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Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie 8/2019

01.08.2019 | Herpesviren | CME

Neurotrophe Keratopathie

Grundlagen, Diagnostik und Therapie

verfasst von: Stefan Mergler, Tina Dietrich-Ntoukas, Prof. Dr. med. Uwe Pleyer, FEBO

Erschienen in: Die Ophthalmologie | Ausgabe 8/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Korneale Nerven sind für die Rezeption von Schmerz, Temperatur und Berührung verantwortlich und leisten einen wichtigen Bestandteil zur Homöostase der Augenoberfläche. Bei Minderung der kornealen Innervation können sich degenerative Veränderungen als neurotrophe Keratopathie (NK) manifestieren. In einem stadienhaften Verlauf können Hornhautepithelalteration und -ulzera auftreten und in eine Perforation münden. Als Ursache der NK steht überwiegend eine Schädigung des N. trigeminus im Vordergrund, der durch Infektionen (v. a. Herpesviren), Stoffwechselerkrankungen (z. B. Diabetes mellitus) sowie durch chirurgische Verfahren geschädigt werden kann. Die Diagnose der NK erfordert eine sorgfältige Anamnese, Beurteilung der Hornhautempfindlichkeit sowie vollständige Augenuntersuchung. Die Behandlung der NK richtet sich nach dem klinischen Schweregrad und zielt darauf, die Integrität der Augenoberfläche wiederherzustellen, um ein Fortschreiten der Erkrankung zu verhindern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Neurotrophe Keratopathie
Grundlagen, Diagnostik und Therapie
verfasst von
Stefan Mergler
Tina Dietrich-Ntoukas
Prof. Dr. med. Uwe Pleyer, FEBO
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwort
Herpesviren
Erschienen in
Die Ophthalmologie / Ausgabe 8/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-720X
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00347-019-0946-7

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