memory T cell proliferation and can be expanded in vitro without loss of function. J Exp Med. 2001;193:1295–302. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
48.
Chinen T, Kannan AK, Levine AG, Fan X, Klein U, Zheng Y, et al. An essential role for IL-2 receptor in regulatory T cell function. Nat Immunol. 2016;17:1322–33. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
49.
50.
51.
Lan F, Zhang N, Bachert C, Zhang L. Stability of regulatory T cells in T helper 2–biased allergic airway diseases. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;75:1918–26. CrossRef
52.
Nadeau K, McDonald-Hyman C, Noth EM, Pratt B, Hammond SK, Balmes J, et al. Ambient air pollution impairs regulatory T-cell function in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:845–52. PubMedCrossRef
53.
Rouadi PW, Idriss SA, Naclerio RM, Peden DB, Ansotegui IJ, Canonica GW, et al. Immunopathological features of air pollution and its impact on inflammatory airway diseases (IAD). World allergy organ J. 2020;13:100467.
54.
García-Serna AM, Hernández-Caselles T, Jiménez-Guerrero P, Martín-Orozco E, Pérez-Fernández V, Cantero-Cano E, et al. Air pollution from traffic during pregnancy impairs newborn’s cord blood immune cells: the NELA cohort. Environ Res. 2021;198:110468.
55.
Baïz N, Slama R, Béné MC, Charles MA, Kolopp-Sarda MN, Magnan A, et al. Maternal exposure to air pollution before and during pregnancy related to changes in newborn’s cord blood lymphocyte subpopulations. The EDEN study cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2011;11:87.
56.
Pang DJ, Neves JF, Sumaria N, Pennington DJ. Understanding the complexity of γδ T-cell subsets in mouse and human. Immunology. 2012;136:283–90. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
57.
Zarobkiewicz MK, Wawryk-Gawda E, Kowalska W, Janiszewska M, Bojarska-Junak A. γδ T lymphocytes in asthma: a complicated picture. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2021;69:4. CrossRef
58.
Belkadi A, Dietrich C, Machavoine F, Victor JR, Leite-de-Moraes M. γδ T cells amplify Blomia tropicalis-induced allergic airway disease. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;74:395–8. CrossRef
59.
Tamura-Yamashita K, Endo J, Isogai S, Matsuoka K, Yonekawa H, Yoshizawa Y. γδ T cell is essential for allergen-induced late asthmatic response in a murine model of asthma. J Med Dent Sci. 2008;55:113–20. PubMed
60.
Huang Y, Aydintug MK, Loomis J, MacLeod MK, McKee AS, Kirchenbaum G, et al. Antigen-specific regulation of IgE antibodies by non-antigen–specific γδ T cells. J Immunol. 2013;190:913–21. PubMedCrossRef
61.
Kinyanjui MW, Shan J, Nakada EM, Qureshi ST, Fixman ED. Dose-dependent effects of IL-17 on IL-13–induced airway inflammatory responses and airway hyperresponsiveness. J Immunol. 2013;190:3859–68. PubMedCrossRef
62.
Mathews JA, Krishnamoorthy N, Kasahara DI, Cho Y, Wurmbrand AP, Ribeiro L, et al. IL-33 drives augmented responses to ozone in obese mice. Environ Health Perspect. 2017;125:246–53. PubMedCrossRef
63.
Cong LH, Li T, Wang H, Wu YN, Wang SP, Zhao YY, et al. IL-17A-producing T cells exacerbate fine particulate matter-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated autophagy. J Cell Mol Med. 2020;24:8532–44. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
64.
Che L, Jin Y, Zhang C, Lai T, Zhou H, Xia L, et al. Ozone-induced IL-17A and neutrophilic airway inflammation is orchestrated by the caspase-1-IL-1 cascade. Sci Rep. 2016;6:18680. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
65.
Wirtz S, Schulz-Kuhnt A, Neurath MF, Atreya I. Functional contribution and targeted migration of group-2 innate lymphoid cells in inflammatory lung diseases: being at the right place at the right time. Front Immunol. 2021;12:688879.
66.
Mao K, Baptista AP, Tamoutounour S, Zhuang L, Bouladoux N, Martins AJ, et al. Innate and adaptive lymphocytes sequentially shape the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. Nature. 2018;554:255–9. PubMedCrossRef
67.
68.
Krabbendam L, Bal SM, Spits H, Golebski K. New insights into the function, development, and plasticity of type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Immunol Rev. 2018;286:74–85. PubMedCrossRef
69.
Tynecka M, Radzikowska U, Eljaszewicz A. IL-10-producing innate lymphoid cells: did we find a missing piece of the puzzle? Allergy. 2021;76:3849–51. PubMedCrossRef
70.
Kindermann M, Knipfer L, Atreya I, Wirtz S. ILC2s in infectious diseases and organ-specific fibrosis. Semin Immunopathol. 2018;40:379–92. PubMedCrossRef
71.
Schulz-Kuhnt A, Wirtz S, Neurath MF, Atreya I. Regulation of human innate lymphoid cells in the context of mucosal inflammation. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1062. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
72.
Licona-Limón P, Kim LK, Palm NW, Flavell RA. TH2, allergy and group 2 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Immunol. 2013;14:536–42. PubMedCrossRef
73.
Smith SG, Chen R, Kjarsgaard M, Huang C, Oliveria JP, O’Byrne PM, et al. Increased numbers of activated group 2 innate lymphoid cells in the airways of patients with severe asthma and persistent airway eosinophilia. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;137:75-86.e8. PubMedCrossRef
74.
Bartemes KR, Kephart GM, Fox SJ, Kita H. Enhanced innate type 2 immune response in peripheral blood from patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;134:671-678.e4. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
75.
Christianson CA, Goplen NP, Zafar I, Irvin C, Good JT, Rollins DR, et al. Persistence of asthma requires multiple feedback circuits involving type 2 innate lymphoid cells and IL-33. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136:59-68.e14. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
76.
Jia Y, Fang X, Zhu X, Bai C, Zhu L, Jin M, et al. IL-13+ Type 2 innate lymphoid cells correlate with asthma control status and treatment response. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2016;55:675–83. PubMedCrossRef
77.
Nagakumar P, Puttur F, Gregory LG, Denney L, Fleming L, Bush A, et al. Pulmonary type-2 innate lymphoid cells in paediatric severe asthma: phenotype and response to steroids. Eur Respir J. 2019;54:1801809. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
78.
Kim RY, Rae B, Neal R, Donovan C, Pinkerton J, Balachandran L, et al. Elucidating novel disease mechanisms in severe asthma. Clin Transl Immunol. 2016;5:e91.
79.
Seehus CR, Kadavallore A, La TBD, Yeckes AR, Wang Y, Tang J, et al. Alternative activation generates IL-10 producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Nat Commun. 2017;8:1900. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
80.
