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Erschienen in: Die Urologie 4/2022

08.03.2022 | Computertomografie | Leitthema

Moderne Schnittbildgebung für urologische Erkrankungen

verfasst von: Dr. Gita M. Schoenberg, Viktoria Schuetz, Joanne N. Nyarangi-Dix, Steffen J. Diehl, Rafael Heiss, Boris Adamietz

Erschienen in: Die Urologie | Ausgabe 4/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Radiologische Bildgebung spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei Detektion, Staging und Nachsorge von urologischen Tumoren. Grundlegende Therapieentscheidungen sowohl bei onkologischen (operative vs. systemische Therapie, z. B. bei Hodentumoren) als auch bei nichtonkologischen Pathologien (interventionelle vs. konservative Therapie z. B. bei Harnleitersteinen) hängen zum Großteil von der durchgeführten Schnittbildgebung ab. Die Computertomographie (CT) hat aufgrund ihrer fast ubiquitären Verfügbarkeit, Schnelligkeit und Kosteneffizienz nicht nur in der Abklärung von abdominellem Traumen und nicht-traumatischen Notfällen, sondern auch beim Staging und Follow-up onkologischer Patienten ihren Platz gefunden. Die Indikation zur CT sollte jedoch unter Berücksichtigung der Strahlenbelastung streng indiziert werden. Eine eingeschränkte Nierenfunktion und Allergien auf jodhaltige Kontrastmittel limitieren zudem den Einsatz der CT. Die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) stellt ohne den Einsatz ionisierender Strahlung mit funktionell spezifischen Protokollen und hohem Weichteilkontrast eine gute Alternative für viele Einsatzgebiete in der onkologischen und nichtonkologischen Bildgebung dar.

Ziel der Arbeit

Nachfolgend soll eine Übersicht über wesentliche Indikationen der CT-/MRT-Abdomen/-Becken in der Urologie gegeben und deren Limitationen aufgezeigt werden.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Anwendungsgebiete zwischen CT und MRT überschneiden sich zunehmend, da durch neuste Entwicklungen in der CT die Strahlenexposition stetig reduziert und gleichzeitig die Kontrastinformation erhöht werden kann, während sich parallel dazu in der MRT die Untersuchungsgeschwindigkeit und Robustheit bedeutend verbessern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Moderne Schnittbildgebung für urologische Erkrankungen
verfasst von
Dr. Gita M. Schoenberg
Viktoria Schuetz
Joanne N. Nyarangi-Dix
Steffen J. Diehl
Rafael Heiss
Boris Adamietz
Publikationsdatum
08.03.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Urologie / Ausgabe 4/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7064
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7072
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-022-01792-w

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