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Erschienen in: HNO 11/2021

13.10.2021 | Erkrankungen von Nase, Nebenhöhlen und Gesicht | CME

Epistaxis – Übersicht und aktuelle Aspekte

verfasst von: Dr. Kruthika Thangavelu, Sabine Köhnlein, Behfar Eivazi, Mariana Gurschi, Boris A. Stuck, Urban Geisthoff

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 11/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Meist handelt es sich beim Nasenbluten (Epistaxis) um kleinere Blutungen. Medizinische Maßnahmen sind nur in etwa 6 % der Fälle erforderlich. Oft liegt die Blutungsquelle im vorderen Nasenabschnitt (Locus Kiesselbachii). Die geschätzte Gesamtlebenszeitprävalenz für Epistaxis beträgt 60 %. Tritt die Epistaxis in diffuser Form auf, so ist das häufig die Manifestation einer systemischen Erkrankung. Beim M. Rendu-Osler-Weber (hereditäre hämorrhagische Teleangiektasie, HHT) stellt die Epistaxis das Leitsymptom dar. Erstmaßnahme der Wahl bei Interventionsbedarf ist die bidigitale Kompression über mehrere Minuten. Verbreitete Therapiemaßnahmen sind u. a. die lokale Blutstillung mittels Elektrokoagulation oder mit chemischen Mitteln wie Silbernitrat. Auch resorbierbare vordere Nasentamponaden oder Tamponaden mit glatter Oberfläche werden häufig eingesetzt. Beim Versagen des chirurgischen Gefäßverschlusses der A. sphenopalatina ist die angiographische Embolisation Methode der Wahl.
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Metadaten
Titel
Epistaxis – Übersicht und aktuelle Aspekte
verfasst von
Dr. Kruthika Thangavelu
Sabine Köhnlein
Behfar Eivazi
Mariana Gurschi
Boris A. Stuck
Urban Geisthoff
Publikationsdatum
13.10.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 11/2021
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-021-01110-4

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