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Erschienen in:
01.03.2019 | Retinal Disorders
Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone detected by optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic children without diabetic retinopathy
Erschienen in: Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology | Ausgabe 4/2019
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Purpose
Evaluation of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in children with diabetes (DM) using OCTA.
Methods
We examined 112 diabetic children without DR aged 6–18 years and 30 age-matched controls using Topcon OCT Angiography and measured FAZ in superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). The study group was divided into three subgroups depending on DM duration group 1: < 5 years (n = 40), group 2: 5–10 years (n = 42), group 3: > 10 years (n = 30).
Results
The mean DCP FAZ increased with DM duration from 502.2 μm2 (SD 137.8) in group 1 to 523.9 μm2 (SD 159.2) in group 2 and 539.7 μm2 (SD 189.1) in group 3. Control group differed significantly from group 1 (p = 0.0120), group 2 (p = 0.0019) and group 3 (p = 0.0011). The mean DCP to SCP FAZ surface ratio was 1.88 (SD 0.68) in the study vs 1.58 (SD 0.48) in the control group (p = 0.0232). The DCP and SCP FAZ surface difference was 217.6 μm2 (SD 100.8 μm2) in diabetics vs. 124.2 μm2 (SD 72.8 μm2) in controls (p < 0.0001). In the control group, it was significantly smaller than in group 1 (p < 0.006), group 2 (p < 0.0001) and group 3 (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
Changes can be detected in FAZ of diabetic children before DR development which can be vital for screening.