Background
Data
Outcome
Independent variables
Exposure of interest
Covariates
Methods
Results
Women
|
Women
|
Women
|
Men
|
Men
| ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998–99
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
| ||||||
%
|
Freq
|
%
|
Freq
|
%
|
Freq
|
%
|
Freq
|
%
|
Freq
| |
Most developed states
| ||||||||||
Overweight
| 18.24 | 2220 | 24.12 | 3377 | 27.26 | 13,598 | 14.19 | 1658 | 24.15 | 3323 |
Age 15–29
| 38.44 | 4677 | 33.84 | 4737 | 33.11 | 16,518 | 48.73 | 6041 | 44.76 | 7056 |
Age 30–39
| 36.05 | 4386 | 38.90 | 5446 | 36.15 | 18,033 | 25.58 | 3145 | 25.76 | 4054 |
Age 40–49 (54 males)
| 25.52 | 3105 | 27.26 | 3817 | 30.73 | 15,331 | 25.69 | 3088 | 29.48 | 4454 |
Urban
| 40.35 | 4910 | 49.40 | 6916 | 35.40 | 17,656 | 59.26 | 7294 | 37.31 | 5788 |
Rural
| 59.65 | 7258 | 50.60 | 7084 | 64.60 | 32,226 | 40.74 | 4980 | 62.69 | 9776 |
No Education
| 32.10 | 3905 | 23.64 | 3309 | 19.30 | 9626 | 6.98 | 1010 | 6.15 | 1292 |
Primary
| 18.85 | 2294 | 15.43 | 2160 | 13.57 | 6771 | 13.85 | 1741 | 10.20 | 1856 |
Secondary
| 35.93 | 4371 | 50.21 | 7030 | 54.48 | 27,178 | 63.25 | 7624 | 64.47 | 9784 |
Higher
| 13.13 | 1597 | 10.72 | 1501 | 12.64 | 6307 | 15.92 | 1895 | 19.18 | 2632 |
Lower SoL
| 44.28 | 5373 | 30.39 | 4250 | 8.97 | 4447 | 36.43 | 4524 | 8.74 | 1693 |
Middle SoL
| 39.74 | 4822 | 34.77 | 4862 | 26.18 | 12,985 | 34.52 | 4335 | 24.97 | 4418 |
Higher SoL
| 15.99 | 1940 | 34.84 | 4873 | 64.85 | 32,161 | 29.05 | 3406 | 66.29 | 9351 |
Married
| 93.41 | 11,366 | 93.24 | 13,053 | 94.16 | 46,971 | 58.96 | 7339 | 62.11 | 9961 |
Not Married
| 6.59 | 802 | 6.76 | 947 | 5.84 | 2911 | 41.04 | 4935 | 37.89 | 5603 |
Least developed states
| ||||||||||
Overweight
| 6.00 | 1336 | 14.67 | 3002 | 18.51 | 31,546 | 9.56 | 1853 | 12.88 | 4544 |
Age 15–29
| 46.49 | 10,352 | 39.32 | 8044 | 36.88 | 62,868 | 51.00 | 9882 | 49.02 | 17,300 |
Age 30–39
| 32.19 | 7168 | 35.94 | 7353 | 34.71 | 59,173 | 24.87 | 4819 | 24.16 | 8527 |
Age 40–49 (54 males)
| 21.32 | 4746 | 24.74 | 5062 | 28.41 | 48,429 | 24.13 | 4676 | 26.82 | 9465 |
Urban
| 20.50 | 4564 | 40.75 | 8338 | 22.98 | 39,174 | 46.62 | 9034 | 27.55 | 9724 |
Rural
| 79.50 | 17,702 | 59.25 | 12,121 | 77.02 | 131,296 | 53.38 | 10,343 | 72.45 | 25,568 |
No Education
| 62.67 | 13,951 | 48.88 | 9999 | 44.43 | 75,735 | 16.12 | 3122 | 16.49 | 5820 |
Primary
| 14.22 | 3166 | 13.52 | 2766 | 14.29 | 24,364 | 13.77 | 2667 | 14.14 | 4990 |
Secondary
| 16.14 | 3594 | 28.94 | 5921 | 33.91 | 57,798 | 53.78 | 10,416 | 55.35 | 19,535 |
Higher
| 6.96 | 1550 | 8.66 | 1771 | 7.38 | 12,573 | 16.34 | 3164 | 14.02 | 4947 |
Lower SoL
| 69.21 | 15,333 | 55.29 | 11,301 | 30.03 | 47,214 | 51.81 | 10,032 | 28.21 | 9164 |
Middle SoL
