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01.12.2013 | Review

Emerging role of tumor-associated macrophages as therapeutic targets in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

verfasst von: Matteo Santoni, Francesco Massari, Consuelo Amantini, Massimo Nabissi, Francesca Maines, Luciano Burattini, Rossana Berardi, Giorgio Santoni, Rodolfo Montironi, Giampaolo Tortora, Stefano Cascinu

Erschienen in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy | Ausgabe 12/2013

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Abstract

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) derived from peripheral blood monocytes recruited into the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) microenvironment. In response to inflammatory stimuli, macrophages undergo M1 (classical) or M2 (alternative) activation. M1 cells produce high levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-12, IL-23 and IL-6, while M2 cells produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, thus contributing to RCC-related immune dysfunction. The presence of extensive TAM infiltration in RCC microenvironment contributes to cancer progression and metastasis by stimulating angiogenesis, tumor growth, and cellular migration and invasion. Moreover, TAMs are involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition of RCC cancer cells and in the development of tumor resistance to targeted agents. Interestingly, macrophage autophagy seems to play an important role in RCC. Based on this scenario, TAMs represent a promising and effective target for cancer therapy in RCC. Several strategies have been proposed to suppress TAM recruitment, to deplete their number, to switch M2 TAMs into antitumor M1 phenotype and to inhibit TAM-associated molecules. In this review, we summarize current data on the essential role of TAMs in RCC angiogenesis, invasion, impaired anti-tumor immune response and development of drug resistance, thus describing the emerging TAM-centered therapies for RCC patients.

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Titel: Emerging role of tumor-associated macrophages as therapeutic targets in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
verfasst von: Matteo Santoni
Francesco Massari
Consuelo Amantini
Massimo Nabissi
Francesca Maines
Luciano Burattini
Rossana Berardi
Giorgio Santoni
Rodolfo Montironi
Giampaolo Tortora
Stefano Cascinu
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2013
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy / Ausgabe 12/2013
Print ISSN: 0340-7004
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0851
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-013-1487-6

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