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Erschienen in:
06.07.2018 | Review Article
Effect of Delay to Operation on Outcomes in Patients with Acute Appendicitis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Erschienen in: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery | Ausgabe 1/2019
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Background
Many studies have investigated the association between time interval and incidence of complicated appendicitis and post-operative surgical site infection (SSI), but the results are controversial.
Methods
A systematic search of the electronic databases identified studies that investigated the association of appendectomy delay with complicated appendicitis and SSI among patients with acute appendicitis. Qualitative and quantitative meta-analysis of the results was conducted.
Results
Twenty-one studies were included in the final analysis. Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in complicated appendicitis incidence between patients in the 6–12 h, > 12 and < 6 h groups (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.89–1.30, p = 0.47; OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.88–1.22, p = 0.64). Comparison of the 6–12 h category with the < 6 h category of in-hospital delay revealed significant associations between longer in-hospital delay and increased risk of post-operative SSI (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.11–1.77, p = 0.004). Patients in the 24–48 h category had 1.99- and 1.84-fold (p < 0.05) higher odds of developing complicated appendicitis compared to patients in the < 24 h category for pre-hospital delay and total delay, respectively (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.35–2.94, p = 0.0006; OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.05–3.21, p = 0.03). When pre-hospital and total delay time extended to more than 48 h, the odds of risk increased 4.62- and 7.57-fold, respectively (OR 4.62, 95% CI 2.99–7.13, p < 0.00001; OR 7.57, 95% CI 6.14–9.35, p = < 0.00001).
Conclusion
Complicated appendicitis incidence was associated with overall elapsed time from symptom onset to admission or operation; short appendectomy in-hospital delay did not increase the risk of complicated appendicitis but was associated with a slightly increased risk of SSI. Prompt surgical intervention is warranted to avoid additional morbidity, enabling quicker recovery in this population.