Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports 9/2022

13.07.2022 | Hospital Management of Diabetes (A Wallia and J Jeffrie Seley, Section Editors)

Pharmacist Role in Providing Inpatient Diabetes Management

verfasst von: J. T. Knezevich, A. C. Donihi, A. T. Drincic

Erschienen in: Current Diabetes Reports | Ausgabe 9/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Glycemic management of hospitalized patients remains a growing burden in organizations across the country. Attainment of well-established glycemic targets has shown improved clinical outcomes. Empowered glucose management interdisciplinary teams are critical in organizations attaining improved outcomes. Pharmacists possess diverse knowledge and skills that uniquely position them to take a leadership role in healthcare organizations’ efforts to achieve safe and effective glycemic outcomes in hospitalized patients.

Recent Findings

Various models of pharmacy care have demonstrated success in improving patient outcomes related to acute care glycemic management. The authors of this manuscript will summarize published data related to improved outcomes when pharmacists are utilized in a patient-directed intervention model. In addition, we will describe the implementation of pharmacy stewardship, delineating the role of the pharmacist in providing oversight and shaping institutions to promote optimal glycemic management on a macrolevel.

Summary

Pharmacists have demonstrated the ability to aid institutions looking to improve acute glycemic management while serving effectively in various models of care across their respective organization.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Herman WH, Zimmet P. Type 2 diabetes: an epidemic requiring global attention and urgent action. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(5):943–4.CrossRef Herman WH, Zimmet P. Type 2 diabetes: an epidemic requiring global attention and urgent action. Diabetes Care. 2012;35(5):943–4.CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2022. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. 2022. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2022. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. 2022.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Umpierrez GE, Isaacs SD, Bazargan N, You X, Thaler LM, Kitabchi AE. Hyperglycemia: an independent marker of in hospital mortality in patients with undiagnosed diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(3):978–82.CrossRef Umpierrez GE, Isaacs SD, Bazargan N, You X, Thaler LM, Kitabchi AE. Hyperglycemia: an independent marker of in hospital mortality in patients with undiagnosed diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(3):978–82.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Lansang MC, Umpierrez GE. Inpatient hyperglycemia management: a practical review for primary medical and surgical teams. Cleve Clin J Med. 2016;83(1):S34–43.CrossRef Lansang MC, Umpierrez GE. Inpatient hyperglycemia management: a practical review for primary medical and surgical teams. Cleve Clin J Med. 2016;83(1):S34–43.CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Angeli F, Reboldi G, Poltronieri C, Lazzari L, Sordi M, Garofoli M, Bartolini C, Verdecchia P. Hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndromes: from mechanisms to prognostic implications. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;9:412–24.CrossRef Angeli F, Reboldi G, Poltronieri C, Lazzari L, Sordi M, Garofoli M, Bartolini C, Verdecchia P. Hyperglycemia in acute coronary syndromes: from mechanisms to prognostic implications. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;9:412–24.CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat American Diabetes Association. 16. Diabetes care in the hospital: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(11):S244–53.CrossRef American Diabetes Association. 16. Diabetes care in the hospital: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(11):S244–53.CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Moghissi ES, Korytkowski MT, DiNardo M, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Diabetes Association consensus statement on inpatient glycemic control. Endocr Pract. 2009;15:353–69.CrossRef Moghissi ES, Korytkowski MT, DiNardo M, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Diabetes Association consensus statement on inpatient glycemic control. Endocr Pract. 