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Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 8/2019

01.08.2019 | Basic and Applied Science (I Lewkowich, Section Editor)

Eosinophils: Nemeses of Pulmonary Pathogens?

verfasst von: Kim S. LeMessurier, Amali E. Samarasinghe

Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Ausgabe 8/2019

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Eosinophils are short-lived granulocytes that contain a variety of proteins and lipids traditionally associated with host defense against parasites. The primary goal of this review is to examine more recent evidence that challenged this rather outdated role of eosinophils in the context of pulmonary infections with helminths, viruses, and bacteria.

Recent Findings

While eosinophil mechanisms that counter parasites, viruses, and bacteria are similar, the kinetics and impact may differ by pathogen type. Major antiparasitic responses include direct killing and immunoregulation, as well as some mechanisms by which parasite survival/growth is supported. Antiviral defenses may be as unembellished as granule protein-induced direct killing or more urbane as serving as a conduit for better adaptive immune responses to the invading virus. Although sacrificial, eosinophil DNA emitted in response to bacteria helps trap bacteria to limit dissemination. Herein, we discuss the current research redefining eosinophils as multifunctional cells that are active participants in host defense against lung pathogens.

Summary

Eosinophils recognize and differentially respond to invading pathogens, allowing them to deploy innate defense mechanisms to contain and clear the infection, or modulate the immune response. Modern technology and animal models have unraveled hitherto unknown capabilities of this surreptitious cell that indubitably has more functions awaiting discovery.
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Metadaten
Titel
Eosinophils: Nemeses of Pulmonary Pathogens?
verfasst von
Kim S. LeMessurier
Amali E. Samarasinghe
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2019
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Ausgabe 8/2019
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-019-0867-1

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