Wang S, Xia P, Chen Y, Qu Y, Xiong Z, Ye B, et al. Regulatory innate lymphoid cells control innate intestinal inflammation. Cell. 2017;171:201-216.e18. PubMedCrossRef
81.
Golebski K, Layhadi JA, Sahiner U, Steveling-Klein EH, Lenormand MM, Li RCY, et al. Induction of IL-10-producing type 2 innate lymphoid cells by allergen immunotherapy is associated with clinical response. Immunity. 2021;54:291-307.e7. PubMedCrossRef
82.
Bal SM, Golebski K, Spits H. Plasticity of innate lymphoid cell subsets. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2020.
83.
Yang Q, Ge MQ, Kokalari B, Redai IG, Wang X, Kemeny DM, et al. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells mediate ozone-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;132:571–8. CrossRef
84.
Estrella B, Naumova EN, Cepeda M, Voortman T, Katsikis PD, Drexhage HA. Effects of air pollution on lung innate lymphoid cells: review of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16:2347. PubMedCentralCrossRef
85.
Kumagai K, Lewandowski RP, Jackson-Humbles DN, Buglak N, Li N, White K, et al. Innate lymphoid cells mediate pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation, airway mucous cell metaplasia, and type 2 immunity in mice exposed to ozone. Toxicol Pathol. 2017;45:692–704. PubMedCrossRef
86.
Kumagai K, Lewandowski R, Jackson-Humbles DN, Li N, Van Dyken SJ, Wagner JG, et al. Ozone-induced nasal type 2 immunity in mice is dependent on innate lymphoid cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2016;54:782–91. PubMedCrossRef
87.
Harkema JR, Wagner JG. Innate lymphoid cell–dependent airway epithelial and inflammatory responses to inhaled ozone: a new paradigm in pathogenesis. Toxicol Pathol. 2019;47:993–1003. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
88.
De Grove KC, Provoost S, Hendriks RW, McKenzie ANJ, Seys LJM, Kumar S, et al. Dysregulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells and TH2 cells impairs pollutant-induced allergic airway responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139:246-257.e4. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
89.
Kim J, Kim YC, Ham J, Sohn KH, Lee SY, Chung DH, et al. The effect of air pollutants on airway innate immune cells in patients with asthma. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;75:2372–6. CrossRef
90.
Amarante-Mendes GP, Adjemian S, Branco LM, Zanetti LC, Weinlich R, Bortoluci KR. Pattern recognition receptors and the host cell death molecular machinery. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2379. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
91.
Bauer RN, Diaz-Sanchez D, Jaspers I. Effects of air pollutants on innate immunity: the role of toll-like receptors and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:14–24. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
92.
Eisenbarth SC, Piggott DA, Huleatt JW, Visintin I, Herrick CA, Bottomly K. Lipopolysaccharide-enhanced, toll-like receptor 4-dependent T helper cell type 2 responses to inhaled antigen. J Exp Med. 2002;196:1645–51. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
93.
Mcalees JW, Whitehead GS, Harley ITW, Cappelletti M, Rewerts CL, Holdcroft AM, et al. Distinct Tlr4-expressing cell compartments control neutrophilic and eosinophilic airway inflammation. Mucosal Immunol. 2015;8:863–73. PubMedCrossRef
94.
Lafferty EI, Qureshi ST, Schnare M. The role of toll-like receptors in acute and chronic lung inflammation. J Inflamm. 2010;7:57. CrossRef
95.
Ferreira DS, Annoni R, Silva LFF, Buttignol M, Santos ABG, Medeiros MCR, et al. Toll-like receptors 2, 3 and 4 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in fatal asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2012;42:1459–71. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
96.
Whitehead GS, Hussain S, Fannin R, Trempus CS, Innes CL, Schurman SH, et al. TLR5 activation exacerbates airway inflammation in asthma. Lung. 2020;198:289–98. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
97.
Wilson RH, Maruoka S, Whitehead GS, Foley JF, Flake GP, Sever ML, et al. The toll-like receptor 5 ligand flagellin promotes asthma by priming allergic responses to indoor allergens. Nat Med. 2012;18:1705–10. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
98.
99.
Johnson AN, Harkema JR, Nelson AJ, Dickinson JD, Kalil J, Duryee MJ, et al. MyD88 regulates a prolonged adaptation response to environmental dust exposure-induced lung disease. Respir Res. 2020;21:97. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
100.
Ishii T, Muroi M, Horiguchi K, Tanamoto K ichi, Nagase T, Yamashita N. Activation through toll-like receptor 2 on group 2 innate lymphoid cells can induce asthmatic characteristics. Clin Exp Allergy. 2019;49:1624–32.
101.
Thio CLP, Lai ACY, Chi PY, Webster G, Chang YJ. Toll-like receptor 9–dependent interferon production prevents group 2 innate lymphoid cell–driven airway hyperreactivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144:682–97. PubMedCrossRef
102.
Zhao CC, Xie QM, Xu J, Yan XB, Fan XY, Wu HM. TLR9 mediates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and oxidative stress in murine allergic airway inflammation. Mol Immunol. 2020;125:24–31. PubMedCrossRef
103.
Shikhagaie MM, Andersson CK, Mori M, Kortekaas Krohn I, Bergqvist A, Dahl R, et al. Mapping of TLR5 and TLR7 in central and distal human airways and identification of reduced TLR expression in severe asthma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2014;44:184–96. PubMedCrossRef
104.
Shoenfelt J, Mitkus RJ, Zeisler R, Spatz RO, Powell J, Fenton MJ, et al. Involvement of TLR2 and TLR4 in inflammatory immune responses induced by fine and coarse ambient air particulate matter. J Leukoc Biol. 2009;86:303–12. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
105.
Becker S, Fenton MJ, Soukup JM. Involvement of microbial components and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in cytokine responses to air pollution particles. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2002;27:611–8. PubMedCrossRef
106.
107.
108.
Hernandez ML, Lay JC, Harris B, Esther CR, Brickey WJ, Bromberg PA, et al. Atopic asthmatic subjects but not atopic subjects without asthma have enhanced inflammatory response to ozone. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:537–44. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
109.
Fakhrzadeh L, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Ozone-induced production of nitric oxide and TNF-α and tissue injury are dependent on NF-κB p50. Am J Physiol - Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2004;287:L279–85. PubMedCrossRef
110.
Kleeberger SR, Reddy S, Zhang LY, Jedlicka AE. Genetic susceptibility to ozone-induced lung hyperpermeability. Role of toll-like receptor 4. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2000;22:620–7.
111.
Connor AJ, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Ozone-induced lung injury and sterile inflammation. Role of toll-like receptor 4. Exp Mol Pathol. 2012;92:229–35.
112.
Williams AS, Leung SY, Nath P, Khorasani NM, Bhavsar P, Issa R, et al. Role of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 in murine ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and neutrophilia. J Appl Physiol. 2007;103:1189–95. PubMedCrossRef
113.
