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Erschienen in: Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 2/2014

Open Access 01.12.2014 | Meeting abstract

Early presentation of clinical hereditary angioedema symptoms in an infant

verfasst von: Hoang Pham, Stephanie Santucci, William H Yang

Erschienen in: Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Sonderheft 2/2014

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Background

Timely diagnosis of hereditary angioedema (HAE) is challenging in children. The barriers include lack of awareness of HAE, communication difficulties, diagnostic testing limitations, and broad differential diagnoses for symptoms of HAE. Consequently, there has been no definitive study on the age of onset of symptoms of HAE in children. This lack of awareness can result in reduced quality of life due to suboptimal treatment of symptoms, significant delay in diagnosis, and/or misdiagnosis, which can result in unnecessary tests, treatments, and procedures. Current literature suggests that the mean age of onset is in the second decade of life, which is worsened by puberty, estrogen containing contraception, or estrogen hormone replacement therapy, but symptoms can also be present under one year. Here we present a case report of an infant not previously diagnosed with clinical symptoms of HAE but born from a mother with type I HAE.

Method

Cord blood for C1-INH and C4 protein quantities were obtained at time of delivery. Parents were requested to monitor the child for symptoms and pictures were taken to document any clinically suspicious edema and/or rashes. Repeat laboratory testing was done after 1 year of age.

Results

Cord blood results show C1-INH <0.12 (0.21-0.39) g/L and C4 0.08 (0.07 – 0.30) g/L. At 9 months, the child’s mother noted slight periorbital edema, which was documented with pictures. At 14 and 18 months, the child developed a rash on her torso and arms that resembled erythema marginatum; both episodes were documented with pictures.

Conclusion

Clinical symptoms of HAE may begin as early as 9 months without any triggers. Parents and clinicians need to be vigilant and properly diagnose HAE to optimize the quality of life for these young patients and their families. We emphasize a high index of clinical suspicion of HAE should begin even in the early infant period.
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://​creativecommons.​org/​licenses/​by/​4.​0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://​creativecommons.​org/​publicdomain/​zero/​1.​0/​) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Metadaten
Titel
Early presentation of clinical hereditary angioedema symptoms in an infant
verfasst von
Hoang Pham
Stephanie Santucci
William H Yang
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2014
Verlag
BioMed Central
Erschienen in
Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology / Ausgabe Sonderheft 2/2014
Elektronische ISSN: 1710-1492
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1710-1492-10-S2-A36

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