2009;15:353–69.CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Umpierrez GE, Hellman R, Korytkowski MT, Kosiborod M, Maynard GA, Montori VM, Seley JJ, Van den Berghe G, Endocrine Society. Management of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients in non-critical care setting: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(1):16–38.CrossRef Umpierrez GE, Hellman R, Korytkowski MT, Kosiborod M, Maynard GA, Montori VM, Seley JJ, Van den Berghe G, Endocrine Society. Management of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients in non-critical care setting: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(1):16–38.CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat •• Donihi AC, Moorman JM, Abla A, Hanania R, Carneal D. Pharmacists’ role in glycemic management in the inpatient setting: an opinion of the endocrine and metabolism practice and research network of the America College of Clinical Pharmacy. J Am Coll Clin Pharm. 2019;2:167–76. Opinion paper of the Endocrine and Metabolism Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP). Recognizes the various roles and responsibilities hospital pharmacists exemplify while improving glycemic safety and outcomes.CrossRef •• Donihi AC, Moorman JM, Abla A, Hanania R, Carneal D. Pharmacists’ role in glycemic management in the inpatient setting: an opinion of the endocrine and metabolism practice and research network of the America College of Clinical Pharmacy. J Am Coll Clin Pharm. 2019;2:167–76. Opinion paper of the Endocrine and Metabolism Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP). Recognizes the various roles and responsibilities hospital pharmacists exemplify while improving glycemic safety and outcomes.CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Nguyen CT, Seto A, Rushakoff R, MacMaster HW. Pharmacists’ impact on glycemic control among surgical patients at a large academic institution. Clin Diabetes. 2016;34(2):105–8.CrossRef Nguyen CT, Seto A, Rushakoff R, MacMaster HW. Pharmacists’ impact on glycemic control among surgical patients at a large academic institution. Clin Diabetes. 2016;34(2):105–8.CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat • Ketz JM, Yeh EJ, Suri S. Collaboration of hospital pharmacists and hospitalists to address glycemic control of general medicine patients: implementation of a pilot inpatient diabetes management program. Clin Diabetes. 2020;38(1):71–7. Recent, large, open-label parallel trial evaluating the effect pharmacist recommendations had on hospitalists modifying inpatient insulin dosing as well as discharging patients on an appropriate basal insulin regimen.CrossRef • Ketz JM, Yeh EJ, Suri S. Collaboration of hospital pharmacists and hospitalists to address glycemic control of general medicine patients: implementation of a pilot inpatient diabetes management program. Clin Diabetes. 2020;38(1):71–7. Recent, large, open-label parallel trial evaluating the effect pharmacist recommendations had on hospitalists modifying inpatient insulin dosing as well as discharging patients on an appropriate basal insulin regimen.CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Sachdev G, Kliethermes MA, Vernon V, et al. Current status of prescriptive authority by pharmacists in the United States. J Am Coll Clin Pharm. 2020;3:807–17.CrossRef Sachdev G, Kliethermes MA, Vernon V, et al. Current status of prescriptive authority by pharmacists in the United States. J Am Coll Clin Pharm. 2020;3:807–17.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Weaver KK. Collaborative practice agreements: explaining the basics. Pharmacy Today. 2018;24(3):55.CrossRef Weaver KK. Collaborative practice agreements: explaining the basics. Pharmacy Today. 2018;24(3):55.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Warrington L, Ayers P, Baldwin AM, Wallace V, Riche KD, Saulters R, Waldrop OG, Dyess T, Delashmet GB, Peeples S, Horsley WS, Harris WJ 3rd, Butler K Jr. Implementation of a pharmacist-led, multidisciplinary diabetes management team. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2012;69(14):1240–5. https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp110297.CrossRefPubMed Warrington L, Ayers P, Baldwin AM, Wallace V, Riche KD, Saulters R, Waldrop OG, Dyess T, Delashmet GB, Peeples S, Horsley WS, Harris WJ 3rd, Butler K Jr. Implementation of a pharmacist-led, multidisciplinary diabetes management team. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2012;69(14):1240–5. https://​doi.​org/​10.​2146/​ajhp110297.