He M, Ichinose T, Ren Y, Song Y, Yoshida Y, Arashidani K, et al. PM2.5-rich dust collected from the air in Fukuoka, Kyushu, Japan, can exacerbate murine lung eosinophilia. Inhal Toxicol. 2015;27:287–99.
114.
• Fonceca AM, Zosky GR, Bozanich EM, Sutanto EN, Kicic A, McNamara PS, et al. Accumulation mode particles and LPS exposure induce TLR-4 dependent and independent inflammatory responses in the lung. Respir Res. 2018;19:15. ( COMMENT: Highlights the combined impact of bacterial-derived LPS and ambient air pollution on TLR4-driven airway inflammation) PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
115.
He M, Ichinose T, Yoshida Y, Arashidani K, Yoshida S, Takano H, et al. Urban PM2.5 exacerbates allergic inflammation in the murine lung via a TLR2/TLR4/MyD88-signaling pathway. Sci Rep. 2017;7:11027.
116.
Tsang MSM, Hou T, Chan BCL, Wong CK. Immunological roles of NLR in allergic diseases and its underlying mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22:1507. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
117.
Wood LG, Li Q, Scott HA, Rutting S, Berthon BS, Gibson PG, et al. Saturated fatty acids, obesity, and the nucleotide oligomerization domain–like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;143:305–15. PubMedCrossRef
118.
Donovan C, Liu G, Shen S, Marshall JE, Kim RY, Alemao CA, et al. The role of the microbiome and the NLRP3 inflammasome in the gut and lung. J Leukoc Biol. 2020;108:925–35. PubMedCrossRef
119.
Kim RY, Pinkerton JW, Gibson PG, Cooper MA, Horvat JC, Hansbro PM. Inflammasomes in COPD and neutrophilic asthma. Thorax. 2015;70:1199–201. PubMedCrossRef
120.
Pinkerton JW, Kim RY, Robertson AAB, Hirota JA, Wood LG, Knight DA, et al. Inflammasomes in the lung. Mol Immunol. 2017;86:44–55. PubMedCrossRef
121.
Hansbro PM, Kim RY, Starkey MR, Donovan C, Dua K, Mayall JR, et al. Mechanisms and treatments for severe, steroid-resistant allergic airway disease and asthma. Immunol Rev. 2017;278:41–62. PubMedCrossRef
122.
Wadhwa R, Dua K, Adcock IM, Horvat JC, Kim RY, Hansbro PM. Cellular mechanisms underlying steroid-resistant asthma. Eur Respir Rev. 2019;28:190096.
123.
Simpson JL, Phipps S, Baines KJ, Oreo KM, Gunawardhana L, Gibson PG. Elevated expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in neutrophilic asthma. Eur Respir J. 2014;43:1067–76. PubMedCrossRef
124.
Theofani E, Semitekolou M, Morianos I, Samitas K, Xanthou G. Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in severe asthma. J Clin Med. 2019;8:1615. PubMedCentralCrossRef
125.
Rossios C, Pavlidis S, Hoda U, Kuo CH, Wiegman C, Russell K, et al. Sputum transcriptomics reveal upregulation of IL-1 receptor family members in patients with severe asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141:560–70. PubMedCrossRef
126.
Eder W, Klimecki W, Yu L, Von Mutius E, Riedler J, Braun-Fahrländer C, et al. Association between exposure to farming, allergies and genetic variation in CARD4/NOD1. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;61:1117–24. CrossRef
127.
Hysi P, Kabesch M, Moffatt MF, Schedel M, Carr D, Zhang Y, et al. NOD1 variation, immunoglobulin E and asthma. Hum Mol Genet. 2005;14:935–41. PubMedCrossRef
128.
Girardin SE, Jéhanno M, Mengin-Lecreulx D, Sansonetti PJ, Alzari PM, Philpott DJ. Identification of the critical residues involved in peptidoglycan detection by Nod1. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:38648–56. PubMedCrossRef
129.
Duan W, Mehta AK, Magalhaes JG, Ziegler SF, Dong C, Philpott DJ, et al. Innate signals from Nod2 block respiratory tolerance and program TH2-driven allergic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010;126:1284-93.e10. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
130.
Besnard AG, Guillou N, Tschopp J, Erard F, Couillin I, Iwakura Y, et al. NLRP3 inflammasome is required in murine asthma in the absence of aluminum adjuvant. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;66:1047–57. CrossRef
131.
Bruchard M, Rebé C, Derangère V, Togbé D, Ryffel B, Boidot R, et al. The receptor NLRP3 is a transcriptional regulator of TH2 differentiation. Nat Immunol. 2015;16:859–70. PubMedCrossRef
132.
Allen IC, Jania CM, Wilson JE, Tekeppe EM, Hua X, Brickey WJ, et al. Analysis of NLRP3 in the development of allergic airway disease in mice. J Immunol. 2012;188:2884–93. PubMedCrossRef
133.
Xu M, Wang L, Wang M, Wang H, Zhang H, Chen Y, et al. Mitochondrial ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome in acute ozone-induced murine model of airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Free Radic Res. 2019;53:780–90. PubMedCrossRef
134.
Li F, Xu M, Wang M, Wang L, Wang H, Zhang H, et al. Roles of mitochondrial ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome in multiple ozone-induced lung inflammation and emphysema. Respir Res. 2018;19:230. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
135.
Hirota JA, Hirota SA, Warner SM, Stefanowicz D, Shaheen F, Beck PL, et al. The airway epithelium nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 inflammasome is activated by urban particulate matter. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:1116-25.e6. PubMedCrossRef
136.
Hirota JA, Gold MJ, Hiebert PR, Parkinson LG, Wee T, Smith D, et al. The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat protein 3 inflammasome/IL-1 receptor I axis mediates innate, but not adaptive, immune responses after exposure to particulate matter under 10 μm. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2015;52:96–105. PubMedCrossRef
137.
Chan YL, Wang B, Chen H, Ho KF, Cao J, Hai G, et al. Pulmonary inflammation induced by low-dose particulate matter exposure in mice. Am J Physiol - Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2019;317:L424–30. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
138.
Yu J, Nagasu H, Murakami T, Hoang H, Broderick L, Hoffman HM, et al. Inflammasome activation leads to Caspase-1-dependent mitochondrial damage and block of mitophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:15514–9. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
139.
Zhang T, Sun L, Wang T, Liu C, Zhang H, Zhang C, et al. Gestational exposure to PM2.5 leads to cognitive dysfunction in mice offspring via promoting HMGB1-NLRP3 axis mediated hippocampal inflammation. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021;223:112617.
140.
Chen Y, Li G, Liu Y, Werth VP, Williams KJ, Liu ML. Translocation of endogenous danger signal HMGB1 from nucleus to membrane microvesicles in macrophages. J Cell Physiol. 2016;231:2319–26. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
141.
Tien CP, Chen CH, Lin WY, Liu CS, Liu KJ, Hsiao M, et al. Ambient particulate matter attenuates Sirtuin1 and augments SREBP1-PIR axis to induce human pulmonary fibroblast inflammation: molecular mechanism of microenvironment associated with COPD. Aging (Albany NY). 2019;11:4654–71. CrossRef
142.
