Erratum
Upon publication of this article [1], it was brought to our attention that Table 1 contained several errors. The correct Table 1 is shown below. This has been updated in the original article.
Table 1
Characteristics of CKD patients by the main three health schemes
Characteristics | The main three Thai health schemes | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Universal Coverage Scheme | Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme | Social Health Insurance | |
Number of adult patients (persons) | 98,727 | 24,767 | 4,844 |
Number of admissions (times) | 185,161 | 42,348 | 8,930 |
Age (mean ± SD) | 66.55 ± 13.36 | 72.23 ± 11.46 | 46.99 ± 12.16 |
Sex (male/female) | 1/1.15 | 1/0.88 | 1/0.58 |
Region (%) | |||
N / NE / C / S | 21.4 / 46.2 / 24.2 / 8.2 | 17.4 / 32.6 / 39.5 /10.5 | 11.6 / 11.2 / 71.2 / 6.1 |
Hospital levels (%) | |||
Community hospital | 49.95 | 27.24 | 1.84 |
General hospital | 23.58 | 24.49 | 16.72 |
Tertiary hospital | 22.92 | 48.14 | 35.61 |
Private hospital | 3.55 | 0.13 | 45.83 |
Onetime admission / Multiple admission (%) | 62.6 / 37.4 | 64.8 / 35.2 | 60.0 / 40.0 |
CKD diagnosed as primary / secondary (%) | 24.4 / 75.6 | 19.9 / 80.1 | 35.1 / 64.9 |
Proportion of ESRD (%) | 24.19 | 31.63 | 52.06 |
Common co-morbidities (%) | |||
Hypertension | 56.91 | 67.90 | 63.79 |
Diabetes mellitus | 45.08 | 49.09 | 36.50 |
Hyperlipidemia | 17.19 | 25.05 | 20.05 |
Ischemic heart disease | 13.49 | 21.68 | 11.91 |
Heart failure | 14.28 | 13.95 | 12.70 |
Gout | 10.49 | 13.17 | 6.44 |
Sepsis | 12.78 | 14.71 | 10.90 |
Pneumonia | 9.94 | 12.25 | 8.20 |
Acute kidney injury | 8.59 | 10.26 | 7.23 |
Diarrhea | 8.63 | 8.34 | 7.51 |
Stroke | 6.51 | 11.41 | 5.66 |
Respiratory failure | 8.53 | 7.85 | 4.81 |
Complications (%) | |||
Anemia requiring blood transfusion | 31.86 | 23.24 | 31.32 |
Hyperkalemia | 15.95 | 11.56 | 11.50 |
Volume overload | 12.44 | 8.96 | 14.80 |
Metabolic acidosis | 9.20 | 5.04 | 4.81 |
Dialysis treatment (% of admissions) | |||
Hemodialysis | 6.97 | 16.64 | 24.15 |
Peritoneal dialysis | 2.98 | 1.86 | 2.15 |
Overall mortality rate (%) | 10.39 | 12.44 | 8.71 |
Mortality rate in different hospital levels (%) | |||
Community / General / Tertiary / Private | 3.7 / 14.9 / 17.5 / 13.2 | 5.9 / 14.5 / 15.1 / 15.2 | 7.9 / 8.04 / 10.4 / 7.6 |
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