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Erschienen in: Die Psychotherapie 5/2020

02.09.2020 | Kindesmissbrauch | Schwerpunkt: Behandlung und Prävention von Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörungen - Originalien

Persönlichkeitsfunktionsniveau, maladaptive Traits und Kindheitstraumata

verfasst von: Sarah N. Back, Max Zettl, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Katja Bertsch, Prof. Dr. phil. Svenja Taubner

Erschienen in: Die Psychotherapie | Ausgabe 5/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Traumatische Erlebnisse in der Kindheit gelten als bedeutsamer Risikofaktor für Persönlichkeitsstörungen (PS). Allerdings ist die empirische Befundlage zu verschiedenen Formen von Kindheitstraumata und PS inkonsistent. Darüber hinaus fehlt bislang der Einbezug dimensionaler Maße für PS trotz ihres gegenwärtigen Einzugs in diagnostische Manuale. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Beziehung zwischen selbstberichteten Kindheitstraumata, dem Funktionsniveau der Persönlichkeit (Kriterium A) sowie maladaptiven Traits (Kriterium B) mithilfe von Strukturgleichungsmodellen in einer Stichprobe junger Erwachsener (n = 473). Alle Assoziationen zwischen Traumata, Kriterium A und B sind signifikant. Traumatische Erlebnisse sind stärker mit der Schwere der Funktionsbeeinträchtigung (Kriterium A) assoziiert als mit spezifischen maladaptiven Traits (Kriterium B), wo sich die stärksten Zusammenhänge mit der Persönlichkeitsdomäne „Verschlossenheit“ zeigen. Während körperlicher Missbrauch und körperliche Vernachlässigung sowie sexueller Missbrauch v. a. mit Antagonismus und Enthemmtheit assoziieren, sind emotionaler Missbrauch und emotionale Vernachlässigung mit negativer Affektivität, Verschlossenheit und Psychotizismus verknüpft. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Funktionsniveau und Traits der Persönlichkeit differenziell mit retrospektiven Traumata assoziiert sind, was die Relevanz dimensionaler Maße von PS für ein differenziertes Verständnis der Beziehung von Persönlichkeitspathologie und Kindheitstraumata unterstreicht.
Fußnoten
1
5. Ausgabe des Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
 
2
11. Auflage der Internationalen statistischen Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Persönlichkeitsfunktionsniveau, maladaptive Traits und Kindheitstraumata
verfasst von
Sarah N. Back
Max Zettl
Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Katja Bertsch
Prof. Dr. phil. Svenja Taubner
Publikationsdatum
02.09.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Psychotherapie / Ausgabe 5/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-7161
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-717X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-020-00445-7

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