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Erschienen in: Der Internist 3/2008

01.03.2008 | CME Weiterbildung • Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Differenzialdiagnose und -abklärung von Lymphknotenvergrößerungen

verfasst von: W. Jung, Prof. Dr. L. Trümper

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 3/2008

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Zusammenfassung

Neben der akuten entzündlichen Schwellung eines Lymphknotens, der akuten Lymphadenitis, kommen Lymphknotenvergrößerungen bei verschiedensten gut- und bösartigen Erkrankungen vor. Eine solche „Lymphadenopathie“ kann in lokalisierter oder generalisierter Form auftreten und bedarf einer weiterführenden Diagnostik. Als Ursache kommen v. a. infektiöse, immunologische, neoplastische und metabolische Erkrankungen in Frage. Anamnese und klinischer Untersuchungsbefund liefern erste diagnostische Hinweise. Lokalisierte Lymphknotenschwellungen sind oft infektiöser Genese, sodass zunächst der mögliche Infektionsherd zu identifizieren ist. Eine generalisierte Lymphadenopathie ist insbesondere im Erwachsenenalter oft Zeichen einer hämatologischen Systemerkrankung. Daher ist bei jeder über einen Monat persistierenden Lymphknotenschwellung eine invasive Diagnostik zum Ausschluss einer malignen Ursache indiziert. Hierbei ist eine histologische Untersuchung anzustreben, besonders in der Lymphomdiagnostik ist die Exzision ganzer Lymphknoten zwingend notwendig. Bei malignen Lymphomen schließen sich Staging-Untersuchungen zur Prognoseeinschätzung und Therapieplanung an.
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Metadaten
Titel
Differenzialdiagnose und -abklärung von Lymphknotenvergrößerungen
verfasst von
W. Jung
Prof. Dr. L. Trümper
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2008
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 3/2008
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-008-2016-0

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