Background
Health care financing and delivery in Kenya
Methods
Data sources
2003 | 2007 | |
---|---|---|
Number of households interviewed: | ||
• Rural households (%) | 5,852 (69.6) | 5,810 (68.7) |
• Urban households (%) | 2,552 (30.4) | 2,643 (31.3) |
Number of individuals | ||
• Male (%) | 18,765 (49.2) | 18,787 (49.2) |
• Female (%) | 19,225 (50.5) | 19,436 (50.9) |
Individuals reporting illness in the last four weeks (%) | 6,279 (16.5) | 5621 (14.7) |
Individuals hospitalized in the last 12 months (%) | 504 (1.5) | 764 (20.) |
Individuals seeing preventive care in the last four weeks (%) | 2,464 (6.5) | 1,644 (4.3) |
Data analysis
2003 | 2007 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Facility type | ||||
Outpatient | Inpatient | Outpatient | Inpatient | |
Government facilities | ||||
• PHC facilities | 97.5 | - | 114.1 | - |
• District and provincial hospitals | n.a* | n.a | 366.4 | 1099.6 |
• Teaching and referral hospitals | n.a | n.a | 963.2 | 2889.5 |
• All government hospitals | 508.5 | 1523.0 | 435.2 | 1306.1 |
Private not-for-profit | ||||
• PHC facilities | 266.8 | - | 276.3 | - |
• Hospitals | 413.6 | 1240.9 | 463.9 | 13918 |
Private for profit | ||||
• Clinics | 382.6 | - | 540.9 | - |
• Hospitals | 568.7 | 1706 | 551.5 | 1670.6 |
Results
Self reported illnesses and treatment seeking patterns
2003 | 2007 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Actions n (%) | Outpatient | Inpatient | Outpatient | Inpatient |
Government PHC | 1,418 (31.6) | n.a* | 1,726 (37.7) | n.a |
Government hospitals | 1,169 (26.0) | 333 (72.4) | 1,672 (36.5) | 583 (67.5) |
Private-not-for-profit PHC | 278 (6.2) | n.a | 162 (3.5) | n.a |
Private-not-for-profit hospitals | 182 (4.1) | 58 (12.7) | 191 (4.2) | 127 (14.7) |
Private clinics | 947 (21.2) | n.a | 554 (12.1) | n.a |
Private hospitals | 490 (10.9) | 68 (14.9) | 431 (9.4) | 153 (17.7) |
Total actions | 4,484 (100) | 457 (100) | 4,763 (100) | 863 (100) |
Distribution of outpatient and inpatient benefits by sector
Public health facilities | Private-not-for profit facilities | Private-for-profit facilities | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PHC | Hospital outpatient | Hospital inpatient | PHC | Hospital outpatient | Hospital inpatient | PHC | Hospital outpatient | Hospital inpatient | |
2003 survey | |||||||||
1 (Poorest) | 25.4 | 13.4 | 9.5 | 16.5 | 15.6 | 19.7 | 17.1 | 11.7 | 13.0 |
2 | 21.6 | 15.7 | 18.5 | 19.0 | 17.0 | 9.0 | 23.0 | 15.1 | 13.1 |
3 | 18.4 | 15.5 | 23.1 | 19.9 | 10.0 | 27.0 | 15.4 | 17.8 | 10.2 |
4 | 20.8 | 26.4 | 29.4 | 26.6 | 26.6 | 29.7 | 20.1 | 27.0 | 28.5 |
5 (Richest) | 13.8 | 29.0 | 19.5 | 18.0 | 30.8 | 14.7 | 23.9 | 28.5 | 35.3 |
CI | -0.105 | 0.166 | 0.119 | 0.021 | 0.186 | 0.025 | 0.051 | 0.177 | 0.279 |
p-value | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.04.3 | 0.699 | 0.031 | 0.804 | 0.262 | 0.000 | 0.038 |
2007 survey
| |||||||||
1 (Poorest) | 25.7 | 11.5 | 14.0 | 23.4 | 25.3 | 30.7 | 13.4 | 12.2 | 11.0 |
2 | 25.7 | 9.9 | 21.3 | 18.7 | 16.8 | 16.7 | 19.7 | 14.3 | 7.2 |
3 | 20.5 | 20.2 | 20.8 | 32.6 | 20.7 | 9.8 | 14.8 | 15.5 | 21.4 |
4 | 16.2 | 25.5 | 20.8 | 15.3 | 15.2 | 29.8 | 27.9 | 17.3 | 14.9 |
5 (Richest) | 12.0 | 32.9 | 23.0 | 10.3 | 22.0 | 12.5 | 24.2 | 40.3 | 45.5 |
CI | -0.148 | 0.221 | 0.068 | -0.115 | -0.055 | -0.095 | 0.102 | 0.253 | 0.312 |
p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.103 | 0.144 | 0.484 | 0.379 | 0.025 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Distribution of total health care benefits
Distribution of government subsidy
PHC | Hospitals outpatient | Hospitals inpatient | Total subsidy | Mean per capita subsidy in KES | Subsidy as% of consumption expenditure | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 survey | ||||||
1 (Poorest) | 25.2 | 16.8 | 11.2 | 15.8 | 125.6 | 3.0 |
2 | 18.7 | 17.1 | 14.3 | 16.4 | 130.3 | 1.4 |
3 | 21.8 | 15.1 | 26.0 | 19.6 | 155.9 | 1.1 |
4 | 22.6 | 28.0 | 30.9 | 28.4 | 225.8 | 0.9 |
5 (Richest) | 11.6 | 23.0 | 17.5 | 19.8 | 157.9 | 0.2 |
CI | -0.098 | 0.092 | 0.120 | 0.080 | 0.080 | -0.375 |
p-value | 0.139 | 0.000 | 0.174 | 0.035 | 0.032 | 0.000 |
2007 survey
| ||||||
1 (Poorest) | 26.7 | 12.8 | 19.4 | 19.4 | 194.9 | 4.7 |
2 | 26.2 | 11.2 | 21.7 | 19.5 | 195.9 | 2.2 |
3 | 19.7 | 20.2 | 20.1 | 19.8 | 197.1 | 1.3 |
4 | 16.2 | 28.5 | 23.1 | 23.5 | 232.6 | 0.9 |
5 (Richest) | 11.3 | 27.3 | 15.7 | 17.8 | 170.6 | 0.2 |
CI | -0.17 | 0.176 | -0.031 | -0.001 | -0.001 | -0.461 |
p-value | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.430 | 0.960 | 0.741 | 0.000 |