| 24.98 | 5534 | 27.13 | 5546 | 38.52 | 60,571 | 28.53 | 5525 | 38.99 | 12,667 |
Higher SoL
| 5.81 | 1288 | 17.58 | 3594 | 31.45 | 49,457 | 19.66 | 3806 | 32.80 | 10,654 |
Married
| 94.24 | 20,984 | 94.61 | 19,356 | 95.42 | 162,655 | 60.84 | 11,788 | 62.35 | 22,006 |
Not Married
| 5.76 | 1282 | 5.39 | 1103 | 4.58 | 7815 | 39.16 | 7589 | 37.65 | 13,286 |
Most developed states
|
Least developed states
| ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women
|
Men
|
Women
|
Men
| ||||||||
1998–99
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
1998–99
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
| ||
Education**
| |||||||||||
Rural
|
No Education
| 4.09 | 7.90 | 16.52 | 4.31 | 13.85 | 2.43 | 3.69 | 11.74 | 2.21 | 6.29 |
Primary Education
| 10.07 | 15.46 | 20.73 | 8.13 | 19.81 | 4.44 | 6.23 | 14.31 | 1.64 | 7.42 | |
Secondary Education
| 13.74 | 18.43 | 24.51 | 9.41 | 19.31 | 6.33 | 9.86 | 17.51 | 4.45 | 9.88 | |
Higher Education
| 20.99 | 28.20 | 29.51 | 19.27 | 25.54 | 11.01 | 16.47 | 22.38 | 15.37 | 18.57 | |
Ratio (Higher: No education)
| 5.14 | 3.57 | 1.79 | 4.47 | 1.84 | 4.53 | 4.46 | 1.91 | 6.94 | 2.95 | |
Education**
| |||||||||||
Urban
|
No Education
| 16.62 | 21.27 | 34.77 | 11.71 | 15.90 | 8.98 | 14.38 | 28.74 | 4.61 | 14.59 |
Primary Education
| 21.10 | 25.62 | 37.07 | 13.61 | 29.46 | 13.05 | 19.92 | 29.68 | 7.00 | 15.28 | |
Secondary Education
| 25.42 | 32.54 | 39.79 | 17.70 | 28.43 | 18.87 | 27.74 | 34.80 | 11.24 | 19.42 | |
Higher Education
| 35.16 | 37.70 | 40.21 | 27.52 | 40.79 | 29.34 | 37.75 | 42.10 | 26.39 | 30.55 | |
Ratio (Higher: No education)
| 2.12 | 1.77 | 1.16 | 2.35 | 2.56 | 3.27 | 2.63 | 1.47 | 5.72 | 2.09 |
Sensitivity analysis
Most developed states
|
Least developed states
| ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women
|
Men
|
Women
|
Men
| ||||||||
1998–99
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
1998–99
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
|
2005–06
|
2015–16
| ||
SoL**
| |||||||||||
Rural
|
Lower SoL
| 3.13 | 4.29 | 7.63 | 2.76 | 7.91 | 1.88 | 2.37 | 7.13 | 1.70 | 4.70 |
Middle SoL
| 9.66 | 10.96 | 12.96 | 6.41 | 9.57 | 5.02 | 6.94 | 12.28 | 4.83 | 7.77 | |
Higher SoL
| 24.79 | 27.42 | 27.25 | 18.10 | 23.98 | 16.04 | 19.96 | 25.21 | 16.49 | 17.67 | |
Ratio (Higher: Lower SoL)
| 7.92 | 6.39 | 3.57 | 6.55 | 3.03 | 8.54 | 8.41 | 3.53 | 9.68 | 3.76 | |
SoL**
| |||||||||||
Urban
|
Lower SoL
| 16.62 | 19.6 | 26.48 | 10.98 | 19.88 | 11.48 | 13.58 | 20.36 | 5.55 | 11.15 |
Middle SoL
| 39.06 | 32.62 | 38.53 | 23.36 | 27.48 | 33.06 | 29.27 | 34.72 | 17.19 | 21.69 | |
Higher SoL
| 49.64 | 46.5 | 44.45 | 29.04 | 38.76 | 38.29 | 43.79 | 44.83 | 31.13 | 30.69 | |
Ratio (Higher: Lower SoL)
| 2.99 | 2.37 | 1.68 | 2.64 | 1.95 | 3.34 | 3.22 | 2.20 | 5.61 | 2.75 |