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2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

8. Pathophysiologie von Enzephalopathien

verfasst von : H.-C. Hansen

Erschienen in: Bewusstseinsstörungen und Enzephalopathien

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Schon die relativ uniforme Ausbildung der Enzephalopathie-Symptomatik durch viele unterschiedliche Auslöser suggeriert, dass verschiedene pathophysiologische Mechanismen aktiviert werden. Die Merkmale „potenzielle Reversibilität“, „initiale strukturelle Integrität“ sowie „diffus/multilokuläre Verteilung der Hirnfunktionsstörungen“ lassen vermuten, dass bei Enzephalopathien eine ausgedehnte und komplexe funktionelle Störung frühzeitig auf subzellulärem Niveau (Transmitterstoffwechsel, Volumenhomöostase) angreift. Betroffen scheint die gesamte neurovaskuläre Einheit, wo – abhängig von Dauer und Ausmaß der Schädigung – auch strukturelle Schäden zumindest an Gliazellen und Neuronen auftreten. Neuroinflammation und neurovaskuläre Prozesse sowie psycho-neuroendokrine Mechanismen werden als Teilkomponenten dieser Schädigung diskutiert. Der Beitrag einzelner Funktionsstörungen ist dabei noch nicht ausreichend geklärt und spezifische therapeutische Ansätze noch im Anfangsstadium.
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Metadaten
Titel
Pathophysiologie Enzephalopathien Pathophysiologie von Enzephalopathien
verfasst von
H.-C. Hansen
Copyright-Jahr
2013
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36915-5_8

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