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Erschienen in: International Urology and Nephrology 11/2019

05.08.2019 | Urology - Review

Diagnostic role of kidney injury molecule-1 in renal cell carcinoma

verfasst von: Kevin J. Zhang, George D. Wilson, Sam Kara, Audrey Majeske, Ping L. Zhang, Jason M. Hafron

Erschienen in: International Urology and Nephrology | Ausgabe 11/2019

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Abstract

Despite rapid advances in diagnostic and therapeutic medicine, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients. While there has been a shift towards earlier detection, approximately 16% of patients present with metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a glycoprotein that has been shown to be a robust and reliable biomarker of acute proximal tubular injury. As KIM-1 is mainly expressed in RCC derived from the proximal tubules, it is a reliable marker to differentiate between proximal tubular primary RCC and distal nephron primary RCC. Several studies have investigated urinary KIM-1 (uKIM-1) in RCC and demonstrated that it is a sensitive and specific marker for detecting localized RCC, as patients had markedly reduced uKIM-1 levels following nephrectomy, with uKIM-1 levels correlating with tumor size and grade. In addition, levels of KIM-1 present in plasma have also shown utility as a biomarker of RCC with levels being elevated in RCC cases at least 5 years before diagnosis. This review focuses on a progressive understanding of KIM-1 in the diagnosis of RCC using biopsies, urine, and plasma samples, and it will also provide some insight into potential roles of KIM-1 in the growth and spread of RCC.
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Metadaten
Titel
Diagnostic role of kidney injury molecule-1 in renal cell carcinoma
verfasst von
Kevin J. Zhang
George D. Wilson
Sam Kara
Audrey Majeske
Ping L. Zhang
Jason M. Hafron
Publikationsdatum
05.08.2019
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
International Urology and Nephrology / Ausgabe 11/2019
Print ISSN: 0301-1623
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2584
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-019-02231-0

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