Development of Brain Structures, Connections, and Functions

Excerpt

Concepts regarding structural and functional development of the brain have changed dramatically over the last generation. The birth and death of neurons as a normal developmental process in utero and post partum allow for significant influence of environmental interaction in modeling brain development. In this issue of Neuropsychology Review, six papers, written by researchers with extensive expertise in different areas of brain development, provide evidence of the fragility, plasticity, and resilience of the developing brain. Estimation and tracking of neurodevelopmental changes are aided by a variety of neuroimaging modalities that enable safe, longitudinal examination of changing brain structure (e.g., Fig. 1) and function. The astounding importance that early childhood experiences has on neuropsychological and psychiatric health cannot be underestimated and underscores the value of early nurturing, emotional interchange, and energetic engagement in educational experiences.

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