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Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie 7/2022

23.05.2022 | Augentumoren | Leitthema

Lymphome des Auges und seiner Adnexe

Moderne pathologische Diagnostik und systemische Therapie

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. Falko Fend, Dr. Irina Bonzheim, PD Dr. Vinodh Kakkassery, Prof. Dr. Dr. Ludwig M. Heindl, Prof. Dr. Gerald Illerhaus

Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie | Ausgabe 7/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Maligne Lymphome des Auges und seiner Adnexstrukturen machen etwa 5–15 % der extranodalen Lymphome aus. Nach anatomischen und biologischen Kriterien muss man 2 große Gruppen von Lymphomen am und im Auge unterscheiden: (1) primäre Lymphome intraokulärer Strukturen und (2) primäre Lymphome der okulären Adnexe. Dazu kommt ein großes Spektrum sekundärer Manifestationen maligner Lymphome in okulären und periokulären Strukturen.

Fragestellung/Ziel

Es erfolgt eine Zusammenfassung der Klassifikation und molekularen Pathologie der verschiedenen intraokulären und periokulären Lymphome sowie der onkologischen Systemtherapie mit einem Fokus auf das primäre vitreoretinale Lymphom.

Methoden

Es wurde eine selektive Literaturrecherche zum Thema intra- und periokuläre Lymphome mittels PubMed durchgeführt, und eigene Erfahrungen werden dargestellt.

Ergebnisse

Die Behandlung des primären vitreoretinalen Lymphoms (PVRL) stellt eine besondere interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar, und trotz der scheinbar lokalisierten Erkrankung sind systemische Therapiekonzepte erforderlich, um das hohe Risiko der sekundären ZNS(Zentralnervensystem)-Beteiligung zu reduzieren. Entscheidend ist daher die ZNS-Gängigkeit der eingesetzten Substanzen. Die Protokolle sollten daher in Anlehnung an die Therapiekonzepte primärer ZNS-Lymphome gewählt werden. Die durch moderne Hochdurchsatzmethoden gewonnenen Erkenntnisse über Genetik und Biologie (peri)okulärer Lymphome erlauben nicht nur eine verbesserte Diagnostik durch Einsatz molekularer Methoden, sondern zeigen auch Ansatzpunkte für gezielte Therapien auf.

Schlussfolgerung

Das Verständnis der molekularen Grundlagen und Biologie ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für eine präzise Diagnostik und den Einsatz einer zielgerichteten Systemtherapie bei intra- und periokulären Lymphomen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Lymphome des Auges und seiner Adnexe
Moderne pathologische Diagnostik und systemische Therapie
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. Falko Fend
Dr. Irina Bonzheim
PD Dr. Vinodh Kakkassery
Prof. Dr. Dr. Ludwig M. Heindl
Prof. Dr. Gerald Illerhaus
Publikationsdatum
23.05.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Ophthalmologie / Ausgabe 7/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-720X
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-022-01650-2

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