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Mularski KS, Yeh CP, Bains JK, Mosen DM, Hill AK, Mularski RA. Pharmacist glycemic control team improves quality of glycemic control in surgical patients with perioperative dysglycemia. Perm J. 2012;16(1):28–33.CrossRef Mularski KS, Yeh CP, Bains JK, Mosen DM, Hill AK, Mularski RA. Pharmacist glycemic control team improves quality of glycemic control in surgical patients with perioperative dysglycemia. Perm J. 2012;16(1):28–33.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat • Hodges A, Hall J, Castellanos E, Laue E, Ellis T, Oelschlaeger L. Implementing a pharmacist consultation model for multimodal insulin therapy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017;74(9):e224–9. Study within a community hospital illustrating the effectiveness by which pharmacists efficiently identify and successfully implement protocol-directed glycemic management within a CPA.CrossRef • Hodges A, Hall J, Castellanos E, Laue E, Ellis T, Oelschlaeger L. Implementing a pharmacist consultation model for multimodal insulin therapy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017;74(9):e224–9. Study within a community hospital illustrating the effectiveness by which pharmacists efficiently identify and successfully implement protocol-directed glycemic management within a CPA.CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Powers MA, Bardsley JK, Cypress M, Funnell MM, Harms D, Hess-Fischl A, Hooks B, Isaacs D, Mandel ED, Maryniuk MD, Norton A, Rinker J, Siminerio LM, Uelmen S. Diabetes self-management education and support in adults with type 2 diabetes: a consensus report of the American Diabetes Association, the Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of PAs, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, and the American Pharmacists Association. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):1636–49.CrossRef Powers MA, Bardsley JK, Cypress M, Funnell MM, Harms D, Hess-Fischl A, Hooks B, Isaacs D, Mandel ED, Maryniuk MD, Norton A, Rinker J, Siminerio LM, Uelmen S. Diabetes self-management education and support in adults with type 2 diabetes: a consensus report of the American Diabetes Association, the Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Academy of PAs, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, and the American Pharmacists Association. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(7):1636–49.CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Nassar CM, Montero A, Magee MF. Inpatient diabetes education in the real world: an overview of guidelines and delivery models. Curr Diab Rep. 2019;19(10):103.CrossRef Nassar CM, Montero A, Magee MF. Inpatient diabetes education in the real world: an overview of guidelines and delivery models. Curr Diab Rep. 2019;19(10):103.CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Shah M, Norwood CA, Farias S, Ibrahim S, Chong PH, Fogelfeld L. Diabetes transitional care from inpatient to outpatient setting: pharmacist discharge counseling. J Pharm Pract. 2013;26(2):120–4.CrossRef Shah M, Norwood CA, Farias S, Ibrahim S, Chong PH, Fogelfeld L. Diabetes transitional care from inpatient to outpatient setting: pharmacist discharge counseling. J Pharm Pract. 2013;26(2):120–4.CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Korytkowski M, Dinardo M, Donihi AC, Bigi L, Devita M. Evolution of a diabetes inpatient safety committee. Endocr Pract. 2006;12(Suppl 3):91–9.CrossRef Korytkowski M, Dinardo M, Donihi AC, Bigi L, Devita M. Evolution of a diabetes inpatient safety committee. Endocr Pract. 2006;12(Suppl 3):91–9.CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Munoz M, Pronovost P, Dintzis J, et al. Implementing and evaluating a multicomponent inpatient diabetes management program: putting research into practice. Jt Comm J Qual Saf. 2012;38(5):195–206. Munoz M, Pronovost P, Dintzis J, et al. Implementing and evaluating a multicomponent inpatient diabetes management program: putting research into practice. Jt Comm J Qual Saf. 2012;38(5):195–206.
28.