Ko JW, Shin NR, Je-Oh L, Jung TY, Moon C, Kim TW, et al. Silica dioxide nanoparticles aggravate airway inflammation in an asthmatic mouse model via NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2020;112:104618.
143.
Im Kim D, Song MK, Lee K. Diesel exhaust particulates enhances susceptibility of LPS-induced acute lung injury through upregulation of the IL-17 cytokine-derived TGF-β1/collagen i expression and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in mice. Biomolecules. 2021;11:67. CrossRef
144.
Hall R, Hall IP, Sayers I. Genetic risk factors for the development of pulmonary disease identified by genome-wide association. Respirology. 2019;24:204–14. PubMedCrossRef
145.
146.
• Queiroz G de A, da Silva RR, Pires A de O, Costa R dos S, Alcântara-Neves NM, da Silva TM, et al. New variants in NLRP3 inflammasome genes increase risk for asthma and Blomia tropicalis-induced allergy in a Brazilian population. Cytokine X. 2020;2:100032. ( COMMENT: Comprehensive assessment of NLRP3 and CASP1 SNPs linked to pediatric asthma.)
147.
• Stadhouders R, Li BWS, de Bruijn MJW, Gomez A, Rao TN, Fehling HJ, et al. Epigenome analysis links gene regulatory elements in group 2 innate lymphocytes to asthma susceptibility. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;142:1793–807. ( COMMENT: Identified epigenetic changes in ILC2s, not found in T H 2 cells, related to asthma risk.) PubMedCrossRef
148.
Abdollahi E, Tavasolian F, Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Samadi M, Rafatpanah H. Protective role of R381Q (rs11209026) polymorphism in IL-23R gene in immune-mediated diseases: a comprehensive review. J Immunotoxicol. 2016;13:286–300. PubMedCrossRef
149.
150.
151.
152.
Hussain S, Johnson CG, Sciurba J, Meng X, Stober VP, Liu C, et al. TLR5 participates in the TLR4 receptor complex and promotes MyD88-dependent signaling in environmental lung injury. Elife. 2020;9:e50458.
153.
•• Schurman SH, Bravo MA, Innes CL, Jackson WB, McGrath JA, Miranda ML, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 pathway polymorphisms interact with pollution to influence asthma diagnosis and severity. Sci Rep. 2018;8:12713 ( COMMENT: Connects asthma diagnosis and severity to TLR4 SNPs and geographic air pollutant exposure.)
154.
Leal VNC, Genov IR, Mallozi MC, Solé D, Pontillo A. Polymorphisms in inflammasome genes and risk of asthma in Brazilian children. Mol Immunol. 2018;93:64–7. PubMedCrossRef
155.
Gref A, Merid SK, Gruzieva O, Ballereau S, Becker A, Bellander T, et al. Genome-wide interaction analysis of air pollution exposure and childhood asthma with functional follow-up. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195:1373–83. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
156.
157.
Choi BY, Han M, Kwak JW, Kim TH. Genetics and epigenetics in allergic rhinitis. Genes (Basel). 2021;12:2004. CrossRef
158.
Liberman N, Wang SY, Greer EL. Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: from phenomena to molecular mechanisms. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2019;59:189–206. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
159.
Shukla A, Bunkar N, Kumar R, Bhargava A, Tiwari R, Chaudhury K, et al. Air pollution associated epigenetic modifications: transgenerational inheritance and underlying molecular mechanisms. Sci Total Environ. 2019;656:760–77. PubMedCrossRef
160.
Fitz-James MH, Cavalli G. Molecular mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Nat Rev Genet. 2022;Online ahead of print.
161.
Alexis NE, Huang YC, Rappold AG, Kehrl H, Devlin R, Peden DB. Patients with asthma demonstrate airway inflammation after exposure to concentrated ambient particulate matter. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;190:235–7. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
162.
Kumar RK, Hitchins MP, Foster PS. Epigenetic changes in childhood asthma. Dis Model Mech. 2009;2:549–53. PubMedCrossRef
163.
164.
Edris A, Dekker HT, Melen E, Lahousse L. Epigenome-wide association studies in asthma: a systematic review. Clin Exp Allergy. 2019;49:953–68. PubMedCrossRef
165.
Li J, Sha J, Sun L, Zhu D, Meng C. Contribution of regulatory T cell methylation modifications to the pathogenesis of allergic airway diseases. J Immunol Res. 2021;2021:5590217. PubMedPubMedCentral
166.
Runyon RS, Cachola LM, Rajeshuni N, Hunter T, Garcia M, Ahn R, et al. Asthma discordance in twins is linked to epigenetic modifications of T cells. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:23226205. CrossRef
167.
Li JY, Zhang Y, Lin XP, Ruan Y, Wang Y, Wang CS, et al. Association between DNA hypomethylation at IL13 gene and allergic rhinitis in house dust mite-sensitized subjects. Clin Exp Allergy. 2016;46:298–307. PubMedCrossRef
168.
Yang IV, Pedersen BS, Liu AH, O’Connor GT, Pillai D, Kattan M, et al. The nasal methylome and childhood atopic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139:1478–88. PubMedCrossRef
169.
Yang IV, Pedersen BS, Liu A, O’Connor GT, Teach SJ, Kattan M, et al. DNA methylation and childhood asthma in the inner city. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136:69–80. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
170.
Arathimos R, Suderman M, Sharp GC, Burrows K, Granell R, Tilling K, et al. Epigenome-wide association study of asthma and wheeze in childhood and adolescence. Clin Epigenetics. 2017;9:112. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
171.
Naumova AK, Al Tuwaijri A, Morin A, Vaillancout VT, Madore AM, Berlivet S, et al. Sex- and age-dependent DNA methylation at the 17q12-q21 locus associated with childhood asthma. Hum Genet. 2013;132:811–22. PubMedCrossRef
172.
Rowell E, Wilson CB. Programming perpetual T helper cell plasticity. Immunity. 2009;30:7–9. PubMedCrossRef
173.
Harb H, Raedler D, Ballenberger N, Böck A, Kesper DA, Renz H, et al. Childhood allergic asthma is associated with increased IL-13 and FOXP3 histone acetylation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136:200–2. PubMedCrossRef
174.
Cheng Q, Shang Y, Huang W, Zhang Q, Li X, Zhou Q. p300 mediates the histone acetylation of ORMDL3 to affect airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019;76:105885.
175.
Elbehidy RM, Youssef DM, El-Shal AS, Shalaby SM, Sherbiny HS, Sherief LM, et al. MicroRNA-21 as a novel biomarker in diagnosis and response to therapy in asthmatic children. Mol Immunol. 2016;71:107–14. PubMedCrossRef
176.
