Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with levels of between 4 and 10 per cent reported (Dunaif 1995, Norman et al 2002). However, figures for its prevalence vary considerably and estimates of ‘true’ prevalence must be made with caution since there is no overall consensus on the diagnostic criteria that must be satisfied to make a diagnosis (Ledger and Clark 2003). Giving information and patient education are integral to many nursing roles and as more women are being diagnosed with PCOS, patients are seeking information from nurses as well as other health professionals. This article provides an overview of PCOS, including its clinical features, pathophysiology, long-term health consequences and possible treatments.