Zurück zum Zitat • Drincic AT, Akkireddy P, Knezevich JT. Common models used for inpatient diabetes management. Curr Diab Rep. 2018;18(3):10. Globally, outlines the various models of care related to inpatient diabetes management.CrossRef • Drincic AT, Akkireddy P, Knezevich JT. Common models used for inpatient diabetes management. Curr Diab Rep. 2018;18(3):10. Globally, outlines the various models of care related to inpatient diabetes management.CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Maynard GA, Childers D, Holdych J, Kendall H, Hoag T, Harrison K. Improving glycemic control safely in non-critical care patients: a collaborative systems approach in nine hospitals. Jt Comm J Qual Saf. 2017;43(4):179–88. Maynard GA, Childers D, Holdych J, Kendall H, Hoag T, Harrison K. Improving glycemic control safely in non-critical care patients: a collaborative systems approach in nine hospitals. Jt Comm J Qual Saf. 2017;43(4):179–88.
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Goff DA. Antimicrobial stewardship: bridging the gap between quality care and cost. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011;24(Suppl 1):S11-20.CrossRef Goff DA. Antimicrobial stewardship: bridging the gap between quality care and cost. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011;24(Suppl 1):S11-20.CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Maynard G, Schnipper JL, Messler J, et al. Design and implementation of a web-based reporting and benchmarking center for inpatient glucometrics. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2014;8(4):630–40.CrossRef Maynard G, Schnipper JL, Messler J, et al. Design and implementation of a web-based reporting and benchmarking center for inpatient glucometrics. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2014;8(4):630–40.CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Donihi AC, Gibson J, DiNardo M, Koerbel G, Korytkowski MT. Effect of a targeted glycemic management program on provider response to inpatient hyperglycemia. Endocr Pract. 2011;17:552–7.CrossRef Donihi AC, Gibson J, DiNardo M, Koerbel G, Korytkowski MT. Effect of a targeted glycemic management program on provider response to inpatient hyperglycemia. Endocr Pract. 2011;17:552–7.CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Mendez CE, Ata A, Rourke JM, Stain SC, Umpierrez G. Daily inpatient glycemic survey (DINGS): a process to remotely identify and assist in the management of hospitalized patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia. Endocr Pract. 2015;21(8):927–35.CrossRef Mendez CE, Ata A, Rourke JM, Stain SC, Umpierrez G. Daily inpatient glycemic survey (DINGS): a process to remotely identify and assist in the management of hospitalized patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia. Endocr Pract. 2015;21(8):927–35.CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Rushakoff RJ, Sullivan MM, MacMaster HW, Shah AD, Rajkomar A, Glidden DV, et al. Association between a virtual glucose management service and glycemic control in hospitalized adult patients: an observational study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(9):621–7.CrossRef Rushakoff RJ, Sullivan MM, MacMaster HW, Shah AD, Rajkomar A, Glidden DV, et al. Association between a virtual glucose management service and glycemic control in hospitalized adult patients: an observational study. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(9):621–7.CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Revisions to advanced certification requirements for inpatient diabetes care. Joint Commission Perspectives. 2016;36(11):8–11. Revisions to advanced certification requirements for inpatient diabetes care. Joint Commission Perspectives. 2016;36(11):8–11.
Metadaten
Titel
Pharmacist Role in Providing Inpatient Diabetes Management
verfasst von
J. T. Knezevich
A. C. Donihi
A. T. Drincic
Publikationsdatum
13.07.2022
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Diabetes Reports / Ausgabe 9/2022
Print ISSN: 1534-4827
Elektronische ISSN: 1539-0829
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-022-01487-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 9/2022

Current Diabetes Reports 9/2022 Zur Ausgabe

Health Care Delivery Systems and Implementation in Diabetes (ME McDonnell and AR Sadhu, Section Editor)

Electronic Health Record–Based Decision-Making Support in Inpatient Diabetes Management

Hospital Management of Diabetes (A Wallia and JJ Seley, Section Editors)

CGM in the Hospital: Is It Ready for Prime Time?

Pediatric Type 2 and Monogenic Diabetes (O Pinhas-Hamiel , Section Editor)

Diabetes Out-of-the-Box: Diabetes Mellitus and Impairment in Hearing and Vision

Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance (M-E Patti, Section Editor)

Lipodystrophy for the Diabetologist—What to Look For

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.