Skip to main content

2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

11. Epilepsien bei strukturellen Anomalien des Gehirns

verfasst von : Prof. Dr. B. Neubauer, PD Dr. A. Hahn

Erschienen in: Dooses Epilepsien im Kindes- und Jugendalter

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Störungen der kortikalen Hirnentwicklung sind für mindestens 25% aller Fälle von therapierefraktären Epilepsien im Kindesalter verantwortlich. Umgekehrt leiden etwa 75% der Kinder mit Hirnfehlbildungen unter epileptischen Anfällen. Durch Verbesserung der bildgebenden Diagnostik, insbesondere der Kernspintomographie, nimmt die Zahl detektierbarer zerebraler Fehlbildungen stetig zu (Leventer et al. 2008). Eine Einteilung solcher Störungen kann nach dem Zeitpunkt ihres Auftretens und nach genetischen Gesichtspunkten erfolgen (Barkovich et al. 2005; Tab. 11.1).
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Arroyo S, Santamaria J (1997) What is the relationship between arachnoid cysts and seizure foci? Epilepsia 38:1098–1102CrossRefPubMed Arroyo S, Santamaria J (1997) What is the relationship between arachnoid cysts and seizure foci? Epilepsia 38:1098–1102CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson GD, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB (2005) A developmental and genetic classification for malformations of cortical development. Neurology 65:1873–1887CrossRefPubMed Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson GD, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB (2005) A developmental and genetic classification for malformations of cortical development. Neurology 65:1873–1887CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Battaglia D, Di Rocco C, Iuvone L et al (1999) Neuro-cognitive development and epilepsy outcome in children with surgically treated hemimegalencephaly. Neuropediatrics 30:307–313CrossRefPubMed Battaglia D, Di Rocco C, Iuvone L et al (1999) Neuro-cognitive development and epilepsy outcome in children with surgically treated hemimegalencephaly. Neuropediatrics 30:307–313CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Blümcke I, Spreafico R (2011) An international consensus classification for focal cortical dysplasias. Lancet Neurol 10:26–27CrossRefPubMed Blümcke I, Spreafico R (2011) An international consensus classification for focal cortical dysplasias. Lancet Neurol 10:26–27CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dubeau F, Tampieri D, Lee N et al (1995) Periventricular and subcortical nodular heterotopia. A study of 33 patients. Brain 118:1273–1287CrossRefPubMed Dubeau F, Tampieri D, Lee N et al (1995) Periventricular and subcortical nodular heterotopia. A study of 33 patients. Brain 118:1273–1287CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Garcia ML, Ty EB, Taban M et al (2006) Systemic and ocular findings in 100 patients with optic nerve hypoplasia. J Child Neurol 21:949–956CrossRefPubMed Garcia ML, Ty EB, Taban M et al (2006) Systemic and ocular findings in 100 patients with optic nerve hypoplasia. J Child Neurol 21:949–956CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Granata T, Battaglia G, D‹Incerti L et al. (1996) Schizencephaly: neuroradiologic and epileptologic findings. Epilepsia 37: 1185–1193 Granata T, Battaglia G, D‹Incerti L et al. (1996) Schizencephaly: neuroradiologic and epileptologic findings. Epilepsia 37: 1185–1193
Zurück zum Zitat Gumbinger C, Rohsbach CB, Schulze-Bonhage A et al. (2009) Focal cortical dysplasia: a genotype-phenotype analysis of polymorphisms and mutations in the TSC genes. Epilepsia 50: 1396–1408 Gumbinger C, Rohsbach CB, Schulze-Bonhage A et al. (2009) Focal cortical dysplasia: a genotype-phenotype analysis of polymorphisms and mutations in the TSC genes. Epilepsia 50: 1396–1408
Zurück zum Zitat Josephson CB, Leach JP, Duncan R et al.; Scottish Audit of Intracranial Vascular Malformations (SAIVMs) steering committee and collaborators (2011) Seizure risk from cavernous or arteriovenous malformations: prospective population-based study. Neurology 76: 1548–1554 Josephson CB, Leach JP, Duncan R et al.; Scottish Audit of Intracranial Vascular Malformations (SAIVMs) steering committee and collaborators (2011) Seizure risk from cavernous or arteriovenous malformations: prospective population-based study. Neurology 76: 1548–1554
