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Erschienen in: Der Radiologe 11/2017

06.10.2017 | Knochentumoren | Leitthema

Postoperative und posttherapeutische Veränderungen nach primären Knochentumoren

Was ist wichtig für den Radiologen?

verfasst von: Dr. T. Grieser, I.-M. Nöbauer-Huhmann

Erschienen in: Die Radiologie | Ausgabe 11/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Die posttherapeutische Bildgebung primärer Knochentumoren stellt eine diagnostische Herausforderung für jeden Radiologen dar. In Abhängigkeit vom primären Knochentumor werden zur Nachsorge die gängigen radiologischen Standardverfahren eingesetzt (Projektionsradiographie, Computertomographie [CT] und Magnetresonanztomographie [MRT]). Die Projektionsradiographie und CT haben einen besonderen Stellenwert v. a. bei benignen Knochentumoren sowie bei primär matrixbildenden Knochentumoren. Die MRT kommt vorzugsweise zur Rezidivdiagnostik bei malignen Knochentumoren und weichteilig rezidivierender Tumoren zum Einsatz. Knochenszintigraphische Verfahren sind vorteilhaft, wenn eine primär multifokale Manifestation der Knochentumorkrankheit vorliegt bzw. eine Metastasierung vermutet wird. Die molekulare Bildgebung (Fluordesoxyglucose-Positronenemissionstomographie [FDG-PET] bzw. ihre Hybridbildgebung in Kombination mit der CT) spielt eine zunehmende Bedeutung hinsichtlich des neoadjuvanten Therapiemonitorings und der Rezidivfrüherkennung. Die aktuelle Literatur führt für die molekularen Bildgebungstechniken (PET, PET-CT) Sensitivitäten und Spezifitäten bzgl. der Rezidiverkennung von bis zu 92 % bzw. 93 % an. Die diagnostische Genauigkeit wird mit bis zu 95 % angegeben, was sowohl diejenige des CT mit 67 % und jene der MRT mit 86 % deutlich übertrifft. In ähnlicher Weise trifft dies auch für die Beurteilung der neoadjuvanten Therapie zu, wobei hier die PET-basierten Verfahren mit Hilfe prätherapeutischer SUV-Werte („standard uptake value“) prognostisch verwertbare Aussagen machen können (v. a. für Ewing-Sarkome). Die modernen Bildgebungsverfahren haben ihren Fortschritt hinsichtlich Rezidivdiagnostik und der Einschätzung des Therapieansprechens valide und reproduzierbar unter Beweis gestellt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Postoperative und posttherapeutische Veränderungen nach primären Knochentumoren
Was ist wichtig für den Radiologen?
verfasst von
Dr. T. Grieser
I.-M. Nöbauer-Huhmann
Publikationsdatum
06.10.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Radiologie / Ausgabe 11/2017
Print ISSN: 2731-7048
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7056
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-017-0304-1

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