Panganiban RPL, Pinkerton MH, Maru SY, Jefferson SJ, Roff AN, Ishmael FT. Differential microRNA epression in asthma and the role of miR-1248 in regulation of IL-5. Am J Clin Exp Immunol. 2012;1:154–65. PubMedPubMedCentral
177.
Korde A, Ahangari F, Haslip M, Zhang X, Liu Q, Cohn L, et al. An endothelial microRNA-1–regulated network controls eosinophil trafficking in asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;145:550–62. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
178.
Wasti B, Liu SK, Xiang XD. Role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis, treatment, prediction, and cellular transformation of asthma. Mediators Inflamm. 2021;2021:9412929. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
179.
Arshad SH, Karmaus W, Zhang H, Holloway JW. Multi-generational cohorts in asthma and allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;132:415–21. CrossRef
180.
Everson TM, Zhang H, Lockett GA, Kaushal A, Forthofer M, Ewart SL, et al. Epigenome-wide association study of asthma and wheeze characterizes loci within HK1. Allergy, Asthma Clin Immunol. 2019;15:43. CrossRef
181.
•• Gruzieva O, Xu CJ, Yousefi P, Relton C, Merid SK, Breton CV, et al. Prenatal particulate air pollution and DNA methylation in newborns: an epigenome-wide meta-analysis. Environ Health Perspect. 2019;127:57012. ( COMMENT: Highly relevant study in the field of transgenerational epigenetic effects of pollution on asthma risk.) PubMedCrossRef
182.
Panni T, Mehta AJ, Schwartz JD, Baccarelli AA, Just AC, Wolf K, et al. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and fine particulate matter air pollution in three study populations: KORA F3, KORA F4, and the normative aging study. Environ Health Perspect. 2016;124:983–90. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
183.
Breton CV, Marutani AN. Air pollution and epigenetics: recent findings. Curr Environ Heal reports. 2014;1:35–45. CrossRef
184.
Ji H, Khurana Hershey GK. Genetic and epigenetic influence on the response to environmental particulate matter. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:33–41. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
185.
186.
Zhong J, Karlsson O, Wang G, Li J, Guo Y, Lin X, et al. B vitamins attenuate the epigenetic effects of ambient fine particles in a pilot human intervention trial. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114:3503–8. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
187.
White AJ, Kresovich JK, Keller JP, Xu Z, Kaufman JD, Weinberg CR, et al. Air pollution, particulate matter composition and methylation-based biologic age. Environ Int. 2019;132:105071.
188.
189.
Li R, Zhou R, Zhang J. Function of PM2.5 in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Oncol Lett. 2018;15:7506–14.
190.
Yang SI. Particulate matter and childhood allergic diseases. Korean J Pediatr. 2019;62:22–9. PubMedCrossRef
191.
Zheng Y, Sanchez-Guerra M, Zhang Z, Joyce BT, Zhong J, Kresovich JK, et al. Traffic-derived particulate matter exposure and histone H3 modification: a repeated measures study. Environ Res. 2017;153:112–9. PubMedCrossRef
192.
Fry RC, Rager JE, Bauer R, Sebastian E, Peden DB, Jaspers I, et al. Air toxics and epigenetic effects: ozone altered microRNAs in the sputum of human subjects. Am J Physiol - Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2014;306:L1129–37. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
193.
Fuentes N, Roy A, Mishra V, Cabello N, Silveyra P. Sex-specific microRNA expression networks in an acute mouse model of ozone-induced lung inflammation. Biol Sex Differ. 2018;9:18. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
194.
Clay CC, Maniar-Hew K, Gerriets JE, Wang TT, Postlethwait EM, Evans MJ, et al. Early life ozone exposure results in dysregulated innate immune function and altered microRNA expression in airway epithelium. PLoS One. 2014;9:e90401.
195.
Bhargava A, Shukla A, Bunkar N, Shandilya R, Lodhi L, Kumari R, et al. Exposure to ultrafine particulate matter induces NF-ΚΒ mediated epigenetic modifications. Environ Pollut. 2019;252:39–50. PubMedCrossRef
196.
Somineni HK, Zhang X, Biagini Myers JM, Kovacic MB, Ulm A, Jurcak N, et al. Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) methylation is associated with childhood asthma and traffic-related air pollution. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016;137:797-805.e5. PubMedCrossRef
197.
Zhou W, Tian D, He J, Wang Y, Zhang L, Cui L, et al. Repeated PM2.5 exposure inhibits BEAS-2B cell P53 expression through ROS-Akt-DNMT3B pathway-mediated promoter hypermethylation. Oncotarget. 2016;7:20691–703.
198.
Mikhaylova L, Zhang Y, Kobzik L, Fedulov AV. Link between epigenomic alterations and genome-wide aberrant transcriptional response to allergen in dendritic cells conveying maternal asthma risk. PLoS One. 2013;8:e70387.
199.
Gregory DJ, Kobzik L, Yang Z, McGuire CC, Fedulov AV. Transgenerational transmission of asthma risk after exposure to environmental particles during pregnancy. Am J Physiol - Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2017;313:L395-405. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
200.
Bind M-A, Lepeule J, Zanobetti A, Gasparrini A, Baccarelli AA, Coull BA, et al. Air pollution and gene-specific methylation in the Normative Aging Study. Epigenetics. 2014;9:448–58. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
201.
Bind MA, Baccarelli A, Zanobetti A, Tarantini L, Suh H, Vokonas P, et al. Air pollution and markers of coagulation, inflammation, and endothelial function: associations and epigene-environment interactions in an elderly cohort. Epidemiology. 2012;23:332–40. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
202.
Verma M, Michalec L, Sripada A, McKay J, Sirohi K, Verma D, et al. The molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of innate lymphoid cell (ILC) memory and its relevance for asthma. J Exp Med. 2021;218:e20201354.
203.
Prunicki M, Stell L, Dinakarpandian D, de Planell-Saguer M, Lucas RW, Hammond SK, et al. Exposure to NO2, CO, and PM2.5 is linked to regional DNA methylation differences in asthma. Clin Epigenetics. 2018;10:2.
204.
Hew KM, Walker AI, Kohli A, Garcia M, Syed A, Mcdonald-Hyman C, et al. Childhood exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is linked to epigenetic modifications and impaired systemic immunity in T cells. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015;45:238–48. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
205.
Sun L, Fu J, Lin SH, Sun JL, Xia L, Lin CH, et al. Particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less in diameter disturbs the balance of TH17/regulatory T cells by targeting glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in an asthma model. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2020;145:402–14.
206.
•• Prunicki M, Cauwenberghs N, Lee J, Zhou X, Movassagh H, Noth E, et al. Air pollution exposure is linked with methylation of immunoregulatory genes, altered immune cell profiles, and increased blood pressure in children. Sci Rep. 2021;11:4067. ( COMMENT: Demonstrated that changes in air pollutants altered DMGs of T REG  cells and T helper subsets.) PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
207.
Strickland DH, Holt PG. T regulatory cells in childhood asthma. Trends Immunol. 2011;32:420–7. PubMedCrossRef
208.
