Background
Methods
Aim 1: literature search for existing PROMs
Inclusion criteria
Aim 2: face and content validity
Overview of content validation procedure
Item generation
Group interviews
Single interviews
Aim 3: psychometric validation
Patient recruitment
Statistical analysis: Rasch analysis
Data management and statistics
Results
Aim 1: literature search for existing PROMs
Aim 2: face and content validity
Item generation
Single and group interviews
Aim 3: psychometric validation
Recruitment of patients
Study 1 (all domains) n (%) | Study 2 (symptom severity only) n (%) | |
---|---|---|
Age group | ||
0–24 years | 17 (9.8) | 20 (9.9) |
25–34 years | 29 (16.7) | 23 (11.4) |
35–54 years | 50 (28.7) | 73 (36.1) |
55–69 years | 48 (27.6) | 50 (24.8) |
70 years or more | 30 (17.2) | 36 (17.8) |
Job status | ||
Employed | 90 (51.7) | No data |
Under education | 21 (12.1) | No data |
Job seeking | 7 (4.0) | No data |
Retired or otherwise not job seeking | 56 (32.2) | No data |
Confirmed UTI (growth in urine culture) | ||
Confirmed UTI | 133 (76.4) | 118 (58.4) |
No UTI | 41 (23.6) | 84 (41.6) |
Rasch analysis
Dimension (n items) | CLR χ
2
| DF |
P
| Chronbach alpha | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symptoms | Dysuria (3) | 12.1 | 8 | 0.146 | 0.554 |
Frequency (4) | 17.2 | 11 | 0.102 | 0.823 | |
Lower back (2) | 8.5 | 5 | 0.132 | 0.938 | |
General (3) | 8.4 | 8 | 0.392 | 0.735 | |
Bothersomeness | Dysuria (3) | 6.2 | 8 | 0.629 | 0.574 |
Frequency (4) | 21.1 | 11 | 0.032 | 0.839 | |
Lower back (2) | 0.3 | 5 | 0.998 | 0.930 | |
General (3) | 4.2 | 8 | 0.840 | 0.716 | |
Daily Activities | Daily activities (5) | 22.6 | 14 | 0.067 | 0.888 |
Final dimension | Item number | Item | Item rest-score | SD |
P
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
observed | expected | |||||
Symptom severity | ||||||
Dysuria | 1 | Pain on urination | 0.380 | 0.367 | 0.046 | 0.765 |
2 | Difficult to empty bladder | 0.370 | 0.375 | 0.047 | 0.928 | |
3 | Uncomfortable pressure around the bladder | 0.375 | 0.365 | 0.046 | 0.831 | |
Frequency | 4 | Frequent urination - daytime | 0.704 | 0.679 | 0.034 | 0.474 |
5 | Increased urge for urination | 0.682 | 0.682 | 0.034 | 0.999 | |
6 | Has to hurry to the toilet | 0.737 | 0.690 | 0.030 | 0.118 | |
7 | Incontinence | 0.672 | 0.704 | 0.032 | 0.314 | |
Lower back | 8 | Pain in lower back | 0.957 | 0.957 | 0.011 | 0.993 |
9 | Uncomfortable pressure in lower back | 0.957 | 0.957 | 0.011 | 0.993 | |
General | 10 | Feeling unwell | 0.663 | 0.651 | 0.041 | 0.770 |
11 | Fever | 0.705 | 0.669 | 0.044 | 0.422 | |
12 | Shivering | 0.629 | 0.672 | 0.043 | 0.327 | |
Single items | 13 | Burning sensation on urination | – | – | – | – |
14 | Smelly urine | – | – | – | – | |
15 | Urine changed appearance | – | – | – | – | |
16 | Blood in urine | – | – | – | – | |
17 | Frequent urination - nighttime | – | – | – | – | |
18 | Pain around the bladder | – | – | – | – | |
Symptom bothersomeness | ||||||
Dysuria | 19 | Pain on urination | 0.396 | 0.365 | 0.067 | 0.650 |
20 | Difficulty emptying bladder | 0.385 | 0.403 | 0.067 | 0.790 | |
21 | Uncomfortable pressure around the bladder | 0.397 | 0.390 | 0.066 | 0.917 | |
Frequency | 22 | Frequent urination - daytime | 0.663 | 0.690 | 0.045 | 0.551 |
23 | Increased urge to urinate | 0.699 | 0.693 | 0.046 | 0.888 | |
24 | Has to hurry to the toilet | 0.758 | 0.704 | 0.043 | 0.217 | |
25 | Incontinence | 0.724 | 0.727 | 0.046 | 0.946 | |
Lower back | 26 | Pain in lower back | 0.966 | 0.967 | 0.014 | 0.987 |
27 | Uncomfortable pressure in lower back | 0.966 | 0.967 | 0.014 | 0.987 | |
General | 28 | Feeling unwell | 0.692 | 0.707 | 0.056 | 0.792 |
29 | Fever | 0.766 | 0.694 | 0.059 | 0.223 | |
30 | Shivering | 0.671 | 0.714 | 0.059 | 0.457 | |
Single items | 31 | Burning sensation on urination | – | – | – | – |
32 | Smelly urine | – | – | – | – | |
33 | Urine changed appearance | – | – | – | – | |
34 | Blood in urine | – | – | – | – | |
35 | Frequent urination - nighttime | – | – | – | – | |
36 | Pain around the bladder | – | – | – | – | |
Daily activities | ||||||
Daily activities | 37 | Work | 0.861 | 0.762 | 0.039 | 0.010* |
38 | Social activities | 0.811 | 0.768 | 0.038 | 0.251 | |
39 | Exercise | 0.758 | 0.775 | 0.036 | 0.652 | |
40 | Cycling | 0.620 | 0.777 | 0.042 | 0.000** | |
41 | Tasks in the home | 0.792 | 0.767 | 0.040 | 0.538 | |
Single items | 42 | Sleep | ||||
43 | Sex |