Introduction
Methods
Setting
Definitions
Questionnaire design
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Group | Perception of risk compared with women of same age (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Much or a little lower (n = 20,345) | About the same (n = 27,138) | Much or a little higher (n = 10,951) | |
All women | 35 (20,345/58,434) | 46 (27,138/58,434) | 19 (10,951/58,434) |
Age group (years) | |||
55 to 64 | 33 (7,374/22,632) | 49 (11,192/22,632) | 18 (4,066/22,632) |
65 to 74 | 37 (7,574/20,672) | 45 (9,377/20,672) | 18 (3,721/20,672) |
≥75 | 36 (5,397/15,130) | 43 (6,569/15,130) | 21 (3,164/15,130) |
Regiona
| |||
Australia | 37 (1,049/2,865) | 46 (1,324/2,865) | 17 (492/2,865) |
Canada | 33 (1,286/3,882) | 48 (1,877/3,882) | 19 (719/3,882) |
Northern Europeb
| 33 (4,427/13,334) | 53 (7,014/13,334) | 14 (1,893/13,334) |
(26–47) | (38–61) | (13–15) | |
(706/2,715–1,556/3,298) | (1,244/3,298–1,678/2,715) | (331/2,715–498/3,298) | |
Southern Europec
| 31 (3,359/10,887) | 49 (5,308/10,887) | 20 (2,220/10,887) |
(19–37) | (45–53) | (15–28) | |
(518/2,828–1,227/3,320) | (1,432/3,135–1,538/2,828) | (509/3,320–772/2,828) | |
USA | 37 (10,224/27,466) | 42 (11,615/27,466) | 20 (5,627/27,466) |
(33–43) | (39–44) | (15–23) | |
(1,359/4,145–1,704/3,969) | (1,180/3,066–1,832/4,145) | (590/3,969–717/3,074) |
Subgroup analyses
Risk factor | Population (%) | Perception of risk compared with women of same age (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Much or a little lower | About the same | Much or a little higher | ||
No FRAX risk factors | 39 (23,772/60,392) | 42 (9,639/22,953) | 48 (10,982/22,953) | 10 (2,332/22,953) |
Single FRAX risk factor | ||||
Weight <125 lb (57 kg) | 16 (9,436/57,900) | 32 (2,928/9,142) | 42 (3,814/9,142) | 26 (2,400/9,142) |
Previous fracture after age 45 years | 24 (14,183/58,935) | 21 (2,903/13,760) | 43 (5,972/13,760) | 36 (4,885/13,760) |
Parental hip fracture | 17 (9,189/53,663) | 28 (2,537/8,941) | 46 (4,155/8,941) | 25 (2,249/8,941) |
Current smoker | 9.2 (5,484/59,816) | 31 (1,647/5,299) | 50 (2,627/5,299) | 19 (1,025/5,299) |
Current cortisone/prednisone use | 3.1 (1,835/59,191) | 22 (400/1,797) | 39 (696/1,797) | 39 (701/1,797) |
Secondary osteoporosis | 21 (12,403/57,974) | 31 (3,750/12,003) | 45 (5,415/12,003) | 24 (2,838/12,003) |
Aromatase inhibitor | 1.5 (863/58,975) | 27 (224/834) | 44 (369/834) | 29 (241/834) |
Celiac disease/colitis | 2.6 (1,540/58,921) | 26 (396/1,495) | 42 (627/1,495) | 32 (472/1,495) |
Diabetes type 1 | 3.9 (2,341/59,434) | 29 (646/2,235) | 47 (1,040/2,235) | 25 (549/2,235) |
Menopause before age 45 | 15 (8,632/59,399) | 33 (2,730/8,372) | 45 (3,787/8,372) | 22 (1,855/8,372) |
Alcohol >20 drinks/week | 0.5 (290/59,813) | 34 (97/287) | 46 (133/287) | 20 (57/287) |
Two or more FRAX risk factors | 22 (12,998/60,392) | 24 (2,994/12,612) | 43 (5,433/12,612) | 33 (4,185/12,612) |
Medical diagnosis or treatment | Population (%) | Perception of risk compared with women of same age (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
As much as or a little lower | About the same as | As much as or a little higher | ||
No osteoporosis diagnosis, FRAX risk factors, or osteoporosis prescription medications | 25 (14,477/56,906) | 48 (6,749/14,066) | 48 (6,684/14,066) | 4.5 (633/14,066) |
On osteoporosis prescription medication | 20 (11,365/58,107) | 20 (2,207/11,094) | 39 (4,313/11,094) | 41 (4,574/11,094) |
Diagnosed with osteoporosis | 22 (12,753/56,994) | 18 (2,247/12,429) | 38 (4,782/12,429) | 43 (5,400/12,429) |
Diagnosed with osteopenia | 16 (9,376/56,994) | 28 (2,548/9,240) | 48 (4,395/9,240) | 25 (2,297/9,240) |
Neither osteoporosis nor osteopenia diagnosis | 61 (34,865/56,994) | 43 (14,624/33,799) | 49 (16,556/33,799) | 7.8 (2,619/33,799) |
Osteoporosis diagnosis, >1 FRAX risk factor and osteoporosis medication | 4.5 (2,506/55,258) | 12 (286/2,460) | 27 (655/2,460) | 62 (1,519/2,460) |
Risk factor | Odds ratio | 95% Confidence interval |
---|---|---|
Weighta <125 lb (57 kg) | 1.8 | 1.7 to 1.9 |
Previous fracture | 3.3 | 3.2 to 3.5 |
Parental hip fracture | 1.6 | 1.5 to 1.7 |
Current smoker | 1.0 | 0.9 to 1.1 |
Current glucocorticoid use | 2.6 | 2.3 to 2.9 |
Secondary osteoporosisb
| 1.5 | 1.4 to 1.6 |
Alcohol >20 drinks/week | 1.1 | 0.8 to 1.6 |
Number of FRAX risk factors (vs none) | ||
1 | 2.1 | 1.9 to 2.2 |
2 or more | 4.5 | 4.3 to 4.8 |
Osteoporosis diagnosis (vs neither) | ||
Osteopenia | 4.4 | 4.1 to 4.7 |
Osteoporosis | 10 | 9.4 to 11 |