Background
Methods
Study selection
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Data extraction and outcomes of interest
Study quality assessment
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics of eligible studies
First author year | Country | Study interval | Design | LOE | No.of patients | Matching/comparablea |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bozkurt, 2015 [12] | Turekey | 2012–2015 | Retrospective | 3b | 437 | 1,2,3,4,5 |
Choi, 2016 [13] | Korea | 2003–2014 | Retrospective | 3b | 217 | 1,2,3,4,5,6 |
Choi, 2016 [14] | Korea | 2012–2015 | Retrospective | 3b | 141 | 1,2,3,4, 5,6 |
Jaipuria, 2016 [15] | India | 2014–2015 | prospective | 3b | 606 | 1,3 |
Kocaaslan, 2016 [16] | Turekey | 2010–2015 | Retrospective | 3b | 137 | 1,2,3,4, 5,6 |
Labadie, 2015 [17] | USA | 2009–2012 | Retrospective | 3b | 246 | 1,2,3,4, 5,6 |
Noureldin, 2015 [18] | Canada | 2009–2013 | Retrospective | 3b | 185 | 1,2,3,5 |
Sfoungaristos, 2016 [19] | Israel | 2010–2015 | Retrospective | 3b | 73 | 1,3,4, 5,6 |
Tailly, 2016 [20] | Canada | 2006–2013 | Retrospective | 3b | 586 | 1,2,3,4, 5,6 |
Yarimoglu, 2016 [21] | Turekey | 2012–2015 | Retrospective | 3b | 262 | 1,2,3,4, 5 |
Quality of the studies and level of evidence(Table 1)
Description of included studies and preoperative characteristics of the patients (Table 2)
Outcomes of interest | No. of studies | No. of patients SF/NSF | OR/WMD(95% CI) a | p-value | Study heterogeneity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chi2 | df | I2 | p-value | |||||
Age(year) | 7 | 1101/559 | 0.02[−1.48,1.52] a | 0.98 | 5.57 | 6 | 0% | 0.47 |
BMI(kg/m2) | 6 | 1053/534 | −0.59[− 1.80,0.63] a | 0.34 | 21.87 | 5 | 77% |
0.0006
|
Proportion/male | 6 | 914/484 | 1.48[1.18,1.86] |
0.0007
| 2.38 | 5 | 0% | 0.80 |
Laterality(right/left) | 6 | 914/484 | 1.10[0.88,1.38] | 0.41 | 8.43 | 5 | 41% | 0.13 |
Stone burden(mm2) | 6 | 914/484 | −504.28[−673.88,-334.67] a |
< 0.0001
| 13.47 | 5 | 63% |
0.02
|
No of involved calyces | 3 | 560/316 | −1.23[−1.94,-0.52] |
0.0007
| 9.15 | 2 | 78% |
0.01
|
Staghorn | 6 | 914/484 | 0.33[0.26,0.43] |
< 0.0001
| 6.58 | 5 | 24% | 0.25 |
Stone density(HU) | 4 | 777/377 | −37.65[−81.95,6.65] a | 0.10 | 4.90 | 4 | 18% | 0.30 |
Guy score | 5 | 777/377 | −0.64[−0.90,-0.37] a |
< 0.0001
| 26.42 | 4 | 85% |
< 0.0001
|
CROES nomogram | 6 | 964/452 | 29.48[9.84,49.12] a |
0.003
| 57.50 | 5 | 91% |
< 0.0001
|
S.T.O.N.E. score | 6 | 964/452 | −1.23[−1.78,-0.67] a |
< 0.0001
| 35.04 | 5 | 86% |
< 0.0001
|
Outcomes of perioperative variables (Table 3)
Outcome of interest | No. of studies | No.of patients SF/NSF | OR/WMD(95%CI) a | p-value | Study heterogeneity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chi2 | df |
I
2
| p-value | |||||
Operative time, min | 6 | 706/368 | −19.85[−25.52,-14.18] |
<0.0001
| 8.62 | 5 | 42% | 0.13 |
No of tract | 3 | 618/322 | −0.03[−0.14,0.08] a | 0.62 | 4.76 | 2 | 58% | 0.09 |
Mean tract length | 3 | 623/321 | 0.77[−2.06,3.61] | 0.59 | 1.92 | 2 | 0% | 0.38 |
LOS, days | 6 | 706/368 | −0.53[−0.88,-0.17] |
0.003
| 5.00 | 5 | 0% | 0.42 |
Transfusion rate | 2 | 228/130 | 0.22[0.08,0.55] a |
0.001
| 0.34 | 1 | 0% | 0.56 |
Change in Hb level(g/mL) | 2 | 228/130 | −0.21[−0.55,0.13] | 0.22 | 0.01 | 1 | 0% | 0.92 |
Outcomes of three scoring systems for predicting SFR after PCNL (Table 4)
Outcome of interest | No.of studies | No. of patients | MD (95%CI) | p-value | Study heterogeneity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chi2 | df |
I
2
| p-value | |||||
CROES/Guy
| ||||||||
AUC | 7 | 1837/1837 | 0.09[− 0.12,0.29] | 0.41 | 14,350.0 | 6 | 100% |
<0.0001
|
STONE/Guy
| ||||||||
AUC | 8 | 2191/2191 | 0.00[−0.03,0.04] | 0.92 | 699.92 | 7 | 99% |
<0.0001
|
CROES/STONE
| ||||||||
AUC | 7 | 1662/1662 | −0.00[−0.05,0.04] | 0.94 | 491.21 | 6 | 99% |
<0.0001
|
Outcomes of three scoring systems for predicting complications after PCNL (Table 5)
Outcome of interest | No. of studies | No.of patients Non-complicated/complicated | OR/WMD(95%CI) a | p-value | Study heterogeneity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chi2 | df |
I
2
| p-value | |||||
Guy score | 2 | 263/95 | −0.29[− 0.57,-0.02] |
0.03
| 2.02 | 1 | 51% | 0.15 |
CROES nomogram | 2 | 263/95 | 1.97[−3.77,7.71] | 0.50 | 0.00 | 1 | 0% | 0.96 |
S.T.O.N.E. score | 2 | 263/95 | −0.27[−0.59,0.05] | 0.10 | 0.20 | 1 | 0% | 0.66 |