Yang IV, Pedersen BS, Liu A, O'Connor GT, Teach SJ, Kattan M, et al. DNA methylation and childhood asthma in the inner city. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 136:25769910.
209.
Liu J, Ballaney M, Al-alem U, Quan C, Jin X, Perera F, et al. Combined inhaled diesel exhaust particles and allergen exposure alter methylation of T helper genes and IgE production in vivo. Toxicol Sci. 2008;102:76–81. PubMedCrossRef
210.
de FC Lichtenfels AJ, Van Der Plaat DA, de Jong K, van Diemen CC, Postma DS, Nedeljkovic, et al. Long-term air pollution exposure, genome-wide DNA methylation and lung function in the LifeLines Cohort Study. Env Heal Perspect. 2018;126:027004.
211.
Xia M, Viera-Hutchins L, Garcia-Lloret M, Noval Rivas M, Wise P, McGhee SA, et al. Vehicular exhaust particles promote allergic airway inflammation through an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-notch signaling cascade. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136:441–53. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
212.
Miousse IR, Chalbot MC, Pathak R, Lu X, Nzabarushimana E, Krager K, et al. In vitro toxicity and epigenotoxicity of different types of ambient particulate matter. Toxicol Sci. 2015;148:473–87. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
213.
Tarantini L, Bonzini M, Apostoli P, Pegoraro V, Bollati V, Marinelli B, et al. Effects of particulate matter on genomic DNA methylation content and iNOS promoter methylation. Env Heal Perspect. 2009;117:217–22. CrossRef
214.
Salam MT, Byun HM, Lurmann F, Breton CV, Wang X, Eckel SP, et al. Genetic and epigenetic variations in inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter, particulate pollution, and exhaled nitric oxide levels in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129:232–9.e1–7.
215.
Sofer T, Baccarelli A, Cantone L, Coull B, Maity A, Lin X, et al. Exposure to airborne particulate matter is associated with methylation pattern in the asthma pathway. Epigenomics. 2013;5:147–54. PubMedCrossRef
216.
Brunst KJ, Leung YK, Ryan PH, Khurana Hershey GK, Levin L, Ji H, et al. Forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) hypermethylation is associated with diesel exhaust exposure and risk for childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131:592–4.e1–3.
217.
Jiang R, Jones MJ, Sava F, Kobor MS, Carlsten C. Short-term diesel exhaust inhalation in a controlled human crossover study is associated with changes in DNA methylation of circulating mononuclear cells in asthmatics. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2014;11:71. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
218.
•• Zhang X, Chen X, Weirauch MT, Zhang X, Burleson JD, Brandt EB, et al. Diesel exhaust and house dust mite allergen lead to common changes in the airway methylome and hydroxymethylome. Env Epigenet. 2018;4:dvy020. ( COMMENT: Genome-wide methylation study of patient cohorts exposed to air pollution (NO 2 and PM 2.5 ).)
219.
Lovinsky-Desir S, Jung KH, Jezioro JR, Torrone DZ, de Planell-Saguer M, Yan B, et al. Physical activity, black carbon exposure, and DNA methylation in the FOXP3 promoter. Clin Epigenetics. 2017;9:65.
220.
Jung KH, Lovinsky-Desir S, Yan B, Torrone D, Lawrence J, Jezioro J, et al. Effect of personal exposure to black carbon on changes in allergic asthma gene methylation measured 5 days later in urban children: importance of allergic sensitization. Clin Epigenetics. 2017;9:61. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
221.
Gregory DJ, Zhang Y, Kobzik L, Fedulov AV. Specific transcriptional enhancement of inducible nitric oxide synthase by targeted promoter demethylation. Epigenetics. 2013;8:1205–12. PubMedCrossRef
222.
Gregory DJ, Mikhaylova L, Fedulov AV. Selective DNA demethylation by fusion of TDG with a sequence-specific DNA-binding domain. Epigenetics. 2012;7:344–9. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
223.
Huang YH, Su J, Lei Y, Brunetti L, Gundry MC, Zhang X, et al. DNA epigenome editing using CRISPR-Cas SunTag-directed DNMT3A. Genome Biol. 2017;18:176. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
224.
Jeffries MA. Epigenetic editing: how cutting-edge targeted epigenetic modification might provide novel avenues for autoimmune disease therapy. Clin Immunol. 2018;196:49–58. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
225.
Ganesan A, Arimondo PB, Rots MG, Jeronimo C, Berdasco M. The timeline of epigenetic drug discovery: from reality to dreams. Clin Epigenetics. 2019;11:174. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
226.
227.
Chen H, Kazemier HG, De Groote ML, Ruiters MHJ, Xu GL, Rots MG. Induced DNA demethylation by targeting Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 to the human ICAM-1 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014;42:1563–74. PubMedCrossRef
228.
Maeder ML, Angstman JF, Richardson ME, Linder SJ, Cascio VM, Tsai SQ, et al. Targeted DNA demethylation and activation of endogenous genes using programmable TALE-TET1 fusion proteins. Nat Biotechnol. 2013;31:1137–42. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
229.
230.
Rivenbark AG, Stolzenburg S, Beltran AS, Yuan X, Rots MG, Strahl BD, et al. Epigenetic reprogramming of cancer cells via targeted DNA methylation. Epigenetics. 2012;7:350–60. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
231.
Siddique AN, Nunna S, Rajavelu A, Zhang Y, Jurkowska RZ, Reinhardt R, et al. Targeted methylation and gene silencing of VEGF-A in human cells by using a designed Dnmt3a-Dnmt3L single-chain fusion protein with increased DNA methylation activity. J Mol Biol. 2013;425:479–91. PubMedCrossRef
232.
Lu A, Wang J, Sun W, Huang W, Cai Z, Zhao G, et al. Reprogrammable CRISPR/dCas9-based recruitment of DNMT1 for site-specific DNA demethylation and gene regulation. Cell Discov. 2019;5:22. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
233.
Vojta A, Dobrinic P, Tadic V, Bockor L, Korac P, Julg B, et al. Repurposing the CRISPR-Cas9 system for targeted DNA methylation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016;44:5615–28. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
234.
Xiong T, Meister GE, Workman RE, Kato NC, Spellberg MJ, Turker F, et al. Targeted DNA methylation in human cells using engineered dCas9-methyltransferases. Sci Rep. 2017;7:6732. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
235.
Zhu W, Wu Y, Liu H, Jiang C, Huo L. Gut–lung axis: microbial crosstalk in pediatric respiratory tract infections. Front Immunol. 2021;12:741233.
236.
237.
238.
Zhang M, Sun K, Wu Y, Yang Y, Tso P, Wu Z. Interactions between intestinal microbiota and host immune response in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol. 2017;8:942. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
239.
Maeda Y, Takeda K. Host–microbiota interactions in rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Mol Med. 2019;51:1–6. PubMedCrossRef
240.
