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Current HIV/AIDS Reports
Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports 1/2017

21.01.2017 | HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay and N Utay, Section Editors)

Dendritic Cell Immune Responses in HIV-1 Controllers

verfasst von: Enrique Martin-Gayo, Xu G. Yu

Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Ausgabe 1/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Robust HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses are currently regarded as the main correlate of immune defense in rare individuals who achieve natural, drug-free control of HIV-1; however, the mechanisms that support evolution of such powerful immune responses are not well understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized innate immune cells critical for immune recognition, immune regulation, and immune induction, but their possible contribution to HIV-1 immune defense in controllers remains ill-defined.

Recent Findings

Recent studies suggest that myeloid DCs from controllers have improved abilities to recognize HIV-1 through cytoplasmic immune sensors, resulting in more potent, cell-intrinsic type I interferon secretion in response to viral infection. This innate immune response may facilitate DC-mediated induction of highly potent antiviral HIV-1-specific T cells. Moreover, protective HLA class I isotypes restricting HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells may influence DC function through specific interactions with innate myelomonocytic MHC class I receptors from the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family.

Summary

Bi-directional interactions between dendritic cells and HIV-1-specific T cells may contribute to natural HIV-1 immune control, highlighting the importance of a fine-tuned interplay between innate and adaptive immune activities for effective antiviral immune defense.
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Metadaten
Titel
Dendritic Cell Immune Responses in HIV-1 Controllers
verfasst von
Enrique Martin-Gayo
Xu G. Yu
Publikationsdatum
21.01.2017
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Ausgabe 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Elektronische ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-017-0345-0

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