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Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie 8/2020

06.07.2020 | Progesteron | Leitthema

Die HPO(Hypothalamus-Hypophyse-Ovar)-Achse – „revisited“

verfasst von: Carsten Gründker, Prof. Dr. Günter Emons

Erschienen in: Die Gynäkologie | Ausgabe 8/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Die Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Gonaden-Achse reguliert durch ein komplexes Zusammenspiel von Hypothalamus, Hypophyse und Ovarien den Zyklus der Frau. Das pulsatil aus dem Hypothalamus sezernierte GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing-Hormon) fördert die ebenfalls pulsatile Freisetzung von FSH (follikelstimulierendes Hormon) und LH (luteinisierendes Hormon) aus der Adenohypophyse, um anschließend Follikelreifung, Ovulation, Corpus luteum sowie die Synthese von Östrogen und Progesteron zu fördern. Vielfältige Rückkopplungsmechanismen beeinflussen wiederum die Sekretion von GnRH und Gonadotropinen auf Hypophysen- und Hypothalamusebene. Interne Einflüsse, wie Entzündungen, Metabolismus, Stresshormone oder Opioide, beeinflussen die Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Gonaden-Achse. Die ovariellen Proteohormone Inhibin und Aktivin sowie das aus Fettgewebe sezernierte Leptin sind hier noch zu nennen. Des Weiteren sind die RFamid-Peptide GnIH (Gonadotropin-inhibierendes Hormon) und Kisspeptin maßgeblich an der Regulation der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Gonaden-Achse beteiligt. Aber auch externe Einflüsse, wie Medikamente, Ernährung und Stress, sind für weitere Regulationen der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Gonaden-Achse verantwortlich.
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Metadaten
Titel
Die HPO(Hypothalamus-Hypophyse-Ovar)-Achse – „revisited“
verfasst von
Carsten Gründker
Prof. Dr. Günter Emons
Publikationsdatum
06.07.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter
Progesteron
Östrogene
Erschienen in
Die Gynäkologie / Ausgabe 8/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-7102
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7110
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-020-04630-2

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