Background
Methods
Selection criteria
Data sources
Search strategy
Study selection
Data collection
Quality measure
Quality tool components | |
---|---|
1 | Baseline population size A) Exact number (score = 3) B) Approximate number (score = 2) C) Other description of size (score = 1) D) Not specified (score = 0) |
2 | Baseline population age AI) Exact age range specified for total population (score = 4) AII) Broad age range specified for total population (score = 3) BI) Exact age range specified for analyses (score = 2) BII) Broad age range specified for analyses (score = 1) C) Not specified (score = 0) |
3 | Baseline population sex A) Specified (score = 1) B) Not specified (score = 0) |
4 | Baseline population A) Named with description (score = 2) B) Named only (score = 1) C) Not specified (score = 0) |
5 | Dementia ascertainment AI) Sources and specific criteria clearly described (score = 3) AII) Sources and specific criteria less clearly described (score = 2) B) Sources named but no specific criteria described (score = 1) C) Unclear/ not described (score = 0) |
6 | Dementia cases A) Number plus comparison to expected/ documented rate (external UK comparison) (score = 2) B) Number only (score = 1) C) Not specified (score = 0) |
7 | Time/ period/ date A) Specified B) Not specified/ unclear |
Results
Article selection
Author | Study topic | Dementia outcome/ cohorta
| Existing data use | Data sources | Dementia criteria | Validation/ comparisonb
| Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baker et al. [56] | Hip fracture risk and mortality in AD | Cohort | Full | THINe
| Diagnostic code for AD, OR Prescription for an AD defining drug. | No | 9 |
Brayne et al. [31] | Dementia at death and prevention | Outcome | Part | Death certificates | ICD-10 codes for dementia. | Yes | 15 |
Brayne et al. [30] | Neuropathological correlates of dementia | Outcome | Part | Death certificates | DSM-IV criteria using data from all sources including death certificates | Yes | 15 |
Chen et al. [32] | Health care resource utilisation in AD | Cohort | Full | CPRDf
| Diagnosis of AD. | No | 8 |
Clarke et al. [4] | Dementia incidence | Outcome | Part | Death certificates, hospital case notes | ‘Diagnostic information’ from both sources. | Yes | 14 |
Cook et al. [37] | Incidence of stroke and seizure in AD | Cohort | Full | THINe
| Read codes for AD. | No | 9 |
Crugel et al. [7] | Antipsychotic use in dementia | Cohort | Part | Electronic clinical records for trust (Rio) | Confirmed ICD-10 diagnosis of dementia. | No | 7 |
Doll et al. [42] | Smoking and dementia | Outcome | Full | Death certificates | Dementia ‘mentioned’ on death certificate. | Yes | 11 |
Dregan et al. [57] | Inflammation, related therapy and dementia | Outcome | Full | CPRDf
| Diagnostic codes for dementia. | No | 13 |
Goh et al. [13] | Angiotensin receptor blockers and dementia | Outcome | Full | CPRDf
| Read codes for dementia. | No | 14 |
Grant et al. [58] | Incontinence and dementia | Cohort | Full | THINe
| One or more codes dementia codes, OR Two or more prescriptions for drugs to treat dementia. | No | 14 |
Guthrie et al. [16] | Psychotropic drug prescribing in dementia | Cohort | Full | SPICE-PCh
| Read codes for dementia, OR Prescription of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. | Yes | 14 |
Heath et al. [9] | Vascular comorbidities in early onset dementia | Outcome | Full | General practice research dataset (unnamed) | Read codes for dementia, OR Prescription of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. | Yes | 16 |
Houttekier et al. [59] | Place of death in dementia | Both | Full | Death certificates | ICD-10 codes for dementia. | No | 13 |
Imfeld et al. [11] | Epidemiology, comorbidities and medication in AD & VD | Outcome | Full | GPRDg
| Stage I: read code for dementia, OR, prescription for acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Stage II: algorithm for AD or VD (based on DSM-IV, NINCDS-ADRDA, NINDS-AIREN, NICE & SIGN). | Yes | 9 |
Karlinsky et al. [60] | AD in twins | Outcome | Full | Hospital twin register, hospital case notes | Stage I: discharge diagnosis suggestive of dementia on register, Stage II: case note diagnosis of AD according to DSM-III-R criteria. | No | 10 |
Keenan et al. [29] | Glaucoma and AD/ VD | Both | Full | Hospital Episode Statistics | ICD-10 diagnostic code for AD or VD. | No | 15 |
Kehoe et al. [35] | Angiotensin targeting anti-hypertensives, mortality and hospitalisation in dementia | Cohort | Full | GPRDg
| Read codes for dementia. | No | 9 |
Lu et al. [61] | Gout and risk of AD | Outcome | Full | THINe
| Diagnostic codes for AD. | No | 14 |
Martinez et al. [62] | Trends in antipsychotic drug use in dementia | Cohort | Full | CPRDf
| Read codes for dementia. | No | 9 |
McCarthy et al. [33] | Experience of dying with dementia | Both | Full | Death certificates | Dementia diagnosis coded. | No | 8 |
McGonigal et al. [22] | Epidemiology of pre-senile AD | Outcome | Full |
dISD Scotland data for psychiatric hospitals, hospital records | Stage I: diagnostic codes for dementia in SMR, Stage II: NINCDS-ADRDA criteria and Hachinski score applied to records. | Yes | 13 |