Zurück zum Zitat Kaderali Z, Lamberti-Pasculli M, Rutka JT (2009) The changing epidemiology of paediatric brain tumours: a review from the Hospital for Sick Children. Childs Nerv Syst 25:787–793CrossRefPubMed Kaderali Z, Lamberti-Pasculli M, Rutka JT (2009) The changing epidemiology of paediatric brain tumours: a review from the Hospital for Sick Children. Childs Nerv Syst 25:787–793CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kuzniecky RI, Andermann F, Guerrini R et al (1994) The epileptic spectrum in the congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome. Neurology 44:379–385CrossRefPubMed Kuzniecky RI, Andermann F, Guerrini R et al (1994) The epileptic spectrum in the congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome. Neurology 44:379–385CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Leventer RJ, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB (2008) Malformations of cortical development and epilepsy. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 10:47–62PubMedPubMedCentral Leventer RJ, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB (2008) Malformations of cortical development and epilepsy. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 10:47–62PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Levey EB, Stashinko E, Clegg NJ, Delgado MR (2010) Management of children with holoprosencephaly. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 154C:183–190CrossRefPubMed Levey EB, Stashinko E, Clegg NJ, Delgado MR (2010) Management of children with holoprosencephaly. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 154C:183–190CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Mackay MT, Becker LE, Chuang SH et al (2003) Malformations of cortical development with balloon cells: Clinical and radiologic correlates. Neurology 60:580–587CrossRefPubMed Mackay MT, Becker LE, Chuang SH et al (2003) Malformations of cortical development with balloon cells: Clinical and radiologic correlates. Neurology 60:580–587CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Packard AM, Miller VS, Delgado MR (1997) Schizencephaly: correlations of clinical and radiologic features. Neurology 48:1427–1434CrossRefPubMed Packard AM, Miller VS, Delgado MR (1997) Schizencephaly: correlations of clinical and radiologic features. Neurology 48:1427–1434CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Salamon N, Andres M, Chute DJ et al. (2006) Contralateral hemimicrencephaly and clinical-pathological correlations in children with hemimegalencephaly. Brain 129: 352– 365 Salamon N, Andres M, Chute DJ et al. (2006) Contralateral hemimicrencephaly and clinical-pathological correlations in children with hemimegalencephaly. Brain 129: 352– 365
Zurück zum Zitat Shepherd CW, Stephenson JBP (1992) Seizures and intellectual disability associated with tuberous sclerosis complex in the west of Scotland. Dev Med Child Neurol 34:766–774CrossRefPubMed Shepherd CW, Stephenson JBP (1992) Seizures and intellectual disability associated with tuberous sclerosis complex in the west of Scotland. Dev Med Child Neurol 34:766–774CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Spencer S, Huh L (2008) Outcomes of epilepsy surgery in adults and children. Lancet Neurol 7:525–537CrossRefPubMed Spencer S, Huh L (2008) Outcomes of epilepsy surgery in adults and children. Lancet Neurol 7:525–537CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tas E, Tracy M, Sarco DP et al (2011) Septo-optic dysplasia complicated by infantile spasms and bilateral choroidal fissure arachnoid cysts. J Neuroimaging 21:89–91CrossRefPubMed Tas E, Tracy M, Sarco DP et al (2011) Septo-optic dysplasia complicated by infantile spasms and bilateral choroidal fissure arachnoid cysts. J Neuroimaging 21:89–91CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Woermann FG, Vollmar C (2009) Clinical MRI in children and adults with focal epilepsy: a critical review. Epilepsy Behav 15:40–49CrossRefPubMed Woermann FG, Vollmar C (2009) Clinical MRI in children and adults with focal epilepsy: a critical review. Epilepsy Behav 15:40–49CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Yalçin AD, Oncel C, Kaymaz A, Kuloglu N, Forta H (2002) Evidence against association between arachnoid cysts and epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 49:255–260CrossRefPubMed Yalçin AD, Oncel C, Kaymaz A, Kuloglu N, Forta H (2002) Evidence against association between arachnoid cysts and epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 49:255–260CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Epilepsien bei strukturellen Anomalien des Gehirns
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. B. Neubauer
PD Dr. A. Hahn
Copyright-Jahr
2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41954-6_11

Update Pädiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.