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2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

15. Nierenzellkarzinom

verfasst von : V. Rohde

Erschienen in: Facharztwissen Urologie

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Unter den Nierenzellkarzinomen unterscheidet man das klarzellige, das papilläre und das chromophobe Nierenzellkarzinom. Weiterhin können in der Niere neuroendokrine Tumoren, das Duct-Bellini-Karzinom, Nierenzelladenome, papilläre, onkozytäre und metanephrogene Adenome auftreten. Bildgebend sichern die Sonografie und das CT (mit Kontrastmittel) bzw. das MRT die Diagnose, Biopsien erfolgen nur in Einzelfällen. Therapieoptionen sind radikale Nephrektomie oder Nierenteilresektion, sowohl offen chirurgisch als auch laparoskopisch. Bei kleinen Tumoren oder bei nicht operationsfähigen Patienten sind ablative Verfahren (Kryoablation, Radiofrequenzablation) eine Therapiealternative; Langzeitdaten hierfür fehlen jedoch. Im metastasierten Stadium sind die palliative bzw. zytoreduktive Nephrektomie und je nach Lokalisation und Ausmaß von Metastasen auch die Metastasenchirurgie therapeutische Optionen. In der systemischen Therapie der metastasierten Erkrankung werden überwiegend Thyrosinkinaseinhibitoren, mTor-Inhibitoren und VEGF-Antikörper (Target-Therapie) eingesetzt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Nierenzellkarzinom
verfasst von
V. Rohde
Copyright-Jahr
2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-44942-0_15

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