Morgan et al. [63] | Physical activity in midlife and dementia | Outcome | Part | Death certificates | Mention of dementia in either part one or part two of death certificate (used in conjunction with new data at consensus) | No | 15 |
Newens et al. [26] | Ascertainment, incidence, prevalence & survival in pre-senile AD | Outcome | Part | Electronic hospital information systems (cHAA, MHE, Körner), neuroradiology records, case notes | Stage I: potential cases identified by ICD-9 codes from information systems, referrals for CT with dementing process, (and contact with services). Stage II: case notes for all examined for DSM-III-R criteria for dementia, then algorithm for pre-senile AD. | Yes | 13 |
Palmer et al. [8] | Dementia and occupational exposure to solvents | Cohort | Full | CT records, hospital case notes | Exact criteria not specified. | No | 7 |
Pendlebury et al. [5] | Risk of dementia after TIA and stroke | Outcome | Part | Clinical records (hospital & GP), death certificates | Recorded diagnosis of dementia in primary care record, DSM-IV criteria met after searching the primary care record or dementia listed on death certificate. | No | 14 |
Perera et al. [34] | Response to acetylcholinesterase inhibition in dementia | Cohort | Full | Electronic medical records, hospital trust case register | Patients receiving Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor. | No | 8 |
Qizilbash et al. [14] | BMI and risk of dementia | Outcome | Full | CPRDf, death certificates | Dementia term recorded in CPRD*, OR Dementia diagnosis on death certificate. | No | 13 |
Rait et al. [17] | Survival in dementia | Both | Full | THINe
| Read codes for dementia. | Yes | 10 |
Renvoize et al. [23] | Prevalence of young onset dementia | Outcome | Part | Local computerised information systems, medical and social care records | Stage I: discharge diagnosis of dementia in computer system, Stage II: “criteria for dementia” from notes (criteria not specified) | Yes | 13 |
Reyniers et al. [18] | International variation in place of death in dementia | Cohort | Full | Death certificates | ICD-10 dementia diagnosis. | No | 10 |
Russ et al. [10] | Geographical variation in dementia (Scottish sub-study only) | Outcome | Full |
dISD Scotland data, death certificates, records for a nursing home medical practice | ICD-9 & 10 codes for dementia from dSMR data and death certificates, and dementia status reported by a medical practice. | Yes | 16 |
Ryan [27] | Hospital incidence rates in dementia | Outcome | Full |
dISD Scotland data. | ICD-8 & 9 codes for dementia. | Yes | 14 |
Sampson et al. [24] | Differences in care for those with and without dementia | Cohort | Full | Medical notes | Formal diagnosis of dementia recorded. | No | 13 |
Seshadri et al. [12] | Oestrogen replacement therapy and the risk of AD | Both | Full | GPRD*, GP records | Stage I: computer diagnosis of dementia, Stage II: records for each reviewed to confirm diagnosis based on NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. | Yes | 14 |
Shah et al. [25] | Dementia and influenza vaccination uptake | Outcome | Full | THINe
| Read codes for dementia. | Yes | 12 |
Sleeman et al. [19] | Place of death and dementia | Cohort | Full | Death certificates | ICD-10 codes for dementia. | No | 8 |
Sorahan et al. [20] | AD, MND and PD in magnetic field exposure | Outcome | Full | Death records | ICD 9 & 10 codes for dementia. | No | 12 |
Stephens et al. [28] | Prescribing of antipsychotics in dementia on the acute general hospital | Cohort | Full | Hospital Episode Statistics, linked to pharmacy records | ICD-10 code diagnosis of dementia. | No | 9 |
Su et al. [64] | MMSE as a predictor of mortality | Cohort | Full | Hospital trust case register | ICD-10 codes for dementia. | No | 14 |
De Vries et al. [65] | Dementia deaths in a hospice | Outcome | Full | Hospice case notes/ referrals | Formal diagnosis of dementia in the notes, other evidence in the notes (no exact criteria given). | Yes | 12 |
Whalley et al. [66] | Effects of anticholinergic drugs on cognition | Outcome | Part | Clinical records, imaging results | Diagnoses based on ICD-10 criteria, using all source data. | No | 15 |
Whalley et al. [67] | Childhood mental ability and dementia (Late onset sub-study only) | Outcome | Part | Psychiatric case register, hospital records | Stage I: diagnosis of dementia on register, Stage II: ICD-10 diagnosis of dementia in case notes. | No | 14 |
White et al. [68] | Dementia, walking outdoors and getting lost | Outcome | Full | Missing persons reports | Presence of a key dementia term. | No | 11 |
Wilcock et al. [69] | Educational intervention to improve the management of dementia | Outcome | Full | Electronic GP records | Search for dementia in records- exact criteria not specified. | No | 10 |
Woodburn et al. [70] | Features of early onset dementia in Scotland | Cohort | Part | Psychiatric case register, neurology service records, case notes | Stage I: ICD-9 codes for dementia in register, Stage II: Feighner criteria for Organic Brain Syndrome applied to notes (criteria for neurology records not specified) | No | 12 |
Wotton et al. [71] | Obesity and subsequent dementia | Outcome | Full | Hospital Episode Statistics linked with death records | ICD-9 & 10 codes for dementia. | No | 14 |