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Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie 3/2021

25.01.2021 | Paraneoplastische Syndrome | Frauengesundheit in der Praxis

Paraneoplasien der Haut in der gynäkologischen Onkologie

verfasst von: Dr. med. Viktoria Aivazova-Fuchs, Ieva Mierina, Peter Holzhauer, Felicia Sili, Andreas Schnelzer, Domenik Prell, Klaus Friese

Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie | Ausgabe 3/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Gynäkologische Tumorerkrankungen können sich durch kutane Erkrankungen als paraneoplastische Syndrome der Haut äußern. Obligate kutane Neoplasien sind im Unterschied zu fakultativen Neoplasien immer mit einer malignen Erkrankung assoziiert. Sie können zeitgleich mit dem oder zeitversetzt zum malignen Geschehen auftreten. Häufig zeigen Paraneoplasien auch eine ungewöhnliche Therapieresistenz. Somit können sie Frühsymptome einer malignen Erkrankung darstellen, die entsprechend frühzeitig behandelt wird. Pathogenetisch handelt es sich bei Paraneoplasien der Haut um Hautveränderungen, die durch Autoantikörperbildung gegen Karzinome induziert werden und durch Kreuzreaktionen mit der Basalmembranzone der Haut entstehen; es resultieren immunologische Reaktionen gegen Strukturen in der Haut, die durch Freisetzung von Hormonen oder Mediatoren sowie Antigenen aus dem Karzinom hervorgerufen werden. Meist heilen die kutanen Paraneoplasien mit erfolgreicher Tumortherapie ab und benötigen keine spezifische Therapie, wie z. B. die Acanthosis palmaris („tripe palms“) oder die Hypertrichosis lanuginosa acquisita, die lediglich diagnostische Bedeutung haben. Andere, vor allem immunologisch vermittelte Paraneoplasien, wie z. B. der paraneoplastische Pemphigus oder die paraneoplastische Dermatomyositis, sollten auch simultan zur Tumortherapie behandelt werden. Verschiedene paraneoplastische kutane Manifestationen können bei einer begleitenden onkologischen Grunderkrankung gleichzeitig auftreten (z. B. Kombination aus Acanthosis palmaris und Acanthosis nigricans maligna).
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Metadaten
Titel
Paraneoplasien der Haut in der gynäkologischen Onkologie
verfasst von
Dr. med. Viktoria Aivazova-Fuchs
Ieva Mierina
Peter Holzhauer
Felicia Sili
Andreas Schnelzer
Domenik Prell
Klaus Friese
Publikationsdatum
25.01.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Gynäkologie / Ausgabe 3/2021
Print ISSN: 2731-7102
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7110
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-020-04744-7

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