Belizário JE, Faintuch J, Garay-Malpartida M. Gut microbiome dysbiosis and immunometabolism: new frontiers for treatment of metabolic diseases. Mediators Inflamm. 2018;2018:2037838. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
241.
242.
Gopalakrishnan V, Helmink BA, Spencer CN, Reuben A, Wargo JA. The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Cell. 2018;7:108.
243.
Hilty M, Burke C, Pedro H, Cardenas P, Bush A, Bossley C, et al. Disordered microbial communities in asthmatic airways. PLoS One. 2010;5:e8578.
244.
Huang YJ, Nelson CE, Brodie EL, Desantis TZ, Baek MS, Liu J, et al. Airway microbiota and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with suboptimally controlled asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:372–381.e1–3.
245.
Huang YJ, Nariya S, Harris JM, Lynch SV, Choy DF, Arron JR, et al. The airway microbiome in patients with severe asthma: associations with disease features and severity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;136:874–84. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
246.
Marri PR, Stern DA, Wright AL, Billheimer D, Martinez FD. Asthma-associated differences in microbial composition of induced sputum. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131:346–52.e1–3.
247.
Teo SM, Mok D, Pham K, Kusel M, Serralha M, Troy N, et al. The infant nasopharyngeal microbiome impacts severity of lower respiratory infection and risk of asthma development. Cell Host Microbe. 2015;17:704–15. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
248.
Kalliomäki M, Kirjavainen P, Eerola E, Kero P, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Distinct patterns of neonatal gut microflora in infants in whom atopy was and was not developing. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;107:129–34. PubMedCrossRef
249.
Van Nimwegen FA, Penders J, Stobberingh EE, Postma DS, Koppelman GH, Kerkhof M, et al. Mode and place of delivery, gastrointestinal microbiota, and their influence on asthma and atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;128:948–55.e1–3.
250.
Vebø HC, Sekelja M, Nestestog R, Storrø O, Johnsen R, Øien T, et al. Temporal development of the infant gut microbiota in immunoglobulin E-sensitized and nonsensitized children determined by the GA-map infant array. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011;18:1326–35. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
251.
Penders J, Thijs C, Van Den Brandt PA, Kummeling I, Snijders B, Stelma F, et al. Gut microbiota composition and development of atopic manifestations in infancy: the KOALA birth cohort study. Gut. 2007;56:661–7. PubMedCrossRef
252.
Arrieta MC, Stiemsma LT, Dimitriu PA, Thorson L, Russell S, Yurist-Doutsch S, et al. Early infancy microbial and metabolic alterations affect risk of childhood asthma. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7:307ra152.
253.
Bisgaard H, Li N, Bonnelykke K, Chawes BLK, Skov T, Paludan-Müller G, et al. Reduced diversity of the intestinal microbiota during infancy is associated with increased risk of allergic disease at school age. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;128:646–52.e1–5.
254.
Roggenbuck M, Anderson D, Barfod KK, Feelisch M, Geldenhuys S, Sørensen SJ, et al. Vitamin D and allergic airway disease shape the murine lung microbiome in a sex-specific manner. Respir Res. 2016;17:116. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
255.
Remot A, Descamps D, Noordine ML, Boukadiri A, Mathieu E, Robert V, et al. Bacteria isolated from lung modulate asthma susceptibility in mice. ISME J. 2017;11:1061–74. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
256.
Soumana IH, Carlsten C. Air pollution and the respiratory microbiome. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021;148:67–9. CrossRef
257.
Qin J, Li R, Raes J, Arumugam M, Burgdorf KS, Manichanh C, et al. A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature. 2010;464:59–65. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
258.
Shi CY, Yu CH, Yu WY, Ying HZ. Gut-lung microbiota in chronic pulmonary diseases: evolution, pathogenesis, and therapeutics. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2021;2021:9278441. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
259.
Robinson LB, Chen Arroyo AJ, Dantas MAS, Espinola JA, Sullivan AF, Camargo CA. Prenatal exposure to acid-suppressant medications and the risk of recurrent wheeze at 3 years of age in children with a history of severe bronchiolitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7:2422-2424.e4. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
260.
Durack J, Boushey HA, Lynch SV. Airway microbiota and the implications of dysbiosis in asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2016;16:52. PubMedCrossRef
261.
Durack J, Huang YJ, Nariya S, Christian LS, Mark Ansel K, Beigelman A, et al. Bacterial biogeography of adult airways in atopic asthma. Microbiome. 2018;6:104. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
262.
• Stokholm J, Blaser MJ, Thorsen J, Rasmussen MA, Waage J, Vinding RK, et al. Maturation of the gut microbiome and risk of asthma in childhood. Nat Commun. 2018;9:141. ( COMMENT: Associates failed maturation of gut microbiota in 1-year-old children with increased pediatric asthma risk at age 5. Notable for its implications for preventing pediatric asthma via protection from gut dysbiosis.) PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
263.
• Taylor SL, Leong LEX, Choo JM, Wesselingh S, Yang IA, Upham JW, et al. Inflammatory phenotypes in patients with severe asthma are associated with distinct airway microbiology. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141:94-103.e15. ( COMMENT: With much microbiome work focusing on the gut, this study shows how airway microbiome is associated with adult asthma risk.) PubMedCrossRef
264.
Logotheti M, Agioutantis P, Katsaounou P, Loutrari H. Microbiome research and multi-omics integration for personalized medicine in asthma. J Pers Med. 2021;11:1299. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
265.
•• Liu J, Tu C, Yu J, Chen M, Tan C, Zheng X, et al. Maternal microbiome regulation prevents early allergic airway diseases in mouse offspring. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020;31:962–73. ( COMMENT: Integrated microbiome interaction with immune mechanisms and epigenetic alterations leading to asthma development.) PubMedCrossRef
266.
Losol P, Kim S, Ahn S, Lee S, Choi J, Kim Y, et al. Genetic variants in the TLR-related pathway and smoking exposure alter the upper airway microbiota in adult asthmatic patients. Allergy. 2021;76:3217–20. PubMedCrossRef
267.
• Huang C, Wang J, Zheng X, Chen Y, Zhou R, Wei H, et al. Commensal bacteria aggravate allergic asthma via NLRP3/IL-1β signaling in post-weaning mice. J Autoimmun. 2018;93:104–13. ( COMMENT: Evidence for a role of commensal bacteria in asthma pathogenesis by promoting NLRP3 expression in immune cells.) PubMedCrossRef
268.
Di Gangi A, Di Cicco ME, Comberiati P, Peroni DG. Go with your gut: the shaping of T-cell response by gut microbiota in allergic asthma. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1485. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
269.
Liu D, Tan Y, Bajinka O, Wang L, Tang Z. Th17/IL-17 Axis regulated by airway microbes get involved in the development of asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2020;20:11. PubMedCrossRef
270.
Daniel S, Pusadkar V, McDonald J, Mirpuri J, Azad RK, Goven A, et al. Traffic generated emissions alter the lung microbiota by promoting the expansion of Proteobacteria in C57Bl/6 mice placed on a high-fat diet. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021;213:112035.
