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11.08.2023

EBV Reactivation and Lymphomagenesis: More Questions than Answers

verfasst von: Maegan Ford, Evelyn Orlando, Jennifer Effie Amengual

Erschienen in: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that affects almost all humans and establishes lifelong infections by infecting B-lymphocytes leading to their immortalization. EBV has a discrete life cycle with latency and lytic reactivation phases. EBV can reactivate and cause lymphoproliferation in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. There is sparse literature on monitoring protocols for EBV reactivation and no standardized treatment protocols to treat EBV-driven lymphoproliferation.

Recent Findings

While there are no FDA-approved therapies to treat EBV, there are several strategies to inhibit EBV replication. These include immunosuppression reduction, nucleoside analogs, HDAC inhibitors, EBV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), and monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab. There is currently an open clinic trial combining the use of a HDAC inhibitor, nanatinostat, and ganciclovir to treat refractory/relapsed EBV lymphomas. Another novel therapy includes tabelecleucel, which is an allogenic EBV-directed T-cell immunotherapy that was approved by the European Medicines Agency, but is currently only available in the US for limited use in relapsed or refractory EBV-positive PTLD.

Summary

Further research is needed to establish EBV monitoring protocols in high-risk populations, such as those with autoimmune disease, cancer, HIV, or receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Additionally, standardized treatments for both the prevention of EBV reactivation in high-risk populations and treatment of EBV reactivation and lymphoproliferation need to be established.

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Titel: EBV Reactivation and Lymphomagenesis: More Questions than Answers
verfasst von: Maegan Ford
Evelyn Orlando
Jennifer Effie Amengual
Publikationsdatum: 11.08.2023
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports
Print ISSN: 1558-8211
Elektronische ISSN: 1558-822X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11899-023-00708-5

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07.12.2023 | Kopf-Hals-Tumoren | Nachrichten

Springer Medizin

EBV Reactivation and Lymphomagenesis: More Questions than Answers

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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Krebs im Kopf- und Halsbereich: Überlebensnachteil in Ostdeutschland

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Rezidivrate nach Darmkrebs-Op. stark zurückgegangen

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Update Onkologie

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Recent Findings

Summary

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Neu im Fachgebiet Onkologie

Krebs im Kopf- und Halsbereich: Überlebensnachteil in Ostdeutschland

Erfolg mit BiTE bei SCLC: 40% Response

Rezidivrate nach Darmkrebs-Op. stark zurückgegangen

Erhöhtes Langzeitrisiko für Zervixkarzinome nach aktiver Überwachung von CIN2

Update Onkologie