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Erschienen in: Der Radiologe 5/2014

01.05.2014 | Leitthema

Detektion pulmonaler Rundherde

Neue Möglichkeiten der Thoraxradiographie

verfasst von: Dr. S. Pötter-Lang, S. Schalekamp, C. Schaefer-Prokop, M. Uffmann

Erschienen in: Die Radiologie | Ausgabe 5/2014

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das Thoraxröntgen mit den Vorteilen der schnellen Verfügbarkeit, geringen Strahlendosis und geringen Kosten ist unverändert die häufigste radiologische Untersuchung. Es wurde jedoch vielfach publiziert, dass primär im Thoraxröntgen übersehene Lungenrundherde retrospektiv sichtbar waren.

Radiologisches Standardverfahren

Die großen Fortschritte der Detektortechnologie mit verbesserter Dosiseffizienz und Ortsauflösung der Systeme führen zu einer gesteigerten Bildqualität bei geringerem Dosisbedarf.

Methodische Innovationen

Die Dual-energy-Aufnahmetechnik sowie auch Bildverarbeitungsmethoden wie die digitale Knochensubtraktion und die „temporal subtraction“ reduzieren das „anatomische Rauschen“ durch Reduktion überlagernder Strukturen im Thoraxröntgen. Computergestützte Diagnosesysteme (CAD) erhöhen die Aufmerksamkeit der Radiologen für bestimmte suspekte Areale.

Ergebnisse

Die zukunftsweisenden Bildverarbeitungsmethoden konnten deutliche Steigerungen bei der Detektion pulmonaler Rundherde im Thoraxröntgen zeigen und so die Wertigkeit dieser Methode im Vergleich zu Schnittbildverfahren wie der CT wieder steigern.

Bewertung

Viele dieser Methoden werden wahrscheinlich in naher Zukunft in den klinischen Alltag eingebunden werden, wobei hier Softwareerweiterungen Vorteile zeigen, da sie einfacher in die radiologischen Abteilungen integriert werden können und oft auch wesentlich kostengünstiger sind als Hardwarekomponenten.
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Metadaten
Titel
Detektion pulmonaler Rundherde
Neue Möglichkeiten der Thoraxradiographie
verfasst von
Dr. S. Pötter-Lang
S. Schalekamp
C. Schaefer-Prokop
M. Uffmann
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Radiologie / Ausgabe 5/2014
Print ISSN: 2731-7048
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7056
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-013-2599-x

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