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17.10.2016 | Original Paper

eEF2K inhibition blocks Aβ42 neurotoxicity by promoting an NRF2 antioxidant response

verfasst von: Asad Jan, Brandon Jansonius, Alberto Delaidelli, Syam Prakash Somasekharan, Forum Bhanshali, Milène Vandal, Gian Luca Negri, Don Moerman, Ian MacKenzie, Frédéric Calon, Michael R. Hayden, Stefan Taubert, Poul H. Sorensen

Erschienen in: Acta Neuropathologica | Ausgabe 1/2017

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Abstract

Soluble oligomers of amyloid-β (Aβ) impair synaptic plasticity, perturb neuronal energy homeostasis, and are implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Therefore, significant efforts in AD drug discovery research aim to prevent the formation of Aβ oligomers or block their neurotoxicity. The eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) plays a critical role in synaptic plasticity, and couples neurotransmission to local dendritic mRNA translation. Recent evidence indicates that Aβ oligomers activate neuronal eEF2K, suggesting a potential link to Aβ induced synaptic dysfunction. However, a detailed understanding of the role of eEF2K in AD pathogenesis, and therapeutic potential of eEF2K inhibition in AD, remain to be determined. Here, we show that eEF2K activity is increased in postmortem AD patient cortex and hippocampus, and in the hippocampus of aged transgenic AD mice. Furthermore, eEF2K inhibition using pharmacological or genetic approaches prevented the toxic effects of Aβ42 oligomers on neuronal viability and dendrite formation in vitro. We also report that eEF2K inhibition promotes the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2) antioxidant response in neuronal cells, which was crucial for the beneficial effects of eEF2K inhibition in neurons exposed to Aβ42 oligomers. Accordingly, NRF2 knockdown or overexpression of the NRF2 inhibitor, Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein-1 (Keap1), significantly attenuated the neuroprotection associated with eEF2K inhibition. Finally, genetic deletion of the eEF2K ortholog efk-1 reduced oxidative stress, and improved chemotaxis and serotonin sensitivity in C. elegans expressing human Aβ42 in neurons. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential utility of eEF2K inhibition to reduce Aβ-mediated oxidative stress in AD.

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Titel: eEF2K inhibition blocks Aβ42 neurotoxicity by promoting an NRF2 antioxidant response
verfasst von: Asad Jan
Brandon Jansonius
Alberto Delaidelli
Syam Prakash Somasekharan
Forum Bhanshali
Milène Vandal
Gian Luca Negri
Don Moerman
Ian MacKenzie
Frédéric Calon
Michael R. Hayden
Stefan Taubert
Poul H. Sorensen
Publikationsdatum: 17.10.2016
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Acta Neuropathologica / Ausgabe 1/2017
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-016-1634-1

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eEF2K inhibition blocks Aβ42 neurotoxicity by promoting an NRF2 antioxidant response

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