Background
Methods
Experimental design
Subjects
Divers | Age (years) | BM (kg) | Height (cm) | FFM (kg) | FM (kg) | TBW (%) | PAL | Breakfast (kcal) | TSH (mU/L) | FT3 (pg/mL) | FT4 (pg/mL) | VO2max (mL/kg/min) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 47 | 74 | 176.0 | 63.7 | 10.3 | 63.0 | 1.7 | 600 | 1.7 | 4.01 | 12.9 | 45.2 |
2 | 45 | 75.7 | 179.5 | 60.3 | 15.4 | 58.7 | 1.6 | 500 | 1.8 | 3.89 | 13.4 | 48.5 |
3 | 44 | 64.9 | 170.5 | 55.9 | 9.0 | 63.0 | 1.7 | 600 | 2.1 | 3.86 | 14.9 | 52.2 |
4 | 39 | 68.0 | 171.5 | 59.9 | 8.1 | 64.4 | 1.6 | 400 | 1.0 | 4.02 | 14.1 | 47.1 |
5 | 41 | 60.0 | 166.0 | 51.1 | 8.9 | 62.2 | 1.7 | 500 | 3.0 | 4.68 | 15.1 | 44.3 |
6 | 42 | 53.5 | 163.0 | 47.4 | 6.1 | 64.7 | 1.5 | 400 | 1.3 | 4.56 | 12.7 | 39.2 |
7 | 44 | 49.9 | 160.0 | 39.0 | 10.9 | 56.9 | 1.5 | 400 | 2.4 | 3.97 | 13.3 | 46.7 |
8 | 51 | 58.7 | 165.0 | 50.5 | 8.3 | 62.9 | 1.5 | 400 | 1.8 | 3.99 | 13.7 | 44.3 |
Mean ± SD | 44.1 ± 3.7 | 63.1 ± 9.2 | 168.9 ± 6.6 | 53.5 ± 8.1 | 9.6 ± 2.7 | 62.0 ± 2.7 | 1.62 ± 0.1 | 475 ± 88.6 | 1.89 ± 0.6 | 4.12 ± 0.3 | 13.8 ± 0.9 | 45.9 ± 3.8 |
Food frequency questionnaire
Calorie needs
Anthropometric measurements
Dietary protocol
Assessment of metabolic and hemodynamic variables
Data analysis
Results
Parameter (Units) | BLa (mmol∙L−1) | SaO2 (%) | Glu (mg · dL−1) | HR (bpm) | SV (ml) | CO (L∙min−1) | SV/VET (ml · sec-1) | MBP (mmHg) | SVR (dyne · s/cm5) | TFI (Ohms) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breakfast | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 98.9 ± 0.4 | 81.1 ± 11.8 | 67.2 ± 6.0 | 72.0 ± 9.8 | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 234.2 ± 47.9 | 90.8 ± 10.2 | 1586.6 ± 305.9 | 31.5 ± 2.0 |
Fasting | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 98.6 ± 0.5 | 86.8 ± 7.8 | 66.3 ± 4.0 | 74.8 ± 8.3 | 5.0 ± 0.6 | 265.9 ± 25.3 | 89.2 ± 7.9 | 1497.4 ± 289.4 | 30.3 ± 1.4 |
Parameter (Units) | MDT (sec) | BLa (mmol∙L−1) | SaO2 (%) | Glu (mg · dL−1) | MBP (mmHg) | SVR (dyne · s · cm−5) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breakfast | 93.4 ± 12.1 | 5.3 ± 1.1 | 89.4 ± 2.9 | 97.3 ± 14.4 | 115.2 ± 7.9 | 1225.9 ± 145.6 |
Fasting | 103.8 ± 13.8* | 4.2 ± 0.7* | 92.0 ± 2.7* | 100.3 ± 17.1 | 114.6 ± 6.7 | 1276.6 ± 194.7 |