271.
•• Wang L, Cheng H, Wang D, Zhao B, Zhang J, Cheng L, et al. Airway microbiome is associated with respiratory functions and responses to ambient particulate matter exposure. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019;13(Suppl 5):S438–46. ( COMMENT: One of the first studies connecting PM exposure to airway microbiome perturbation and associated respiratory dysfunction.)
272.
Hosgood HD, Mongodin EF, Wan Y, Hua X, Rothman N, Hu W, et al. The respiratory tract microbiome and its relationship to lung cancer and environmental exposures found in rural china. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2019;60:617–23. PubMedPubMedCentral
273.
Li X, Sun Y, An Y, Wang R, Lin H, Liu M, et al. Air pollution during the winter period and respiratory tract microbial imbalance in a healthy young population in Northeastern China. Environ Pollut. 2019;246:972–9. PubMedCrossRef
274.
Li J, Hu Y, Liu L, Wang Q, Zeng J, Chen C. PM2.5 exposure perturbs lung microbiome and its metabolic profile in mice. Sci Total Environ. 2020;721:137432.
275.
Li N, He F, Liao B, Zhou Y, Li B, Ran P. Exposure to ambient particulate matter alters the microbial composition and induces immune changes in rat lung. Respir Res. 2017;18:143. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
276.
Yu G, Gail MH, Consonni D, Carugno M, Humphrys M, Pesatori AC, et al. Characterizing human lung tissue microbiota and its relationship to epidemiological and clinical features. Genome Biol. 2016;17:163. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
277.
Fitch MN, Phillippi D, Zhang Y, Lucero JA, Pandey RS, Liu J, et al. Effects of inhaled air pollution on markers of integrity, inflammation, and microbiota profiles of the intestines in Apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Environ Res. 2020;181:108913.
278.
Wang W, Zhou J, Chen M, Huang X, Xie X, Li W, et al. Exposure to concentrated ambient PM2.5 alters the composition of gut microbiota in a murine model. Part Fibre Toxicol. 2018;15:17.
279.
Fouladi F, Bailey MJ, Patterson WB, Sioda M, Blakley IC, Fodor AA, et al. Air pollution exposure is associated with the gut microbiome as revealed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Environ Int. 2020;138:105604.
280.
Mutlu EA, Comba IY, Cho T, Engen PA, Yazıcı C, Soberanes S, et al. Inhalational exposure to particulate matter air pollution alters the composition of the gut microbiome. Environ Pollut. 2018;240:817–30. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
281.
Howard E, Orhurhu V, Huang L, Guthrie B, Phipatanakul W. The impact of ambient environmental exposures to microbial products on asthma outcomes from birth to childhood. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019;19:59. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
282.
Roduit C, Frei R, Ferstl R, Loeliger S, Westermann P, Rhyner C, et al. High levels of butyrate and propionate in early life are associated with protection against atopy. Allergy Eur J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;74:799–809. CrossRef
283.
Stiemsma LT, Arrieta MC, Dimitriu PA, Cheng J, Thorson L, Lefebvre DL, et al. Shifts in Lachnospira and Clostridium sp. in the 3-month stool microbiome are associated with preschool age asthma. Clin Sci. 2016;130:2199–207.
284.
Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, Kranich J, Sierro F, Di Yu, et al. Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43. Nature. 2009;461:1282–6.
285.
Trompette A, Gollwitzer ES, Yadava K, Sichelstiel AK, Sprenger N, Ngom-Bru C, et al. Gut microbiota metabolism of dietary fiber influences allergic airway disease and hematopoiesis. Nat Med. 2014;20:159–66. PubMedCrossRef
286.
Thorburn AN, McKenzie CI, Shen S, Stanley D, MacIa L, Mason LJ, et al. Evidence that asthma is a developmental origin disease influenced by maternal diet and bacterial metabolites. Nat Commun. 2015;6:7320. PubMedCrossRef
287.
Zaiss MM, Rapin A, Lebon L, Dubey LK, Mosconi I, Sarter K, et al. The intestinal microbiota contributes to the ability of helminths to modulate allergic inflammation. Immunity. 2015;43:998–1010. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
288.
Yip W, Hughes MR, Li Y, Cait A, Hirst M, Mohn WW, et al. Butyrate shapes immune cell fate and function in allergic asthma. Front Immunol. 2021;12:628453.
289.
Komlósi ZI, van de Veen W, Kovács N, Szűcs G, Sokolowska M, O’Mahony L, et al. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of allergic asthma. Mol Aspects Med. 2021;100995.
290.
•• Hrusch CL, Stein MM, Gozdz J, Holbreich M, von Mutius E, Vercelli D, et al. T-cell phenotypes are associated with serum IgE levels in Amish and Hutterite children. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;144:1391-1401.e10. ( COMMENT: Defines how T cell phenotypes change with different environmental microbiota exposure in Amish/Hutterite communities, affecting asthma outcomes.) PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
291.
Stein MM, Hrusch CL, Gozdz J, Igartua C, Pivniouk V, Murray SE, et al. Innate immunity and asthma risk in Amish and Hutterite farm children. N Engl J Med. 2016;48:51–60.
292.
293.
• Yang C, Kwon D Il, Kim M, Im SH, Lee YJ. Commensal microbiome expands Tγδ17 cells in the lung and promotes particulate matter-induced acute neutrophilia. Front Immunol. 2021;12:645741. ( COMMENT: Shows the microbiome affecting γδ T cell subsets in lung inflammation.)
294.
Adar SD, Huffnagle GB, Curtis JL. The respiratory microbiome: an underappreciated player in the human response to inhaled pollutants? Ann Epidemiol. 2016;26:355–9. PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Emerging Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Immune-Mediated Asthma Pathogenesis
verfasst von
J. A. Tuazon
B. Kilburg-Basnyat
L. M. Oldfield
R. Wiscovitch-Russo
K. Dunigan-Russell
A. V. Fedulov
K. J. Oestreich
K. M. Gowdy
Publikationsdatum
08.04.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Ausgabe 7/2022
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-022-01034-1

Neu im Fachgebiet HNO

02.02.2023 | COVID-19 | Nachrichten

Corona-Pandemie führte zu Rückgang darmpathogener Erreger

01.02.2023 | COVID-19-Impfung | Nachrichten

mRNA-Corona-Impfung erhöht Risiko für Guillain-Barré-Syndrom nicht

30.01.2023 | COVID-19 | Nachrichten

Schützen Masken generell vor respiratorischen Viren?

27.01.2023 | COVID-19 | Nachrichten

FDA zieht Zulassung für Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab vorläufig zurück
weitere anzeigen

Newsletter

Bestellen Sie unseren kostenlosen Newsletter Update HNO und bleiben Sie gut informiert – ganz bequem per eMail.

Newsletter bestellen
» zur Themenseite HNO rotated-square
Bildnachweise